渐新世-中新世过渡期全球环境变迁及其对生物演化的影响
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摘要
渐新世-中新世过渡期(OMT)是指渐新世向中新世过渡的一个重要阶段,对该时期发生的环境变迁及其对生物演化的影响有大量的研究,但却缺乏深入系统的总结.本文通过分析地质学、地理学、天文学、古生物学、生物地理学等学科有关渐新世-中新世过渡期的研究成果,对这些文献资料系统分析后提出:根据晚渐新世到早中新世气候变化的趋势可将渐新世-中新世过渡期确定在约25～22 Ma;与渐新世-中新世分界线(OMB, 23.03 Ma)相比, OMT在生物演化研究中具有更显著的生物学意义;同时,推测OMT发生的各类气候环境变迁不是孤立的偶然事件,可能是受到地球轨道变化驱动的全球性共有事件;而区域性环境变迁事件,可能与全球性的气候变化相耦合,塑造了区域性的气候环境,进而深刻影响物种的演化历程和适应格局.因此, OMT是全球气候环境变迁及生物演化的重要阶段,深入研究该阶段的物种适应演化历史对于理解现代生物应对未来气候变化的策略具有重要的意义.
Although the Oligocene-Miocene transition(OMT) is a well-known key stage in moving from the Oligocene to the Miocene, and many studies have considered the environmental changes and biological evolution during this period, the results of this research are currently poorly summarized. Here, we gather information from previous OMT-related work in geology, geography, astronomy,paleontology, evolutionary biology, biogeography, and other disciplines. When we systematically collated these documents and data,we found the following. First, the OMT should be constrained to the period from around 25–22 Ma(million years ago) based on the climate fluctuations between the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. Second, compared with the Oligocene–Miocene boundary(OMB, 23.03 Ma), the OMT has particular significance for the study of biological evolution. In addition, we speculate that the environmental changes occurring around the world during the OMT were not isolated accidents, and instead were likely related events induced by orbital forcing. Global climatic changes could have shaped regional environments by adding to local shifts, and such effects may have had a profound impact on species evolution and adaptation at a regional scale. Thus, the OMT is a key period of global environmental change and biological evolution, and a thorough study of organisms' evolutionary adaptation histories during this era will be of great significance for understanding the biological strategies that will arise in response to future climate changes.
Although the Oligocene-Miocene transition(OMT) is a well-known key stage in moving from the Oligocene to the Miocene, and many studies have considered the environmental changes and biological evolution during this period, the results of this research are currently poorly summarized. Here, we gather information from previous OMT-related work in geology, geography, astronomy,paleontology, evolutionary biology, biogeography, and other disciplines. When we systematically collated these documents and data,we found the following. First, the OMT should be constrained to the period from around 25–22 Ma(million years ago) based on the climate fluctuations between the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. Second, compared with the Oligocene–Miocene boundary(OMB, 23.03 Ma), the OMT has particular significance for the study of biological evolution. In addition, we speculate that the environmental changes occurring around the world during the OMT were not isolated accidents, and instead were likely related events induced by orbital forcing. Global climatic changes could have shaped regional environments by adding to local shifts, and such effects may have had a profound impact on species evolution and adaptation at a regional scale. Thus, the OMT is a key period of global environmental change and biological evolution, and a thorough study of organisms' evolutionary adaptation histories during this era will be of great significance for understanding the biological strategies that will arise in response to future climate changes.
引文
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