Mapping global forest biomass and its changes over the first decade of the 21st century
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摘要
Forests played an important role in carbon sequestration during the past two decades. Using a model tree ensemble method(MTE) to regress the seven reflectance bands of EOS-Terra-MODIS satellite data against country level forest biomass carbon density(BCD) of 2001–2005 provided by United Nations' s Forest Resource Assessment(FRA), we developed a global map of forest BCD at 1 km×1 km resolution for both 2001–2005 and 2006–2010. For 2006–2010, the total global forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 279.6±7.1 Pg C, and the tropical forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 174.4±5.4 Pg C. During the first decade of the 21 st century, we estimated an increase of global forest biomass of 0.28±0.75 Pg C yr~(-1). Tropical forest biomass carbon stock slightly decreased(-0.31±0.60 Pg C yr~(-1)); by contrast, temperate and boreal forest biomass increased(0.58±0.28 Pg C yr~(-1)) during the same period. Our estimation of the global forest biomass carbon stock and its changes is subject to uncertainties due to lack of extensive ground measurements in the tropics, spatial heterogeneity in large countries, and different definitions of forest. The continuously monitoring of forest biomass carbon stock with MODIS satellite data will provide useful information for detecting forest changes.
Forests played an important role in carbon sequestration during the past two decades. Using a model tree ensemble method(MTE) to regress the seven reflectance bands of EOS-Terra-MODIS satellite data against country level forest biomass carbon density(BCD) of 2001–2005 provided by United Nations' s Forest Resource Assessment(FRA), we developed a global map of forest BCD at 1 km×1 km resolution for both 2001–2005 and 2006–2010. For 2006–2010, the total global forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 279.6±7.1 Pg C, and the tropical forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 174.4±5.4 Pg C. During the first decade of the 21 st century, we estimated an increase of global forest biomass of 0.28±0.75 Pg C yr~(-1). Tropical forest biomass carbon stock slightly decreased(-0.31±0.60 Pg C yr~(-1)); by contrast, temperate and boreal forest biomass increased(0.58±0.28 Pg C yr~(-1)) during the same period. Our estimation of the global forest biomass carbon stock and its changes is subject to uncertainties due to lack of extensive ground measurements in the tropics, spatial heterogeneity in large countries, and different definitions of forest. The continuously monitoring of forest biomass carbon stock with MODIS satellite data will provide useful information for detecting forest changes.
Forests played an important role in carbon sequestration during the past two decades. Using a model tree ensemble method(MTE) to regress the seven reflectance bands of EOS-Terra-MODIS satellite data against country level forest biomass carbon density(BCD) of 2001–2005 provided by United Nations' s Forest Resource Assessment(FRA), we developed a global map of forest BCD at 1 km×1 km resolution for both 2001–2005 and 2006–2010. For 2006–2010, the total global forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 279.6±7.1 Pg C, and the tropical forest biomass carbon stock is estimated as 174.4±5.4 Pg C. During the first decade of the 21 st century, we estimated an increase of global forest biomass of 0.28±0.75 Pg C yr~(-1). Tropical forest biomass carbon stock slightly decreased(-0.31±0.60 Pg C yr~(-1)); by contrast, temperate and boreal forest biomass increased(0.58±0.28 Pg C yr~(-1)) during the same period. Our estimation of the global forest biomass carbon stock and its changes is subject to uncertainties due to lack of extensive ground measurements in the tropics, spatial heterogeneity in large countries, and different definitions of forest. The continuously monitoring of forest biomass carbon stock with MODIS satellite data will provide useful information for detecting forest changes.
引文
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De Fries R S,Houghton R A,Hansen M C,Field C B,Skole D,Townshend J.2002.Carbon emissions from tropical deforestation and regrowth based on satellite observations for the 1980s and 1990s.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,99:14256-14261
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Fang J Y,Chen A P,Peng C H,Zhao S Q,Ci L J.2001.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998.Science,292:2320-2322
Fang J Y,Chen A P.2001.Dynamic forest biomass carbon pools in China and their significance.Acta Bot Sin,43:967-973
Fang J Y,Guo Z D,Piao S L,Chen A P.2007.Terrestrial vegetation carbon sinks in China,1981-2000.Sci China Ser D-Earth Sci,50:1341-1350
Gallaun H,Zanchi G,Nabuurs G J,Hengeveld G,Schardt M,Verkerk P J.2010.EU-wide maps of growing stock and above-ground biomass in forests based on remote sensing and field measurements.For Ecol Manage,260:252-261
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Houghton R A,Butman D,Bunn A G,Krankina O N,Schlesinger P,Stone T A.2007.Mapping Russian forest biomass with data from satellites and forest inventories.Environ Res Lett,2:045032
Houghton R A.2007.Balancing the global carbon budget.Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci,35:313-347
Huete A,Didan K,Miura T,Rodriguez E P,Gao X,Ferreira L G.2002.Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices.Remote Sens Environ,83:195-213
Jung M,Reichstein M,Bondeau A.2009.Towards global empirical upscaling of FLUXNET eddy covariance observations:Validation of a model tree ensemble approach using a biosphere model.Biogeosciences,6:2001-2013
Jung M,Reichstein M,Ciais P,Seneviratne S I,Sheffield J,Goulden M L,Bonan G,Cescatti A,Chen J,de J R,Dolman A J,Eugster W,Gerten D,Gianelle D,Gobron N,Heinke J,Kimball J,Law B E,Montagnani L,Mu Q,Mueller B,Oleson K,Papale D,Richardson A D,Roupsard O,Running S,Tomelleri E,Viovy N,Weber U,Williams C,Wood E,Zaehle S,Zhang K.2010.Recent decline in the global land evapotranspiration trend due to limited moisture supply.Nature,467:951-954
Kauppi P E,Ausubel J H,Fang J Y,Mather A S,Sedjo R A,Waggoner P E.2006.Returning forests analyzed with the forest identity.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,103:17574-17579
Kurz WA,Stinson G,Rampley G J,Dymond C C,Neilson E T.2008.Risk of natural disturbances makes future contribution of Canada’s forests to the global carbon cycle highly uncertain.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,105:1551-1555
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