电子束精炼Inconel718合金的高温氧化行为
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摘要
对真空感应熔炼的Inconel718合金进行了电子束精炼,在900,1 000℃空气中对电子束精炼前后的合金进行了恒温氧化试验,对比分析了其高温氧化行为。结果表明:电子束精炼后,合金在900℃氧化120h后的平均氧化速率为0.366 20g·m~(-2)·h~(-1),低于精炼前的,氧化激活能为280.90kJ·mol~(-1),高于精炼前的;900℃和1 000℃氧化120h后,电子束精炼合金氧化膜的外层由Cr_2O_3和TiO_2组成,中间层主要含有Cr_2O_3以及少量的TiO_2和NiCr_2O_4尖晶石,内层主要含有Al_2O_3;电子束精炼合金中微量杂质元素的含量较低且均匀分布,晶粒尺寸较大,合金的抗氧化性能较好。
Vacuum induction melted Inconel718 alloy was refined by electron beam smelting.The high temperature oxidation behaviour of the alloy before and after electron beam refining was studied and compared by isothermal oxidation tests in the air at 900,1 000℃.The results show that the average oxidation rate of the electron beam refined alloy oxidized at 900 ℃ for 120 hwas 0.366 20 g·m~(-2)·h~(-1),smaller than that before refining;the oxidative activation energy was 280.90 kJ·mol~(-1),higher than that before refining.The outer layer of the oxide film of the electron beam refined alloy oxidized at 900 ℃ and 1 000 ℃ for 120 hwas composed of Cr_2O_3 and TiO_2,the middle layer consisted of Cr_2O_3 and a small amount of TiO_2 and spinel NiCr_2O_4,and the inner layer was mainly composed of Al_2O_3.The content of trace impurity elements distributed evenly in the electron beam refined alloy was relatively small,grain size was larger,and the alloy had a better antioxidant property.
Vacuum induction melted Inconel718 alloy was refined by electron beam smelting.The high temperature oxidation behaviour of the alloy before and after electron beam refining was studied and compared by isothermal oxidation tests in the air at 900,1 000℃.The results show that the average oxidation rate of the electron beam refined alloy oxidized at 900 ℃ for 120 hwas 0.366 20 g·m~(-2)·h~(-1),smaller than that before refining;the oxidative activation energy was 280.90 kJ·mol~(-1),higher than that before refining.The outer layer of the oxide film of the electron beam refined alloy oxidized at 900 ℃ and 1 000 ℃ for 120 hwas composed of Cr_2O_3 and TiO_2,the middle layer consisted of Cr_2O_3 and a small amount of TiO_2 and spinel NiCr_2O_4,and the inner layer was mainly composed of Al_2O_3.The content of trace impurity elements distributed evenly in the electron beam refined alloy was relatively small,grain size was larger,and the alloy had a better antioxidant property.
引文
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[2]THOMAS A,EI-WAHABI M,CABRERA J M,et al.High temperature deformation of Inconel 718[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2006,177(1/2/3):469-472.
[3]LIN G,NA Y S,PARK N K.Oxidation behavior of alloy 718at a high temperature[J].Materials and Design,2007,28(3):978-981.
[4]KUO C M,YANG Y T,BOR H Y,et al.Aging effects on the microstructure and creep behavior of Inconel 718superalloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2009,510(18):289-294.
[5]LI R B,HE X C,YAO M,et al.Effect of cold rolling on precipitates in Inconel718 alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2002,11(5):504-508.
[6]YOU X G,TAN Y,LI J Y,et al.Effects of solution heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of Inconel 740superalloy prepared by electron beam smelting[J].Journal of Alloys&Compound,2015,638:239-248.
[7]TAN Y,YOU X G,YOU Q F,et al.Microstructure and deformation behavior of nickel based superalloy Inconel 740prepared by electron beam smelting[J].Materials Characterization,2016,114:267-276.
[8]YOU X G,TAN Y,YOU Q F,et al.Preparation of Inconel740superalloy by electron beam smelting[J].Journal of Alloys&Compound,2016,676:202-208.
[9]YOU X G,TAN Y,SHI S,et al.Effect of solution heat treatment on the precipitation behavior and strengthening mechanisms of electron beam smelted Inconel 718superalloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2017,689:257-268.
[10]杨松岚,王福会,朱圣龙.硫偏聚对高温合金氧化性能影响的研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2000,12(6):350-353.
[11]SCHMUTZLER H J,VIEFHAUS H,GRABKE H J.The influence of the oxide/metal interface composition on the adherence of oxide layers on metal substrates[J].Surface&Interface Analysis,1992,18(8):581-584.
[12]FUNKENBUSCH A W,SMEGGIL J G,BORNSTEIN N S.Reactive element-sulfur interaction and oxide scale adherence[J].Metallurgical Transaction A,1985,16(6):1164-1166.
[13]SMEGGIL J G,FUNKENBUSCH A W,BORNSTEIN N S.A relationship between indigenous impurity elements and protective oxide scale adherence characteristics[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1986,17(6):923-932.
[14]LEES D G.On the reasons for the effects of dispersions of stable oxides and additions of reactive elements on the adhesion and growth-mechanisms of chromia and alumina scales:The sulfur effect[J].Oxidation of Metals,1987,27(1/2):75-81.
[15]HOU P Y.Segregation phenomena at thermally grown Al2O3/alloy interfaces[J].Annual Review of Materials Research,2008,38:275-275.
[16]MOLINS R,ROUZOU I,HOU P Y.A TEM study of sulfur distribution in oxidized Ni40Al and its effect on oxide growth and adherence[J].Materials Science&Engineering:A,2007,454/455:80-88.
[17]FOX P,LEES D G,LORIMER G W.Sulfur segregation during the high-temperature oxidation of chromium[J].Oxidation of Metals,1991,36(5/6):491-491.
[18]马莉,周科朝,李志友,等.晶粒尺寸对电沉积取向性金属Ni镀层抗氧化性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2011,16(4):537-546.
[19]肖刚,黄伯云,曲选辉,等.Ti-33Al-3Cr-0.5Mo合金全片层组织晶粒尺寸对其高温抗氧化性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料工程,1997,26(2):50-53.
[20]郑海忠,鲁世强.晶粒细化对Cr-25Nb合金高温氧化行为的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2010,39(10):1802-1806.
[21]廖娇.电子束熔炼制备Inconel 740合金组织与氧化性能研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2014.
[22]卢旭东,田素贵,孙振东.一种镍基高温合金在850℃和950℃的氧化行为[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2011,23(4):298-302.
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