葡萄贮运过程中跌落与振动损伤的试验分析
|
摘要
目的以巨峰葡萄为试验对象,研究在贮运过程中跌落冲击机械损伤,以及振动疲劳累积对其生理品质产生的影响。方法在现有贮运包装条件下对葡萄进行不同高度的跌落试验,得到跌落高度对葡萄力学特性的影响。在相同高度下,对葡萄进行不同包装的试验验证,得到新型减振包装对葡萄力学特性的影响,并使用模拟运输振动试验台和六度空间振动试验台进行试验,模拟实际运输路况下不同包装对葡萄生理品质的影响。结果研究发现,新型减振包装在2种振动疲劳累积试验下,质量损失率比普通包装减少了27.07%和21.42%,表面损伤系数减少了20.11%与17.61%。结论可为葡萄设计合理的包装方式和运输方式提供理论依据。
The work aims to take Jufeng grape as the test object to study the effects on the physiological quality caused by drop impact, mechanical damage and vibration fatigue accumulation during storage and transportation. Grapes were tested when dropped from different heights under the existing packaging conditions to obtain the effects of dropping height on grape mechanical properties. At the same height, the tests were performed again with the new damping package to obtain effects of new cushioning packages on grape mechanical properties. Afterwards the simulated transport vibration test bench and the six-degree space vibration test bench were used to simulate the effects of different packages on grape physiological quality under actual transportation conditions. From the study, the weight loss rate of the new vibration-damping package under two vibration and fatigue accumulation tests was reduced by 27.07% and 21.42% compared to the ordinary packaging, and the surface damage coefficient decreased by 20.11% and 17.61%. The studies can provide a theoretical basis for designing reasonable packaging and transportation methods.
The work aims to take Jufeng grape as the test object to study the effects on the physiological quality caused by drop impact, mechanical damage and vibration fatigue accumulation during storage and transportation. Grapes were tested when dropped from different heights under the existing packaging conditions to obtain the effects of dropping height on grape mechanical properties. At the same height, the tests were performed again with the new damping package to obtain effects of new cushioning packages on grape mechanical properties. Afterwards the simulated transport vibration test bench and the six-degree space vibration test bench were used to simulate the effects of different packages on grape physiological quality under actual transportation conditions. From the study, the weight loss rate of the new vibration-damping package under two vibration and fatigue accumulation tests was reduced by 27.07% and 21.42% compared to the ordinary packaging, and the surface damage coefficient decreased by 20.11% and 17.61%. The studies can provide a theoretical basis for designing reasonable packaging and transportation methods.
引文
[1]蔡佑星,赵东柏,周小媛.葡萄与保鲜包装[J].包装工程,2004,35(1):42-43.CAI You-xing,ZHAO Dong-bai,ZHOU Xiao-yuan.Grap and It's Fresh-keeping Packaging[J].Packaging Engineering,2004,35(1):42-43.
[2]卢立新,黄祥飞,华岩.基于模拟运输条件的梨果实包装振动损伤研究[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):110-114.LU Li-xin,HUANG Xiang-fei,HUA Yan.Effect of Packaging Methods on Vibration Bruising of Pear Fruits by Simulated Transport Tests[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(6):110-114.
[3]潘嘹.典型果品机械损伤及其防护机理研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2011.PAN Liao.Research on Mechanical Bruising and Protection Mechanism of Typical Fruits[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2011.
[4]翁桢,李琛,刘颖.葡萄贮运保鲜包装结构优化设计[J].森林工程,2012,28(4):93-96.WENG Zhen,LI Chen,LIU Ying.Optimal Design of Grape Storage and Transportation Packaging Structure[J].Forest Engineering,2012,28(4):93-96.
[5]李萍,王若伊,林顿,等.果蔬运输振动损伤及其减振包装设计[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(5):353-357.LI Ping,WANG Ruo-yi,LIN Dun,et al.Vibration Damage and Anti-vibration Packaging of Fruits and Vegetables during Transportation[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2013,34(5):353-357.
[6]李萍.黄花梨模拟运输振动引起的机械损伤与品质损害[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.LI Ping.Studies on the Mechanical Damage and Quality Deterioration of Huanghua Pears Caused by Simulating Transport Vibration[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.
[7]魏巍,王芳,赵满全,等.果蔬运输振动损伤与其品质评价指标的研究现状[J].农机化研究,2015,37(5):260-263.WEI Wei,WANG Fang,ZHAO Man-quan,et al.Research Status of Fruit and Vegetable Transport Vibration Damage and Quality Evaluation[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2015,37(5):260-263.
[8]MENESA P,PAGLIA G.PH-Postharvest Technology:Development of a Drop Damage Index of Fruit Resistance to Damage[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2001,80(1):53-64.
[9]BOLLEN A F,COX N R.A Technique for Predicting the Probability of Bruising for Use with an Instrumented Sphere[C]//American Society of Agricultural Engineers International Winter Meeting,1991.
[10]RAGNI L,BERARDINELLI A.Apple Packing Line Damage Assess-ment,Mechanical Behaviour of Apples,and Damage during Sorting and Packaging[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2001,78(3):273-279.
[11]CHEN P,RUIZ M,LU F,et al.Study of Impact and Compression Damage on Asian Pears[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1987,30(4):1193-1197.
[12]兰海鹏,张宏,唐玉荣.一种基于成熟规律的水果成熟度评价方法:中国.201410738646.X[P].2015.LAN Hai-peng,ZHANG Hong,TANG Yu-rong.An Evaluation Method of Fruit Maturity Based on Maturity Law:China.201410738646.X[P].2015.
[13]黄斯.水果减振包装的研制及其在草莓、猕猴桃和葡萄贮运中的应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.HUANG Si.Development and Application of Anti-vibration Package in the Storage and Transportation of Strawberry,Kiwifruit and Grapes[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang Univercity,2016.
[14]郑永华,苏新国,毛杭云.纯氧处理草莓的保鲜效果初探[J].南京农业大学学报,2001(3):85-88.ZHENG Yong-hua,SU Xin-guo,MAO Hang-yun.APreliminary Study on the Effects of Pure Oxygen on Strawberry Fruit Storage[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2001(3):85-88.
[15]吾尔尼沙·卡得尔,车凤斌,张婷,等.不同贮藏温度对红提葡萄贮期品质及生理指标变化的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(1):82-86.WUERNISHA Kader,CHE Feng-bin,ZHANG Ting,et al.Effect of Different Temperature on Quality and Physiological Index of Postharvest Red Globe Grape during Storage[J].Xinjiang Agriculture Sciences,2010,47(1):82-86.
[16]王凯,鞠延仑,魏晓峰,等.避雨栽培对"户太八号"葡萄果实品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(8):1202-1211.WANG Kai,JU Yan-lun,WEI Xiao-feng,et al.Effects of Rain-shelter Cultivation on Quality of'Hutai No.8'Grape[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2017,26(8):1202-1211.
[17]孙新枝.壳聚糖保鲜剂涂膜对保鲜葡萄的效果研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(19):329-330.SUN Xin-zhi.Study on Fresh-keeping Treatment of Grape by Chitosan[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2012,33(19):329-330.
[18]冯国华.ASQ700跌落冲击试验机的半正弦波跌落冲击试验模型分析[D].苏州:苏州大学,2007.FENG Guo-hua.Half Sine Wave Shock-exited Analysis Based on ASQ700 Model[D].Suzhou:Suzhou Univercity,2007.
[2]卢立新,黄祥飞,华岩.基于模拟运输条件的梨果实包装振动损伤研究[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):110-114.LU Li-xin,HUANG Xiang-fei,HUA Yan.Effect of Packaging Methods on Vibration Bruising of Pear Fruits by Simulated Transport Tests[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(6):110-114.
[3]潘嘹.典型果品机械损伤及其防护机理研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2011.PAN Liao.Research on Mechanical Bruising and Protection Mechanism of Typical Fruits[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2011.
[4]翁桢,李琛,刘颖.葡萄贮运保鲜包装结构优化设计[J].森林工程,2012,28(4):93-96.WENG Zhen,LI Chen,LIU Ying.Optimal Design of Grape Storage and Transportation Packaging Structure[J].Forest Engineering,2012,28(4):93-96.
[5]李萍,王若伊,林顿,等.果蔬运输振动损伤及其减振包装设计[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(5):353-357.LI Ping,WANG Ruo-yi,LIN Dun,et al.Vibration Damage and Anti-vibration Packaging of Fruits and Vegetables during Transportation[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2013,34(5):353-357.
[6]李萍.黄花梨模拟运输振动引起的机械损伤与品质损害[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.LI Ping.Studies on the Mechanical Damage and Quality Deterioration of Huanghua Pears Caused by Simulating Transport Vibration[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.
[7]魏巍,王芳,赵满全,等.果蔬运输振动损伤与其品质评价指标的研究现状[J].农机化研究,2015,37(5):260-263.WEI Wei,WANG Fang,ZHAO Man-quan,et al.Research Status of Fruit and Vegetable Transport Vibration Damage and Quality Evaluation[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2015,37(5):260-263.
[8]MENESA P,PAGLIA G.PH-Postharvest Technology:Development of a Drop Damage Index of Fruit Resistance to Damage[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2001,80(1):53-64.
[9]BOLLEN A F,COX N R.A Technique for Predicting the Probability of Bruising for Use with an Instrumented Sphere[C]//American Society of Agricultural Engineers International Winter Meeting,1991.
[10]RAGNI L,BERARDINELLI A.Apple Packing Line Damage Assess-ment,Mechanical Behaviour of Apples,and Damage during Sorting and Packaging[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2001,78(3):273-279.
[11]CHEN P,RUIZ M,LU F,et al.Study of Impact and Compression Damage on Asian Pears[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1987,30(4):1193-1197.
[12]兰海鹏,张宏,唐玉荣.一种基于成熟规律的水果成熟度评价方法:中国.201410738646.X[P].2015.LAN Hai-peng,ZHANG Hong,TANG Yu-rong.An Evaluation Method of Fruit Maturity Based on Maturity Law:China.201410738646.X[P].2015.
[13]黄斯.水果减振包装的研制及其在草莓、猕猴桃和葡萄贮运中的应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.HUANG Si.Development and Application of Anti-vibration Package in the Storage and Transportation of Strawberry,Kiwifruit and Grapes[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang Univercity,2016.
[14]郑永华,苏新国,毛杭云.纯氧处理草莓的保鲜效果初探[J].南京农业大学学报,2001(3):85-88.ZHENG Yong-hua,SU Xin-guo,MAO Hang-yun.APreliminary Study on the Effects of Pure Oxygen on Strawberry Fruit Storage[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2001(3):85-88.
[15]吾尔尼沙·卡得尔,车凤斌,张婷,等.不同贮藏温度对红提葡萄贮期品质及生理指标变化的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(1):82-86.WUERNISHA Kader,CHE Feng-bin,ZHANG Ting,et al.Effect of Different Temperature on Quality and Physiological Index of Postharvest Red Globe Grape during Storage[J].Xinjiang Agriculture Sciences,2010,47(1):82-86.
[16]王凯,鞠延仑,魏晓峰,等.避雨栽培对"户太八号"葡萄果实品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(8):1202-1211.WANG Kai,JU Yan-lun,WEI Xiao-feng,et al.Effects of Rain-shelter Cultivation on Quality of'Hutai No.8'Grape[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2017,26(8):1202-1211.
[17]孙新枝.壳聚糖保鲜剂涂膜对保鲜葡萄的效果研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(19):329-330.SUN Xin-zhi.Study on Fresh-keeping Treatment of Grape by Chitosan[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2012,33(19):329-330.
[18]冯国华.ASQ700跌落冲击试验机的半正弦波跌落冲击试验模型分析[D].苏州:苏州大学,2007.FENG Guo-hua.Half Sine Wave Shock-exited Analysis Based on ASQ700 Model[D].Suzhou:Suzhou Univercity,2007.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |