查干凹陷油气地质特征与勘探发现
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摘要
查干凹陷是银根—额济纳旗盆地勘探程度较高的凹陷之一,由于受火山岩和构造多期活动的影响,地质条件十分复杂,同时凹陷储集砂体薄、横向变化快,寻找优质储量的难度相当大。通过对查干凹陷油气地质特征的综合分析,认为烃源岩展布控制了油气分布,油气具有近源环洼分布的特点;凹陷的结构控制了油气的优势运移方向,长期活动的断层提供了油气运移的有效通道,有效储层控制了油气的富集程度,具有自生自储和下生上储两种油气成藏模式。在这一认识指导下,查干凹陷发现了上、中、下3套成藏组合、5套含油层系,探明了吉祥、如意两个油田,取得了丰硕的勘探成果。
The Chagan sag is one of sags that are highly explored in the Yingen-Ejina Banner Basin. Affected by volcanic rock and multi-stage tectonic activities, its geological conditions are complex, and its reservoir sands are thin and quickly change in lateral direction, which make it diffi cult to fi nd high-quality reserves. Through comprehensive analysis of the petroleum geologic features in the Chagan sag, it is believed that the source rock distribution controls the oil and gas distribution – oil and gas are mainly distributed near source and around depression. The structure of the sag controls the dominant migration direction of oil and gas, the long-active faults provide effective channels for oil and gas migration, and the effective reservoir controls the oil and gas enrichment degree. Two hydrocarbon accumulation patterns are formed, i.e. self-generating and self-preserving type, and lower-generating and upper-preserving type. On this basis, fruitful exploration results have been achieved in the Chagan sag. For example, 3 hydrocarbon accumulation associations(upper, middle and lower) and 5 oil-bearing series are found and the Jixiang and Ruyi oilfi elds are proven.
The Chagan sag is one of sags that are highly explored in the Yingen-Ejina Banner Basin. Affected by volcanic rock and multi-stage tectonic activities, its geological conditions are complex, and its reservoir sands are thin and quickly change in lateral direction, which make it diffi cult to fi nd high-quality reserves. Through comprehensive analysis of the petroleum geologic features in the Chagan sag, it is believed that the source rock distribution controls the oil and gas distribution – oil and gas are mainly distributed near source and around depression. The structure of the sag controls the dominant migration direction of oil and gas, the long-active faults provide effective channels for oil and gas migration, and the effective reservoir controls the oil and gas enrichment degree. Two hydrocarbon accumulation patterns are formed, i.e. self-generating and self-preserving type, and lower-generating and upper-preserving type. On this basis, fruitful exploration results have been achieved in the Chagan sag. For example, 3 hydrocarbon accumulation associations(upper, middle and lower) and 5 oil-bearing series are found and the Jixiang and Ruyi oilfi elds are proven.
引文
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[8]陈建平,何忠华,魏志彬,等.银根—额济纳旗盆地查干凹陷原油地化特征及油源对比[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):299-305.Chen Jianping,He Zhonghua,Wei Zhibin,et al.Geochemical characteristics of oil and source rock correlation in the Chagan sag of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin,China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica 2001,19(2):299-305.
[9]康素芳,向宝力,廖健德,等.准噶尔盆地南缘三叠系烃源岩地球化学特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(2):43-52.Kang Sufang,Xiang Baoli,Liao Jiande,et al.Organic geochemistry of Triassic source rock in the southern Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2012,34(2):43-52.
[10]李聪,王德仁,蒋飞虎.查干凹陷巴音隔壁组沉积演化及有利砂体分布预测[J].中国地质,2013,40(4):1169-1179.Li Cong,Wang Deren,Jiang Feihu.The sedimentation evolution and favorable sand body distribution prognosis in Chagan sag of Bayingebi Formation[J].Geology in China,2013,40(4):1169-1179.
[11]陈建平,刘明明,刘传虎,等.深水环境层序边界及体系域的划分——以银根盆地查干凹陷下白垩统为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):27-29.Chen Jianping,Liu Mingming,Liu Chuanhu,et al.Division of the sequence boundaries and system tracts in deepwater environment—a case study on the Lower Cretaceous in Chagan sag,Yin’gen Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(1):27-29.
[12]王惠民,靳涛,高志前,等.查干凹陷碎屑岩储集层特征及有利区带预测[J].新疆石油天然气,2005,1(1):43-47.Wang Huimin,Jin Tao,Gao Zhiqian,et al.The reservoir characteristics of clasolite and the forecast of advantaged zones in Chagan depression[J].Xinjiang Oil and Gas,2005,1(1):43-47.
[13]李仁甫,陈清棠,范迎风,等.内蒙古查干凹陷下白垩统层序地层格架与沉积体系分布[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):783-790.Li Renfu,Chen Qingtang,Fan Yingfeng,et al.Sequence stratigraphic framework and of the Lower Cretaceous in Chagan sedimentary facies distribution depression,Inner Mongolia[J].Geosince,2009,23(5):783-790.
[14]洪雪,赵洪伟,沙娟芳.彰武断陷沙海组碎屑岩储层成岩作用及对储层物性的影响[J].世界地质,2011,30(3):410-414.Hong Xue,Zhao Hongwei,Sha Juanfang.Diagenesis of clastic rock reservoirs and its influence to reservoir physical property in Shahai Formation,Zhangwu depression[J].Global Geology,2011,30(3):410-414.
[15]王新民,郭彦如,马龙,等.银—额盆地侏罗、白垩系油气超系统特征及其勘探方向[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):490-495.Wang Xinmin,Guo Yanru,Ma Long,et al.Yin’e Basin:characters of Jurassic and Cretaceous petroleum super system and prospecting area[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2001,16(4):490-495.
[16]王国力,吴茂炳.查干凹陷下白垩统含油气系统特征及勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):366-369.Wang Guoli,Wu Maobing.Characteristics of Lower Cretaceous petroleum system in Chagan sag and exploration direction[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(3):366-369.
[17]陆加敏,刘超.断陷盆地致密砂砾岩气成藏条件和资源潜力——以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷下白垩统沙河子组为例[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):53-60.Lu Jiamin,Liu Chao.Accumulation conditions and resource potential of tight glutenite gas in fault depression basins:a case study on Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,Songliao Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(2):53-60.
[2]徐会永,蒋有录,张立强,等.查干凹陷构造样式及其构造演化[J].油气地质与采收率[J].2008,15(4):13-15.Xu Huiyong,Jiang Youlu,Zhang Liqiang,et al.Structural stylesand evolution characteristics of Chagan depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2008,15(4):13-15.
[3]卫平生,张虎权,陈启林.银根—额济纳旗盆地油气地质特征及勘探前景[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:1-345.Wei Pingsheng,Zhang Huquan,Chen Qilin.The oil and gas geological characteristics and exploration prospect in YingenEjinaqi Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press 2006:1-345.
[4]郭彦如,于均民,樊太亮.查干凹陷下白垩统层序地层格架与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):166-182.Guo Yanru,Yu Junmin,Fan Tailiang.Evolution and sequence stratigraphic framework of lower Cretaceous in Chagan depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(2):166-182.
[5]杨国臣,焦大庆,肖斌,等.内蒙古银根—额济纳旗盆地查干凹陷构造—层序—沉积特征盆地原型及其成因机制[J].古地理学报,2013,15(3):305-316.Yang Guochen,Jiao Daqing,Xiao Bin,et al.Tectonosequence-sedimentary characteristics,basin prototypes and their genetic mechanisms in Chagan sag of Yin-E Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2013,15(3):305-316.
[6]林卫东.查干凹陷原油地球化学特征与油源对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):249-251.Lin Weidong,Geochemical characteristics of crude oil and correlation of oil source in Chagan sag[J],Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(3):249-251.
[7]叶加仁,杨香华.银—额盆地查干凹陷温压场特征及其油气地质意义[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):15-18.Ye Jiaren,Yang Xianghua.Characteristics of the temperature and pressure fields in Chagan sag of Yingen-Ejina banner basin and their petroleum geological significance[J].Natural Gas Industry 2003,23(2):15-18.
[8]陈建平,何忠华,魏志彬,等.银根—额济纳旗盆地查干凹陷原油地化特征及油源对比[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):299-305.Chen Jianping,He Zhonghua,Wei Zhibin,et al.Geochemical characteristics of oil and source rock correlation in the Chagan sag of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin,China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica 2001,19(2):299-305.
[9]康素芳,向宝力,廖健德,等.准噶尔盆地南缘三叠系烃源岩地球化学特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(2):43-52.Kang Sufang,Xiang Baoli,Liao Jiande,et al.Organic geochemistry of Triassic source rock in the southern Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2012,34(2):43-52.
[10]李聪,王德仁,蒋飞虎.查干凹陷巴音隔壁组沉积演化及有利砂体分布预测[J].中国地质,2013,40(4):1169-1179.Li Cong,Wang Deren,Jiang Feihu.The sedimentation evolution and favorable sand body distribution prognosis in Chagan sag of Bayingebi Formation[J].Geology in China,2013,40(4):1169-1179.
[11]陈建平,刘明明,刘传虎,等.深水环境层序边界及体系域的划分——以银根盆地查干凹陷下白垩统为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):27-29.Chen Jianping,Liu Mingming,Liu Chuanhu,et al.Division of the sequence boundaries and system tracts in deepwater environment—a case study on the Lower Cretaceous in Chagan sag,Yin’gen Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(1):27-29.
[12]王惠民,靳涛,高志前,等.查干凹陷碎屑岩储集层特征及有利区带预测[J].新疆石油天然气,2005,1(1):43-47.Wang Huimin,Jin Tao,Gao Zhiqian,et al.The reservoir characteristics of clasolite and the forecast of advantaged zones in Chagan depression[J].Xinjiang Oil and Gas,2005,1(1):43-47.
[13]李仁甫,陈清棠,范迎风,等.内蒙古查干凹陷下白垩统层序地层格架与沉积体系分布[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):783-790.Li Renfu,Chen Qingtang,Fan Yingfeng,et al.Sequence stratigraphic framework and of the Lower Cretaceous in Chagan sedimentary facies distribution depression,Inner Mongolia[J].Geosince,2009,23(5):783-790.
[14]洪雪,赵洪伟,沙娟芳.彰武断陷沙海组碎屑岩储层成岩作用及对储层物性的影响[J].世界地质,2011,30(3):410-414.Hong Xue,Zhao Hongwei,Sha Juanfang.Diagenesis of clastic rock reservoirs and its influence to reservoir physical property in Shahai Formation,Zhangwu depression[J].Global Geology,2011,30(3):410-414.
[15]王新民,郭彦如,马龙,等.银—额盆地侏罗、白垩系油气超系统特征及其勘探方向[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):490-495.Wang Xinmin,Guo Yanru,Ma Long,et al.Yin’e Basin:characters of Jurassic and Cretaceous petroleum super system and prospecting area[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2001,16(4):490-495.
[16]王国力,吴茂炳.查干凹陷下白垩统含油气系统特征及勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):366-369.Wang Guoli,Wu Maobing.Characteristics of Lower Cretaceous petroleum system in Chagan sag and exploration direction[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(3):366-369.
[17]陆加敏,刘超.断陷盆地致密砂砾岩气成藏条件和资源潜力——以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷下白垩统沙河子组为例[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):53-60.Lu Jiamin,Liu Chao.Accumulation conditions and resource potential of tight glutenite gas in fault depression basins:a case study on Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,Songliao Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(2):53-60.