纯电动汽车蓄电池-超级电容复合能源系统研究
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摘要
为弥补现有纯电动汽车单一能源的不足,采用蓄电池为主超级电容为辅的复合能源系统,通过对车辆动力性、续驶里程、制动能量回收等约束的分析,对复合能源进行参数匹配;考虑超级电容电压与其容量和效率的关系,将超级电容电压、蓄电池SOC和车辆需求功率作为输入量制定模糊控制策略;为避免一次行驶路况结论的片面性,在UDDS路况进行多次循环仿真直至蓄电池放电结束。结果表明,所采用的蓄电池——超级电容复合能源系统参数匹配方法和模糊控制策略能够很好的满足纯电动汽车在完整放电行驶中对能源系统能量和功率的需求,能够有效回收利用再生制动能量,提高能源系统效率,提高车辆动力性能和经济性能,起到延长蓄电池使用寿命的作用。
In order to make up for the lack of a single energy source for existing electric vehicles,using battery and supercapcitor hybrid energy system,in which the battery as main energy source,supercapcitor as auxiliary energy source,optimized its parameters through vehicle dynamic performance,driving range,braking energy recovery and other constraints.Considering relationship between supercapcitor voltage and its capacity and efficiency,formulated fuzzy control strategy based on supercapcitor voltage,battery SOC and vehicle power requirements. In order to avoid the incompleteness of the single cycle simulation conclusion,multiple cycles of simulation are performed in the UDDS road condition until the battery discharge end. The results show that the parameter matching method and fuzzy logic control strategy of battery supercapcitor hybrid energy system can meet the demand for energy and power of pure electric vehicle during complete discharge running cycle,effectively recycle and utilize regenerative braking energy,improve energy system efficiency,improve vehicle power performance and economic performance,which plays a role in extending battery life.
In order to make up for the lack of a single energy source for existing electric vehicles,using battery and supercapcitor hybrid energy system,in which the battery as main energy source,supercapcitor as auxiliary energy source,optimized its parameters through vehicle dynamic performance,driving range,braking energy recovery and other constraints.Considering relationship between supercapcitor voltage and its capacity and efficiency,formulated fuzzy control strategy based on supercapcitor voltage,battery SOC and vehicle power requirements. In order to avoid the incompleteness of the single cycle simulation conclusion,multiple cycles of simulation are performed in the UDDS road condition until the battery discharge end. The results show that the parameter matching method and fuzzy logic control strategy of battery supercapcitor hybrid energy system can meet the demand for energy and power of pure electric vehicle during complete discharge running cycle,effectively recycle and utilize regenerative braking energy,improve energy system efficiency,improve vehicle power performance and economic performance,which plays a role in extending battery life.
引文
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[15]宋永华,阳岳希,胡泽春.电动汽车电池的现状及发展趋势[J].电网技术,2011,(4):1-7.Song Yonghua,Yang Yuexi,Hu Zhechun.Present status and development trend of batteries for electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2011,(4):1-7.
[16]Tinton Dwi Atmaja,Amin.Energy Storage System Using Battery and Ultracapacitor on Mobile Charging Station for Electric Vehicle[J].Energy Procedia,2015,68:429-437.
[17]Arturo Gonzalez-Gil,Roberto Palacin,Paul Batty.Sustainable urban rail systems:Strategies and technologies for optimal management of regenerative braking energy[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2013,75:374-388.
[18]叶敏,郭金刚.电动汽车再生制动及其控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2013.
[19]曾小华宫维钧.ADVISOR 2002电动汽车仿真与再开发应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
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[21]曹秉刚,曹建波,李军伟,等.超级电容在电动车中的应用研究[J].成都:西安交通大学学报,2008,(11):1317-1322.Cao Binggang,Cao Jianbo,Li Junwei,et al.Ultacapacitor with application to electric vehicle[J].Chengdu:Journal of Xian Jiaotong University,2008,(11):1317-1322.
[22]王晓峰.主从能源电动汽车能源匹配研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Wang Xiaofeng.The matching of energy sources in hybrid energy sources EV[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[23]胡建军,肖军,晏玖江.纯电动车车用复合储能装置控制策略及参数优化[J].重庆大学学报,2016,(1):1-11.Hu Jianjun,Xiao Jun,Yan Jiujiang.Contro strategy and parameter optimization of hybrid energy storge device for electric vehicles[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2016,(1):1-11.
[24]甄娜.面向后驱动复合电源电动汽车仿真的ADVISOR二次开发研究[D].西安:长安大学,2011.Zhen Na.The second development and research of ADVISOR for simulation of rear drive EV with synergic electric power system[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2011.
[25]张昌利,张瑾瑾,刘海波.ADVISOR深度二次开发与双能量源纯电动汽车仿真[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,(9):3464-3471.Zhang Changli,Zhang Jinjin,Liu Haibo.Deep redevelopment of ADVI-SOR for simulation of pure electric vehicle with dual-source energy storage system[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,(9):3464-3471.
[26]王震坡,姚利民,孙逢春.纯电动汽车能耗经济性评价体系初步探讨[J].北京理工大学学报,2005,(6):479-482,486.Wang Zhenpo,Yao Limin,Sun Fengchun.Preliminary study on evaluation system of EV energy consumption economy[J].Transaction of Beijing Institute of Technology,2005,(6):479-482,486.
[2]Siang Fui Tie,Chee Wei Tan.A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2013,20(4):82-102.
[3]K.T.Chau,Y.S.Wong.Hybridization of energy sources in electric vehicles[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2001,42(9):1059-1069.
[4]Ziyou Song,Heath Hofmann,Jianqiu Li,et al.Optimization for a hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicles using dynamic programing approach[J].Applied Energy,2015,139:151-162.
[5]吴志伟,张建龙,吴红杰,等.低速电动汽车混合能源存储系统效率分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,(8):1304-1309.Wu Zhiwei,Zhang Jianlong,Wu Hongjie,et al.Efficiency analysis of hybrid energy storage system in light Electric vehicles[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2012,(8):1304-1309.
[6]闵海涛,刘杰,于远彬,等.混合动力汽车复合电源参数优化与试验研究[J].汽车工程,2011,(12):1078-1083.Min Haitao,Liu Jie,Yu Yuanbin,et al.Parameters optimization and experiment study on supercapcitor/battery hybrid energy storage for HEV[J].Automotive Engineering,2011,(12):1078-1083.
[7]王庆年,曲晓冬,于远彬.基于目标工况的复合电源混合动力客车优化匹配[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,(5):1153-1159.Wang Qingnian,Qu Xiaodong,Yu Yuanbin.Optimal matching of HEVwith composite electric power supply[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,(5):1153-1159.
[8]AndréAugusto Ferreira,JoséAntenor Pomilio,Giorgio Spiazzi,ea al.Energy Management Fuzzy Logic Supervisory for Electric Vehicle Power Supplies System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(1):107-115.
[9]杨培刚,周育才,刘志强,等.基于ADVISOR的纯电动汽车复合电源建模与仿真[J].电力科学与技术学报,2015,(3):66-71.Yang Peigang,Zhou Yucai,Liu Zhiqiang,et al.Modeling and simulation of pure electric vehicle with composite power source based on AD-VISOR[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2015,(3):66-71.
[10]王祥,孙玉坤,王琪.基于ADVISOR的混合动力汽车复合电源二次开发[J].电测与仪表,2014,(14):96-99,115.Wang Xiang,Sun Yukun,Wang Qi.Redevelopment of composite power source of hybrid electric vehicle based on ADVISOR[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2014,(14):96-99,115.
[11]Z.Tareq,N.Sulaiman,M.A.Hannan,et al.Fuzzy Logic Based Energy Management System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Review of Energy Technologies&Policy Research,2015,2.
[12]于远彬,王庆年.基于Advisor的仿真软件的二次开发及其在复合电源混合动力汽车上的应用[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2005,(4):353-357.Yu Yuanbin,Wang Qingnian.Redevelopment of HEV simulation software based on ADVISOR for HEV with synergic electric power supply system[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology E-dition),2005,(4):353-357.
[13]Ziyou Song,Heath Hofmann,Jianqiu Li,et al.Energy management strategies comparison for electric vehicles with hybrid energy storage system[J].Applied Energy,2014,134(C):321-331.
[14]石庆升,张承慧,崔纳新.新型双能量源纯电动汽车能量管理问题的优化控制[J].电工技术学报,2008,(8):137-142.Shi Qingsheng,Zhang Chenghui,Cui Naxin.Optimal control of energy management in novel electric vehicles with dual-souce energy storage system[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,(8):137-142.
[15]宋永华,阳岳希,胡泽春.电动汽车电池的现状及发展趋势[J].电网技术,2011,(4):1-7.Song Yonghua,Yang Yuexi,Hu Zhechun.Present status and development trend of batteries for electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2011,(4):1-7.
[16]Tinton Dwi Atmaja,Amin.Energy Storage System Using Battery and Ultracapacitor on Mobile Charging Station for Electric Vehicle[J].Energy Procedia,2015,68:429-437.
[17]Arturo Gonzalez-Gil,Roberto Palacin,Paul Batty.Sustainable urban rail systems:Strategies and technologies for optimal management of regenerative braking energy[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2013,75:374-388.
[18]叶敏,郭金刚.电动汽车再生制动及其控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2013.
[19]曾小华宫维钧.ADVISOR 2002电动汽车仿真与再开发应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[20]J.Cao,A.Emadi.A New Battery/Ultra Capacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric,Hybrid,and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,27(1):122-132.
[21]曹秉刚,曹建波,李军伟,等.超级电容在电动车中的应用研究[J].成都:西安交通大学学报,2008,(11):1317-1322.Cao Binggang,Cao Jianbo,Li Junwei,et al.Ultacapacitor with application to electric vehicle[J].Chengdu:Journal of Xian Jiaotong University,2008,(11):1317-1322.
[22]王晓峰.主从能源电动汽车能源匹配研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Wang Xiaofeng.The matching of energy sources in hybrid energy sources EV[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[23]胡建军,肖军,晏玖江.纯电动车车用复合储能装置控制策略及参数优化[J].重庆大学学报,2016,(1):1-11.Hu Jianjun,Xiao Jun,Yan Jiujiang.Contro strategy and parameter optimization of hybrid energy storge device for electric vehicles[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2016,(1):1-11.
[24]甄娜.面向后驱动复合电源电动汽车仿真的ADVISOR二次开发研究[D].西安:长安大学,2011.Zhen Na.The second development and research of ADVISOR for simulation of rear drive EV with synergic electric power system[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2011.
[25]张昌利,张瑾瑾,刘海波.ADVISOR深度二次开发与双能量源纯电动汽车仿真[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,(9):3464-3471.Zhang Changli,Zhang Jinjin,Liu Haibo.Deep redevelopment of ADVI-SOR for simulation of pure electric vehicle with dual-source energy storage system[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,(9):3464-3471.
[26]王震坡,姚利民,孙逢春.纯电动汽车能耗经济性评价体系初步探讨[J].北京理工大学学报,2005,(6):479-482,486.Wang Zhenpo,Yao Limin,Sun Fengchun.Preliminary study on evaluation system of EV energy consumption economy[J].Transaction of Beijing Institute of Technology,2005,(6):479-482,486.