高精度光纤光栅传感技术及其在地球物理勘探、地震观测和海洋领域中的应用
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摘要
随着特种光纤光栅刻写制作技术以及信号解调技术的发展,光纤光栅传感器的测量精度和测量频带不断得到提升,这大大促进了其在地球物理勘探、地震观测以及海洋观测等具有高精度探测需求的领域中的应用。当前,高精度宽频带光纤光栅传感器的发展依然面临一些核心器件与关键技术方面的挑战,包括高精细度光纤光栅谐振腔、低噪声窄线宽可调谐激光光源等核心器件,高精度宽频带光纤光栅波长解调技术、大规模组网技术、高灵敏度信号拾取探头设计等关键技术。本文首先介绍了高精度光纤光栅传感技术的发展概况,然后重点阐述高精度光纤光栅传感系统所需的核心器件与关键技术,并对其在地球物理勘探、地震观测和海洋观测中的应用情况进行分析探讨,最后对高精度光纤光栅传感技术及其应用作了展望。本文旨在分析总结高精度光纤光栅传感技术及其应用中涉及的一些核心技术和急需解决的关键问题,以期为该项技术的发展和应用提供借鉴。
With the development of fiber Bragg grating(FBG) and FBG based resonant cavity writing and signal demodulation technique, the measurement precision and frequency bandwidth of FBG sensor continue to be improved. It can highly promote its application in several fields of high precision detection requirements, such as geophysical exploration, seismic observation and marine observation. At present, the development of high-precision and wide bandwidth FBG sensors still face some challenges of key devices and techniques, including high-fineness FBG based resonant and low-noise narrow-linewidth tunable laser, high-precision broadband FBG wavelength demodulation technique, large-scale networking technique and high-sensitivity signal pickup probe design. Firstly, this paper introduces the development of high-precision FBG sensing technique. Secondly, it focuses on the cord devices and key techniques required for high-precision FBG sensing system and their applications in geophysical exploration, seismic observations and ocean observations. Finally, the high-precision FBG sensing technique and its application are prospected. In order to provide references for the development and application of high-precision fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, this paper aims to analyze and summarize some of the core techniques involved in high-precision FBG sensing technique and its application and the key issues that need to be solved.
With the development of fiber Bragg grating(FBG) and FBG based resonant cavity writing and signal demodulation technique, the measurement precision and frequency bandwidth of FBG sensor continue to be improved. It can highly promote its application in several fields of high precision detection requirements, such as geophysical exploration, seismic observation and marine observation. At present, the development of high-precision and wide bandwidth FBG sensors still face some challenges of key devices and techniques, including high-fineness FBG based resonant and low-noise narrow-linewidth tunable laser, high-precision broadband FBG wavelength demodulation technique, large-scale networking technique and high-sensitivity signal pickup probe design. Firstly, this paper introduces the development of high-precision FBG sensing technique. Secondly, it focuses on the cord devices and key techniques required for high-precision FBG sensing system and their applications in geophysical exploration, seismic observations and ocean observations. Finally, the high-precision FBG sensing technique and its application are prospected. In order to provide references for the development and application of high-precision fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, this paper aims to analyze and summarize some of the core techniques involved in high-precision FBG sensing technique and its application and the key issues that need to be solved.
引文
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[22]Arie A,Lissak B,Tur M.Static fiber-Bragg grating strain sensing using frequency-locked lasers[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,1999,17(10):1849-1855.
[23]Chow J H,Littler I C M,De Vine G,et al.Phase-sensitive interrogation of fiber Bragg grating resonators for sensing applications[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2005,23(5):1881-1889.
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[25]Gagliardi G,Salza M,Ferraro P,et al.Fiber Bragg-grating strain sensor interrogation using laser radio-frequency modulation[J].Optics Express,2005,13(7):2377-2384.
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[27]Lam T T Y,Chow J H,Shaddock D A,et al.High-resolution absolute frequency referenced fiber optic sensor for quasi-static strain sensing[J].Applied Optics,2010,49(21):4029-4033.
[28]Gagliardi G,Salza M,Avino S,et al.Probing the ultimate limit of fiber-optic strain sensing[J].Science,2010,330(6007):1081-1084.
[29]Liu Q W,Tokunaga T,He Z Y.Realization of Nano static strain sensing with fiber Bragg gratings interrogated by narrow linewidth tunable lasers[J].Optics Express,2011,19(21):20214-20223.
[30]Liu Q W,Tokunaga T,He Z Y.Ultra-high-resolution large-dynamic-range optical fiber static strain sensor using Pound-Drever-Hall technique[J].Optics Letters,2011,36(20):4044-4046.
[31]Malara P,Mastronardi L,Campanella C E,et al.Split-mode fiber Bragg grating sensor for high-resolution static strain measurements[J].Optics Letters,2014,39(24):6899-6902.
[32]Chen J G,Liu Q W,He Z Y.Time-domain multiplexed high resolution fiber optics strain sensor system based on temporal response of fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers[J].Optics Express,2017,25(18):21914?21925.
[33]Huang W Z,Zhang W T,Zhen T K,et al.A cross-correlation method in wavelet domain for demodulation of FBG-FP static-strain sensors[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2014,26(16):1597-1600.
[34]Huang W Z,Zhang W T,Zhen T K,et al.π-phase-shifted FBGfor high-resolution static-strain measurement based on wavelet threshold denoising algorithm[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2014,32(22):3692-3698.
[35]Huang W Z,Zhang W T,Li F.Swept optical SSB-SC modulation technique for high-resolution large-dynamic-range static strain measurement using FBG-FP sensors[J].Optics Letters,2015,40(7):1406-1409.
[36]Yoshino T,Kurosawa K,Itoh K,et al.Fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer and its sensor applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,1982,30(10):1612?1621.
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[38]Tsai W H,Lin C J.A novel structure for the intrinsic Fabry-Perot fiber-optic temperature sensor[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2001,19(5):682?686.
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[41]R?nnekleiv E.Frequency and intensity noise of single frequency fiber Bragg grating lasers[J].Optical Fiber Technology,2001,7(3):206-235.
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