重金属Cd、Zn、Pb在合肥市城郊蔬菜中的富集及健康风险评价
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摘要
目的:了解合肥市城郊农田土壤蔬菜中重金属污染状况。方法:以合肥市郊某普通农田蔬菜地芹菜、茼蒿、白菜、莴笋、蚕豆为研究对象,考察重金属Cd、Zn、Pb在不同蔬菜中的富集特征和健康风险水平。结果:不同蔬菜可食用部分中Cd、Zn、Pb含量相差较大,对重金的富集系数为0.021～0.585。5种蔬菜中,重金属Cd的含量低于国家食品中污染物限定值;重金属Pb的含量高于国家食品中污染物限定值4～18倍,对人体健康有风险。结论:蔬菜中重金属主要来源可能是浇灌所用的南淝河水。
Objective: Understand the heavy metal pollution status in the farmland' s vegetables in the suburb of Hefei. Method: Take the celery, garland chrysanthemum, cabbage, lettuce and broad bean from a common farmland in the suburb of Hefei as the object of research to learn the enrichment characteristics and health risk levels of heavy metal content of Cd, Zn and Pb in different vegetables. Result: The content of Cd, Zn and Pb in edible portions of different vegetables vary greatly, and the heavy metal' s enrichment coefficient varies from 0.021 to 0.585. Among the 5 vegetables, the content of heavy metal Cd is lower than the national limit of pollutants in food, while the content of heavy metal Pb is not that promising, varying from 4 times to 18 times higher than the national limit, which is risky to physical health. Conclusion: The possible source of heavy metal in the vegetable can be the Nanfei River used to irrigate the vegetables.
Objective: Understand the heavy metal pollution status in the farmland' s vegetables in the suburb of Hefei. Method: Take the celery, garland chrysanthemum, cabbage, lettuce and broad bean from a common farmland in the suburb of Hefei as the object of research to learn the enrichment characteristics and health risk levels of heavy metal content of Cd, Zn and Pb in different vegetables. Result: The content of Cd, Zn and Pb in edible portions of different vegetables vary greatly, and the heavy metal' s enrichment coefficient varies from 0.021 to 0.585. Among the 5 vegetables, the content of heavy metal Cd is lower than the national limit of pollutants in food, while the content of heavy metal Pb is not that promising, varying from 4 times to 18 times higher than the national limit, which is risky to physical health. Conclusion: The possible source of heavy metal in the vegetable can be the Nanfei River used to irrigate the vegetables.
引文
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[13]李如忠,潘成荣,徐晶晶,等.典型有色金属矿业城市零星菜地蔬菜重金属濡染及健康风险评估[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):1076-1085.
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[15]程家丽,张贤辉,唐振武,等.淮南煤矿区蔬菜重金属污染特征及其健康风险[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(2):127-130.
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[2]朱兰保,盛蒂,马莉,等.安徽省城市地表灰尘重金属污染及人体健康风险评价[J].地球与环境,2019,47(1):97-104.
[3]李玉,冯志华,李谷祺,等.海产品中重金属Hg、Cd、Pb对人体健康的潜在风险评价[J].食品科学,2010,31(21):390-393.
[4]陈同斌,宋波,郑袁明,等.北京市菜地土壤和蔬菜铅含量及其健康风险评估[J].中国农业科学,2006(8):1589-1597.
[5]杨阳,王洋,崔政武,等.长春市城郊蔬菜-土壤系统重金属分布特征及生态风险评价[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(2):103-110.
[6]USEPA.Risk based concentration table[EB].1989 EPA/540/189/002 http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/human/index.
[7]US EPA.Risk based concentration table[EB/OL].[2012-03-18].http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/human/index.
[8]Bo Song,Mei Lei,Tongbin Chen,et al.Assessing the health risk of heavy metals in vegetables to the general population in Beijing,
[9]Wang Yanchun,Qiao Min,Liu Yunxia,et al.Health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from wastewater irrigated area,Beijing-Tianjin city cluster,China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2012,24(4):690-698.
[10]USEPA.United State Environmental Protection Agency Intergrayed Risk Information System[EB].1997 EPA-452/R-97-007.http://www.epa.gov/iris/index
[11]Paustenbach D J.Human and ecological risk assessment:theory and practice[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,2002.朱江,李国秀,周
[12]马瑾,周永章,窦磊,等.汕头韩江三角洲南部蔬菜重金属污染及因素分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(1):71-77.
[13]李如忠,潘成荣,徐晶晶,等.典型有色金属矿业城市零星菜地蔬菜重金属濡染及健康风险评估[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):1076-1085.
[14]吴启堂,黄国锋,蒋成爱.无公害蔬菜生产基地环境质量评价[C]//无公害农产品生产开发与管理论文集[C].中国农业生态环境保护协会,2000.
[15]程家丽,张贤辉,唐振武,等.淮南煤矿区蔬菜重金属污染特征及其健康风险[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(2):127-130.
[16]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 2762-2017食品中污染物限量[S].北京:中国国家标准出版社,2017.
[17]辛素贤.国内锌营养研究的新进展[J].中国公共卫生,1998,14(12):755-756.