三沙湾海岸线时空演变
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摘要
海岸带是海陆之间的过渡区域,是人类活动和经济发展较为活跃的地区。海岸线时空演变研究对海岸带资源开发与保护有重要意义,但国内外对三沙湾海岸线时空演变研究较少。本文基于25a的卫星遥感资料,解译出4个时相的三沙湾海岸线,定量分析海岸线变化趋势,并研究海岸线演变的主要因素。研究表明,25a的三沙湾海岸线总体长度呈增长趋势:1988—1996年岸线总长度变化不大;2003年较1996年增加约6 947 m、增长约11.5%;2003—2013年岸线总长度增加较为明显,2013年较2003年增加约24 128m、增长约39.6%,其增速约为1996—2003的3.4倍。砂质岸线长度基本稳定,基岩和泥质岸线长度有所减少,人工岸线在逐年增加,这主要是滩地围垦、港口建设和海岸人工改造等人为因素造成的。
The coastal zone is a transitional area between sea and land.The study of the spatial and temporal evolution of coastline is of great significance for the development and protection of coastal resources.However,there are few studies on the spatial and temporal evolution of Sansha Bay coastline at home and abroad.Based on the satellite remote sensing data in the past 25 a,the authors interpretedthe four-phase Sansha Bay coastline,quantitatively analyzed the trend of coastline change,and studied the main factors of the coastline evolution.The study shows that the total length of Sansha Bay coastline increased in the past 25a:from 1988 to 1996,the total length of the shoreline didn't change much.In2003,the total length of the shoreline increased by about 6 947 m,11.5% compared to 1996.In the period of 2003-2013,the total length of the shoreline increased significantly.In 2013,the total length of the shoreline increased by about 24 128 m,39.6% compared to 2003,and the growth rate is about 3.4times that of 1996-2003.The length of the sandy shoreline is basically stable,and the length of the bedrock and mud shoreline is reduced,while the artificial coastline is increasing year by year mainly caused by the factors such as the reclamation of beach land,the construction of the port,and the transformation of the coastal man workers.
The coastal zone is a transitional area between sea and land.The study of the spatial and temporal evolution of coastline is of great significance for the development and protection of coastal resources.However,there are few studies on the spatial and temporal evolution of Sansha Bay coastline at home and abroad.Based on the satellite remote sensing data in the past 25 a,the authors interpretedthe four-phase Sansha Bay coastline,quantitatively analyzed the trend of coastline change,and studied the main factors of the coastline evolution.The study shows that the total length of Sansha Bay coastline increased in the past 25a:from 1988 to 1996,the total length of the shoreline didn't change much.In2003,the total length of the shoreline increased by about 6 947 m,11.5% compared to 1996.In the period of 2003-2013,the total length of the shoreline increased significantly.In 2013,the total length of the shoreline increased by about 24 128 m,39.6% compared to 2003,and the growth rate is about 3.4times that of 1996-2003.The length of the sandy shoreline is basically stable,and the length of the bedrock and mud shoreline is reduced,while the artificial coastline is increasing year by year mainly caused by the factors such as the reclamation of beach land,the construction of the port,and the transformation of the coastal man workers.
引文
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[8]李行,周云轩,况润元.上海崇明东滩岸线演变分析及趋势预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(2):417-424.Li Xing,Zhou Yunxuan,Kuang Runyuan,et al.Analysis and Trend Prediction of Shoreline Evolution in Chongming Dongtan,Shanghai[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2010,40(2):417-424.
[9]姚晓静,高义,杜云艳,等.基于遥感技术的近30a海南岛海岸线时空变化[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(1):114-125.Yao Xiaojing,Gao Yi,Du Yunyan,et al.Spatial and Temporal Changes of Hainan Coastline in the Past 30Years Based on RS[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2013,28(1):114-125.
[10]刘旭拢,邓孺孺,许剑辉,等.近40年来珠江河口区海岸线时空变化特征及驱动力分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(10):1336-1345.Liu Xulong, Deng Ruru, Xu Jianhui, et al.SpatiotemporalEvolutionCharacteristicsof Coastlines and Driving Force Analysis of the Pearl River Estuary in the Past 40 Years[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2017,19(10):1336-1345.
[11]叶梦姚,李加林,史小丽,等.1990—2015年浙江省大陆岸线变迁与开发利用空间格局变化[J].地理研究,2017,36(6):1159-1170.Ye Mengyao,Li Jialin,Shi Xiaoli,et al.Spatial Pattern Change of the Coastline Development and Utilization in Zhejiang from 1990 to 2015[J].Geographical Research,2017,36(6):1159-1170.
[12]郑守专.三沙湾滨海湿地生态系统评价[D].厦门:集美大学,2012.Zheng Shouzhuan.The Evaluation of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Sansha Bay[D].Xiamen:Jimei University,2012.
[13]李倨莹.海湾生态修复效果评价研究:以三沙湾为例[D].厦门:厦门大学,2016.Li Juying.Effect Assessment of Marine Ecological Restoration:A Case Study of Sansha Bay[D].Xiamen:Xiamen University,2016.
[14]张施跃,束龙仓,闵星,等.基于土地利用类型的大气降水入渗补给量计算[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):860-867.Zhang Shiyue,Shu Longcang, Min Xing,et al.Calculation of Precipitalon Infiltration Reacharge Based on Land-Use Type[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):860-867.
[15]李晓东,姜琦刚.吉林西部多时相遥感数据分类方案的构建及应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):907-915.Li Xiaodong,Jiang Qigang.Land Cover Classification Method Based on Multi-Temporal Satellite Images:Taking Western Jilin Region as an Example[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):907-915.
[16]海洋学术语:海洋地质学:GB/T18190-2000[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.Oceanological Terminology:Marine Geology:GB/T18190-2000[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2001.
[17]朱国强,苏奋振,张君珏.南海周边国家近20年海岸线时空变化分析[J].海洋通报,2015,34(5):481-490.Zhu Guoqiang,Su Fenzhen,Zhang Junjue.Analysis on Spatial-Temporal Changes of the Coastline in the Countries Around the South China Sea in Recent Two Decades[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2015,34(5):481-490.
[2]王娟,卜志国,崔先国,等.遥感技术在海岸带监测中的应用:以天津滨海新区为例[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(3):20-25.Wang Juan, Bu Zhiguo, Cui Xianguo, et al.Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Coastal Zone Monitoring:As an Example of Tianjin Binhai New Area[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2010,29(3):20-25.
[3]毋亭,侯西勇.海岸线变化研究综述[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1170-1182.Wu Ting, Hou Xiyong.Review of Research on Coastline Changes[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(4):1170-1182.
[4]伊飞,张训华,胡克.海岸带陆海相互作用研究综述[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(3):28-34.Yi Fei,Zhang Xunhua,Hu ke.A Review of Researches on Land-Ocean Interaction in the Coastal Zone[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2011,27(3):28-34.
[5]李秀梅,袁承志,李月洋.渤海湾海岸带遥感监测及时空变化[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(2):156-163.Li Xiumei, Yuan Chengzhi, Li Yeyang.Remote Sensing Monitoring and Spatial-Temporal Variation of Bohai Bay Coastal Zone[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2013,25(2):156-163.
[6]杨绵海,林志兰.厦门市海岸带景观格局变化及其对生态安全的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(12):3193-3202.Yang Mianhai,Lin Zhilan.Landscape Pattern Changes of Xiamen Coastal Zone and Their Impacts on Local Ecological Security[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(12):3193-3202.
[7]李静,张鹰.基于遥感测量的海岸线变化与分析[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(2):224-228.Li Jing,Zhang Ying.Analysis of Coastline Change Based on Remote Sensing Measurement[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2012,40(2):3193-3202.
[8]李行,周云轩,况润元.上海崇明东滩岸线演变分析及趋势预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(2):417-424.Li Xing,Zhou Yunxuan,Kuang Runyuan,et al.Analysis and Trend Prediction of Shoreline Evolution in Chongming Dongtan,Shanghai[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2010,40(2):417-424.
[9]姚晓静,高义,杜云艳,等.基于遥感技术的近30a海南岛海岸线时空变化[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(1):114-125.Yao Xiaojing,Gao Yi,Du Yunyan,et al.Spatial and Temporal Changes of Hainan Coastline in the Past 30Years Based on RS[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2013,28(1):114-125.
[10]刘旭拢,邓孺孺,许剑辉,等.近40年来珠江河口区海岸线时空变化特征及驱动力分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(10):1336-1345.Liu Xulong, Deng Ruru, Xu Jianhui, et al.SpatiotemporalEvolutionCharacteristicsof Coastlines and Driving Force Analysis of the Pearl River Estuary in the Past 40 Years[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2017,19(10):1336-1345.
[11]叶梦姚,李加林,史小丽,等.1990—2015年浙江省大陆岸线变迁与开发利用空间格局变化[J].地理研究,2017,36(6):1159-1170.Ye Mengyao,Li Jialin,Shi Xiaoli,et al.Spatial Pattern Change of the Coastline Development and Utilization in Zhejiang from 1990 to 2015[J].Geographical Research,2017,36(6):1159-1170.
[12]郑守专.三沙湾滨海湿地生态系统评价[D].厦门:集美大学,2012.Zheng Shouzhuan.The Evaluation of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Sansha Bay[D].Xiamen:Jimei University,2012.
[13]李倨莹.海湾生态修复效果评价研究:以三沙湾为例[D].厦门:厦门大学,2016.Li Juying.Effect Assessment of Marine Ecological Restoration:A Case Study of Sansha Bay[D].Xiamen:Xiamen University,2016.
[14]张施跃,束龙仓,闵星,等.基于土地利用类型的大气降水入渗补给量计算[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):860-867.Zhang Shiyue,Shu Longcang, Min Xing,et al.Calculation of Precipitalon Infiltration Reacharge Based on Land-Use Type[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):860-867.
[15]李晓东,姜琦刚.吉林西部多时相遥感数据分类方案的构建及应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):907-915.Li Xiaodong,Jiang Qigang.Land Cover Classification Method Based on Multi-Temporal Satellite Images:Taking Western Jilin Region as an Example[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):907-915.
[16]海洋学术语:海洋地质学:GB/T18190-2000[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.Oceanological Terminology:Marine Geology:GB/T18190-2000[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2001.
[17]朱国强,苏奋振,张君珏.南海周边国家近20年海岸线时空变化分析[J].海洋通报,2015,34(5):481-490.Zhu Guoqiang,Su Fenzhen,Zhang Junjue.Analysis on Spatial-Temporal Changes of the Coastline in the Countries Around the South China Sea in Recent Two Decades[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2015,34(5):481-490.