地空量子通信流程构建及策略分析
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摘要
针对预警机的地空量子通信问题,首先对影响其传输信道的主要因素进行了分析。基于分析结果,构建一地空量子通信流程,可使地面站与预警机在双向对准和跟踪后进行量子态的无线传输;基于该通信流程搭建一地空量子广域网,网络由空中平台和地面通信端等设备组成,根据不同的通信节点剖析3种路由策略,验证其可行性;最后对量子比特传输错误率进行分析,仿真结果表明通过提高信道系数,缩小测量基的偏差角度以及减少纠缠交换、经典信息引起的差错率,可有效减小传输的误码率。
In view of air-to-ground quantum communication of the AEW platform, in this paper, the main factors influencing transmission channel are analyzed. On the basis, a process of air-to-ground quantum is constructed to facilitate two-way pointing and tracking, and then to fulfill the transmission of quantum bits. A quantum wide-area network can be established based on this communication process, which is composed of multiple air-platforms, ground stations and etc. Three kinds of routing strategies are proposed, and then analyzed based on the different communication nodes, and its feasibility is verified. Finally, the quantum bit error rate of the transmission is analyzed. The simulation results show that the improvement of channel coefficient, the reduction in the deviation angle of measurement based, error caused by entanglement swapping and classical information can result in a decrease of the transmission error rate.
In view of air-to-ground quantum communication of the AEW platform, in this paper, the main factors influencing transmission channel are analyzed. On the basis, a process of air-to-ground quantum is constructed to facilitate two-way pointing and tracking, and then to fulfill the transmission of quantum bits. A quantum wide-area network can be established based on this communication process, which is composed of multiple air-platforms, ground stations and etc. Three kinds of routing strategies are proposed, and then analyzed based on the different communication nodes, and its feasibility is verified. Finally, the quantum bit error rate of the transmission is analyzed. The simulation results show that the improvement of channel coefficient, the reduction in the deviation angle of measurement based, error caused by entanglement swapping and classical information can result in a decrease of the transmission error rate.
引文
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[2] 裴昌幸,朱畅华,聂敏,等.量子通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2013.PEI C X,ZHU C H,NIE M,et al.Quantum Communication[M].Xi’an:Xidian University Press,2013.(in Chinese)
[3] 吴华,王向斌,潘建伟.量子通信现状与展望[J].中国科学:信息科学,2014,44(3) :296-311.WU H,WANG X B,PAN J W.Quantum Communication:Status and Propects[J].Science Sinica Informationis,2014,44(3):296-311.(in Chinese)
[4] 尹浩,马怀新.军事量子通信概论[M].北京:军事科学出版社,2006:185-189.YIN H,MA H X.Introduction to Military Quantum Communication[M].Beijing:Military Science Publishing House,2006:185-189.(in Chinese)
[5] PATEL K A,DYNES J F,CHOI I,et al.Coexistence of High-Bit-Rate Quantum Key Distribution and Data on Optical Fiber[J].Physical Review X,2012,2(4):773-777.
[6] 阎毅.自由空间量子通信若干问题研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2009.YAN Y.Research on Quantum Communication in Free Space[D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2009.(in Chinese)
[7] 亓波.量子通信光学地面站ATP关键技术研究[D].中国科学院大学,2014.QI B.Study on Acquisition,Tracking and Pointing Key Technology of Optical Ground Station for Quantum Communication [D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014.(in Chinese)
[8] 杨海马.自由空间量子密钥分配中运动平台姿态跟踪关键技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2015.YANG H M.Research on the Key Technology of Motion Platform Attitude Tracking in Free Space Quantum Key Distribution [D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Science,2015.(in Chinese)
[9] 任杰,聂敏,杨光,等.自然环境中多因子对自由空间量子通信性能的影响[J].光子学报,2015,44(12):140-144.REN J,NIE M,YANG G,et al.Effects of Multiple Factors in Natural Environment on Quantum Communication Performance in Free Space[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2015,44(12):140-144.(in Chinese)
[10] YIN J,REN J G,LU H,et al.Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement Distribution over 100-Kilometre Free-Space Channels[J].Nature,2012,488(7410):185-188.
[11] NAUERTH S,MOLL F,RAU M,et al.Air-to-Ground Quantum Communication[J].Nature Photonics,2013,7(5):382-386.
[12] MOLL F,WEINFURTER H,RAU M,et al.Aerospace Laser Communications Technology as Enabler for Worldwide Quantum Key Distribution[C]//SPIE 9900,Quantum Optics.Brussels,Belgium:SPIE,2016:232-241.
[13] MOLL F,NAUERTH S,FUCHS C,et al.Communication System Technology for Demonstration of BB84 Quantum Key Distribution in Optical Aircraft Downlinks[M]// Proceedings of SPIE:The International Society for Optical Engineering,2012.
[14] STACEY D.Aeronautical Radio Communication Systems and Networks[M].New Jersey:John Wiley & Sons,2008.
[15] LONG M L.Airborne Early Warning System Concepts[M].[S.l.]:Lincoln Laboratory,2004.
[16] 闵星,李兴财,李新碗,等.带电沙尘暴对电磁波传播过程的影响[J].光学学报,2015,35(1):405-412.MIN X,LI X C,LI X W,et al.Effect of Charged Sandstorm on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(1):405-412.(in Chinese)
[17] 蔡嘉,高隽,范之国,等.湿度影响下的气溶胶粒子的偏振特性[J].发光学报,2013,34(5):639-644.CAI J,GAO J,FAN Z G,et al.The Polarization Characteristic Research of Aerosol Particles Under The Humidity Influence [J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2013,34(5):639-644.(in Chinese)
[18] 沈法华,王忠纯,刘成林,等.米氏散射多普勒激光雷达探测大气风场[J].光学学报,2010,30(6):1537-1541.SHEN F H,WANG Z C,LIU C L,et al.Measurement on Wind Field with Mie Doppler Lidar [J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(6):1537-1541.(in Chinese)
[19] 钱锋.星地量子通信高精度ATP系统研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2014.QIAN F.Research on the High Precision ATP System in Satellite-to-Earth Quantum Communications [D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014.(in Chinese)
[20] BENNETT C H,BRASSARD G,CRéPEAU C,et al.Teleporting an Unknown Quantum State via Dual Classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Channels[J].Physical Review Letters,1993,70(13):1895.
[21] 藤颖蕾,宋梅,刘梦婷.蜂窝异构网络基础理论及其关键技术[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2016:223.TENG Y L,SONG M,LIU M T.Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies of Cellular Heterogeneous Networks[M].Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Press,2016:223.(in Chinese)
[22] 张帅,吴军,张欢,等.基于纠缠交换协议的令牌环局域网络传输模型[J].空军工程大学学报(自然科学版),2017,18(4):46-52.ZHANG S,WU J,ZHANG H,et al.Transmission Model of LAN of Token-Ring Based on Quantum Entanglement Swapping Protocol [J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University(Natural Science Edition),2017,18(4):46-52.(in Chinese)