涠西南凹陷南斜坡晚始新世扇三角洲复杂储层预测关键技术及油气地质意义
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摘要
涠西南凹陷南斜坡晚始新世流一段时期发育自南向北推进的扇三角洲沉积,而内部多期朵叶体又具有纵向叠置、横向连片的特点,从其沉积内幕的复杂性和岩性圈闭难识别、难预测的特点入手,从层序约束下的砂体雕刻、复杂储层预测以及油气地质意义方面对该区细致剖析,逐一寻找垂向相序变化规律、优质储层的展布规律、油气富集规律,从而提升该区的整体评价价值。研究得出,该区流一段下部可细分为两个四级层序,共识别出5期三角洲朵叶体,13套纵横叠置的单砂体,而沉积水动力条件应是导致其非均质性强、物性差异的根本原因。结合油气成藏认识,首次提出自北向南三排构造的不同成藏主控因素和研究方向,对该区隐蔽圈闭的预测和精细评价具有一定的指导意义,也进一步夯实了涠西南增储稳产的信念。
Fan deltaic systems formed during the Liushagang Stage of Late Eocene are well developed on the southern slope of the Weixinan Depression from south to north.Multi-periodic deltaic lobes are superimposed in both vertical and horizontal sequences.Owing to the complexity of deposits,it is quite difficult to identify and predict lithologic traps in oil exploration.In this paper,we made detailed description of sand bodies,prediction of complex reservoir and evaluation of oil and gas geological systems under the constraints of sequence stratigraphy.The vertical change in facies sequences,the distribution pattern of high quality reservoirs,and the oil and gas enrichment zones are identified as the basis for further evaluation of the region.It is found by the research that there are two fourth order sequences in the lower part of the L1 Member,as well as five stages of delta lobes and thirteen single sand bodies are superimposed vertically and horizontally.The changes in depositional hydrodynamic conditions are supposed to be the basic reason leading to the strong heterogeneity and the physical differences of reservoirs.Based upon the study of major control factors of oil accumulation,we,for the first time,proposed three exploration zones in an order from north to south.The results are believed useful for future oil exploration and production in the Weixinan Depression.
Fan deltaic systems formed during the Liushagang Stage of Late Eocene are well developed on the southern slope of the Weixinan Depression from south to north.Multi-periodic deltaic lobes are superimposed in both vertical and horizontal sequences.Owing to the complexity of deposits,it is quite difficult to identify and predict lithologic traps in oil exploration.In this paper,we made detailed description of sand bodies,prediction of complex reservoir and evaluation of oil and gas geological systems under the constraints of sequence stratigraphy.The vertical change in facies sequences,the distribution pattern of high quality reservoirs,and the oil and gas enrichment zones are identified as the basis for further evaluation of the region.It is found by the research that there are two fourth order sequences in the lower part of the L1 Member,as well as five stages of delta lobes and thirteen single sand bodies are superimposed vertically and horizontally.The changes in depositional hydrodynamic conditions are supposed to be the basic reason leading to the strong heterogeneity and the physical differences of reservoirs.Based upon the study of major control factors of oil accumulation,we,for the first time,proposed three exploration zones in an order from north to south.The results are believed useful for future oil exploration and production in the Weixinan Depression.
引文
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[11]于建国,韩文功,王金铎,等.陆相断陷盆地砂岩储层横向预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.[YU Jianguo,HAN Wengong,WANG Jinduo,et al.Continental DownfaultedBasin Sandstone Reservoir Lateral Prediction[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.]
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[13]张宪军.复杂岩性储层约束地震反演技术[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.[ZHANG Xianjun.The Complex Lithology Reservoir Constraint Seismic Inversion Technique[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2006.]
[14]何家雄,张伟,颜文,等.中国近海盆地幕式构造演化及成盆类型与油气富集规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(2):121-134.[HE Jiaxiong,ZHANG Wei,YAN Wen,et al.Episodic tectonic evolution,basin types and hydrocarbon accumulation in Chinese marginal basins[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2014,34(2):121-134.]
[15]胡望水,吴婵,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地构造迁移特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(54):920-927.[HU Wangshui,WU Chan,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Tectonic transport characteristics and their influences on hydrocarbon accumulation in Beibuwan Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2011,32(54):920-927.]
[16]王修平,叶加仁,孙建峰,等.涠西南凹陷C洼油气成藏动力学过程与充注历史[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2010,30(5):101-107.[WANG Xiuping,YE Jiaren,SUN Jianfeng,et al.Dynamic processes of hydrocarbon accumulation and charging history of C sag in Weixinan Depression[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2010,30(5):101-107.]
[17]邹才能,陶士振,谷志东.陆相坳陷盆地层序地层格架下岩性地层圈闭/油藏类型与分布规律——以松辽盆地白垩系泉头组—嫩江组为例[J].地质科学,2006,41(4):711-719.[ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen,GU Zhidong.Types and distributions of litho-stratigraphic traps/reservoirs in sequence stratigraphic framework in continental depressional basin:Anexample from the cretaceous in the Songliao Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2006,41(4):711-719.]
[18]张俊,庞雄奇,姜振学,等.东营凹陷砂岩透镜体油气成藏机理及有利区预测[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2006,31(2):250-256.[ZHANG Jun,PANG Xiongqi,JIANG Zhenxue,et al.Main accumulation controlling factors and forecast of sand lens reservoir,Dongyingdepression,China[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2006,31(2):250-256.]
[19]林景晔,门广田,黄薇.砂岩透镜体岩性油气藏成藏机理与成藏模式探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004(1):5-9.[LIN Jingye,MEN Guangtian,HUANG Wei.Reservoir-forming mechanism and models for sandstone lenticular-body oiL/gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Oil field Development in Daqing,2004(1):5-9.]
[2]李思田,潘元林,陆永潮,等.断陷盆地隐蔽油藏预测及勘探的关键技术-高精度地震探测基础上的层序地层学研究[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):592-597.[LI Sitian,PAN Yuanlin,LU Yongchao,et al.Key technology of prospecting and exploration of subtle traps in lacustrine fault basins:Sequence stratigraphic researches on the basis of high resolution seismic survey[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002,27(5):592-597.]
[3]林畅松,张燕梅,刘景彦,等.高精度层序地层学和储层预测[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):111-112.[LIN Changsong,ZHANG Yanmei,LIU Jingyan,et al.High resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir prediction[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):111-112.]
[4]沈守文,彭大钧,颜其彬,等.层序地层学预测隐蔽油气藏的原理和方法[J].地球学报,2000,21(3):300-305.[SHEN Shouwen,PENG Dajun,YAN Qibin,et al.The application of sequence stratigraphy to subtletrap prediction:Its principle and method[J].Journal of Earth,2000,21(3):300-305.]
[5]Alejandro Escalona,Paul Mann.Sequence-stratigraphic analysis of Eocene clastic foreland basin deposits in central Lake Maracaibo using high-resolution well correlation and 3-D seismic data[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(4):581-623.
[6]Nummedal D,Riley G W,Cole R D,et al.The falling sea level systemstract in ramp settings(Abstract).Mesozoic of the Western Interior[C].Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists,Theme Meeting,Fort Collins,1992:50.
[7]陆光辉,朱玉波,张宏,等.隐蔽圈闭识别技术发展概述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(2):79-86.[LU Guanghui,ZHU Yubo,ZHANG Hong,et al.Review of identification technologies for subtle traps[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2004,27(2):79-86.]
[8]杜世通.层序框架下的地震高分辨率资料解释[J].油气地球物理,2004,2(4):66-77.[Du Shitong.High resolution seismic interpretationunder the frame of strata sequence[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2004,2(4):66-77.]
[9]李明,侯连华,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏地球物理勘探方法与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005:35-40.[LI Ming,HOU Lianhua,ZOU Caineng,et al.Lithologic Stratigraphic Reservoir Geophysical Prospecting Methods and Applications[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:35-40.]
[10]张守昌,李晨,张泽慧,等.地震技术在隐蔽油气藏勘探中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2001,8(3):13-15.[ZHANG Shouchang,LI Chen,ZHANG Zehui,et al.Application of seismic technology in exploration of subtle reservoir[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2001,8(3):13-15.]
[11]于建国,韩文功,王金铎,等.陆相断陷盆地砂岩储层横向预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.[YU Jianguo,HAN Wengong,WANG Jinduo,et al.Continental DownfaultedBasin Sandstone Reservoir Lateral Prediction[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.]
[12]Anjos S M C,DeRos L F,De Souza R S,et al.Depositional and diagenetic control on the reservoir quality of Lower Cretaceous Pendencia sandstones,Potiguar rift basin,Brazil[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(11):1719-1742.
[13]张宪军.复杂岩性储层约束地震反演技术[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.[ZHANG Xianjun.The Complex Lithology Reservoir Constraint Seismic Inversion Technique[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2006.]
[14]何家雄,张伟,颜文,等.中国近海盆地幕式构造演化及成盆类型与油气富集规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(2):121-134.[HE Jiaxiong,ZHANG Wei,YAN Wen,et al.Episodic tectonic evolution,basin types and hydrocarbon accumulation in Chinese marginal basins[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2014,34(2):121-134.]
[15]胡望水,吴婵,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地构造迁移特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(54):920-927.[HU Wangshui,WU Chan,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Tectonic transport characteristics and their influences on hydrocarbon accumulation in Beibuwan Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2011,32(54):920-927.]
[16]王修平,叶加仁,孙建峰,等.涠西南凹陷C洼油气成藏动力学过程与充注历史[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2010,30(5):101-107.[WANG Xiuping,YE Jiaren,SUN Jianfeng,et al.Dynamic processes of hydrocarbon accumulation and charging history of C sag in Weixinan Depression[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2010,30(5):101-107.]
[17]邹才能,陶士振,谷志东.陆相坳陷盆地层序地层格架下岩性地层圈闭/油藏类型与分布规律——以松辽盆地白垩系泉头组—嫩江组为例[J].地质科学,2006,41(4):711-719.[ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen,GU Zhidong.Types and distributions of litho-stratigraphic traps/reservoirs in sequence stratigraphic framework in continental depressional basin:Anexample from the cretaceous in the Songliao Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2006,41(4):711-719.]
[18]张俊,庞雄奇,姜振学,等.东营凹陷砂岩透镜体油气成藏机理及有利区预测[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2006,31(2):250-256.[ZHANG Jun,PANG Xiongqi,JIANG Zhenxue,et al.Main accumulation controlling factors and forecast of sand lens reservoir,Dongyingdepression,China[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2006,31(2):250-256.]
[19]林景晔,门广田,黄薇.砂岩透镜体岩性油气藏成藏机理与成藏模式探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004(1):5-9.[LIN Jingye,MEN Guangtian,HUANG Wei.Reservoir-forming mechanism and models for sandstone lenticular-body oiL/gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Oil field Development in Daqing,2004(1):5-9.]