青年篮球运动员低重心突破与防守的干预效果
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摘要
对上海青年篮球队的18名男运动员、16名女运动员进行为期12周的核心力量、弹跳力干预训练,并对干预训练前后运动员相关测试数据进行比较。结果显示:通过干预训练,男运动员的各项身体能力数据呈非常显著性差异,女运动员的测试数据呈非常显著性和显著性差异;干预训练后,男女运动员突破成功时的重心高度呈非常显著性和显著性降低,防守对方突破的成功率提高。提示:通过发展运动员的核心力量及弹跳力,可提高篮球运动员的动态稳定性、灵敏性及爆发力水平,进而使运动员在赛场上保持低重心姿势完成突破及防守对方突破的技术动作。
The study conducted the intervention training of 12-week core strength and jumping ability of 18 male players and 16 female players in Shanghai Junior Basketball Team,and compared the pre-test and post-test data as well. The results find that the physical ability of male players showed a significant difference while an obviously significant difference for female players.After the intervention training,there existed an obviously significant lowering and significant lowering of the gravity center for male and female players,respectively,with a higher success of the defense against the breakthrough of the opponents.The study suggests that the training of core strength and jumping can improve the players ' dynamic stability,agility and explosive levels,thus to keep the positioning of their lowcenter of gravity,which helps to complete the breakthrough or defense against the breakthrough of the opponents.
The study conducted the intervention training of 12-week core strength and jumping ability of 18 male players and 16 female players in Shanghai Junior Basketball Team,and compared the pre-test and post-test data as well. The results find that the physical ability of male players showed a significant difference while an obviously significant difference for female players.After the intervention training,there existed an obviously significant lowering and significant lowering of the gravity center for male and female players,respectively,with a higher success of the defense against the breakthrough of the opponents.The study suggests that the training of core strength and jumping can improve the players ' dynamic stability,agility and explosive levels,thus to keep the positioning of their lowcenter of gravity,which helps to complete the breakthrough or defense against the breakthrough of the opponents.
引文
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[11]SCOTT W S,RICK L W.Y-balance test:A reliability study involving multiple raters[J].Military Medicine,2013,178(11):1264-1270
[12]ROGRIO L D,EDUARDO A P S,MARCO T S D A.Analysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometry of the knee’s articulation and one-leg horizontal jump,hop test,in volleyball athletes[J].Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte,2005,11:255-258
[13]CESAR M,KAZUNORI N,JOHN C.Temporal and kinetic analysis of unilateral jumping in the vertical,horizontal,and lateral directions[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,2010(4):1-10
[14]PAUL R.Complete conditioning for tennis[M].[S.l.]:United States Tennis Association,1998:23-25
[15]GORAN M,DRAZAN D,IGOR J.Reliability and factorial validity of squat and counter movement jump tests[J].Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2004,18(3):551–555
[16]ROBERT G L,MATTHEW D J,SAMUEL J C.Planned and reactive agility performance in semi-professional and amateur basketball players[J].International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance,2014,9:766-771
[17]AMARPREET S,NAVDEEP S.Effects of plyometrics training programme on jumping ability of junior men basketball players[J].Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal,2015(7):359-364
[18]ABBAS A.Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training on jumping and agility performance of basketball players[J].Sport Sciences for Health,2013(9):133-137
[19]EVERETT A H,DAVID J G,PETER N F.Effects of two different eight-week training programs on military physical performance[J].The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2008,22(2):524-534
[20]THOMAS R B,ROGER W E.体能训练概论[M].上海:上海三联书店,2011:284-291
[21]FARAH H.Design a model for human body to determine the center of gravity[C].National Conference for Iraqi Women/Ministry of Science and Technology,2012:1-14
[22]陆爱云.运动生物力学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2010:31-44
[23]ANGELA E H,KEVIN G T,DUNCAN F,et al.Optimizing performance by improving core stability and core strength[J].Sports Medicine,2008,38(12):995-1008
[24]黎涌明.论核心力量及其在竞技体育中的训练:起源·问题·发展[J].体育科学,2008,28(4):19-29
[25]MILLER MG,HERNIMAN T J,RICARD MD,et al.The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility[J].Journal of Sports Science&Medicine,2006,5:459-465
[26]BALJINDER S B,PARMINDER J K,DAVINDER S.Effects of a short term plyometric training program of agility in young basketball players[J].Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity,2011,5(4):271-278
[27]BEN C,ABBAS A.Comparative effect of land-and aquatic-based plyometric training on jumping ability and agility of young basketball players[J].South African Journal for Research in Sport,Physical Education and Recreation,2012,34(2):1-14
[28]ABBAS A.Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training on jumping and agility performance of basketball players[J].Sport Sciences for Health,2013(9):133-137
[2]赵丕国,崔东宁.谈篮球运动持球突破技术[J].山东体育科技,2007,29(3):35-36
[3]柴建设,陈庆伟.第23届亚洲篮球锦标赛中国男子篮球队持球突破技术的比较研究[J].中国体育科技,2006,42(4):40-43
[4]滕朝阳.论篮球比赛中个人进攻战术行动[J].成都体育学院学报,2003,29(4):54-57
[5]王武年.当前世界高水平男子篮球运动防守特征研究[D].北京:北京体育大学,2006:3-23
[6]岳冀阳,陈树华,张锡庆.对优秀男子篮球运动员防守有球队员能力的研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2002,22(1):100-103
[7]刘宏超.篮球“三威胁”动作技术原理分析与研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2007:1-13
[8]王卫星,李海肖.竞技运动员的核心力量训练研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2007,30(8):1119-1123
[9]CHARLES B.Feasibility,validity,and reliability of the plank isometric hold as a field-based assessment of torso muscular endurance for children 8–12 years of age[J].Pediatric Exercise Science,2013,25:407-422
[10]STRAND S L,HJELMJ,SHOEPE T C.Norms for an isometric muscle endurance test[J].Journal of Human Kinetics,2014,40(1):93-102
[11]SCOTT W S,RICK L W.Y-balance test:A reliability study involving multiple raters[J].Military Medicine,2013,178(11):1264-1270
[12]ROGRIO L D,EDUARDO A P S,MARCO T S D A.Analysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometry of the knee’s articulation and one-leg horizontal jump,hop test,in volleyball athletes[J].Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte,2005,11:255-258
[13]CESAR M,KAZUNORI N,JOHN C.Temporal and kinetic analysis of unilateral jumping in the vertical,horizontal,and lateral directions[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,2010(4):1-10
[14]PAUL R.Complete conditioning for tennis[M].[S.l.]:United States Tennis Association,1998:23-25
[15]GORAN M,DRAZAN D,IGOR J.Reliability and factorial validity of squat and counter movement jump tests[J].Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2004,18(3):551–555
[16]ROBERT G L,MATTHEW D J,SAMUEL J C.Planned and reactive agility performance in semi-professional and amateur basketball players[J].International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance,2014,9:766-771
[17]AMARPREET S,NAVDEEP S.Effects of plyometrics training programme on jumping ability of junior men basketball players[J].Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal,2015(7):359-364
[18]ABBAS A.Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training on jumping and agility performance of basketball players[J].Sport Sciences for Health,2013(9):133-137
[19]EVERETT A H,DAVID J G,PETER N F.Effects of two different eight-week training programs on military physical performance[J].The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2008,22(2):524-534
[20]THOMAS R B,ROGER W E.体能训练概论[M].上海:上海三联书店,2011:284-291
[21]FARAH H.Design a model for human body to determine the center of gravity[C].National Conference for Iraqi Women/Ministry of Science and Technology,2012:1-14
[22]陆爱云.运动生物力学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2010:31-44
[23]ANGELA E H,KEVIN G T,DUNCAN F,et al.Optimizing performance by improving core stability and core strength[J].Sports Medicine,2008,38(12):995-1008
[24]黎涌明.论核心力量及其在竞技体育中的训练:起源·问题·发展[J].体育科学,2008,28(4):19-29
[25]MILLER MG,HERNIMAN T J,RICARD MD,et al.The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility[J].Journal of Sports Science&Medicine,2006,5:459-465
[26]BALJINDER S B,PARMINDER J K,DAVINDER S.Effects of a short term plyometric training program of agility in young basketball players[J].Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity,2011,5(4):271-278
[27]BEN C,ABBAS A.Comparative effect of land-and aquatic-based plyometric training on jumping ability and agility of young basketball players[J].South African Journal for Research in Sport,Physical Education and Recreation,2012,34(2):1-14
[28]ABBAS A.Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training on jumping and agility performance of basketball players[J].Sport Sciences for Health,2013(9):133-137