中国15岁及以上人群归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率分析
|
摘要
目的:描述我国15岁及以上人群中归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率及其分布特征,为精神残疾预防和康复提供依据。方法:对第二次全国残疾人抽样调查的数据进行统计分析。以全部调查人群中由于精神病性障碍所致残疾的患者所占比例作为归因残疾率的计算公式。以校正标准误后的Poisson回归模型估计患病率比(PR)为指标分析归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾各相关因素的影响作用。结果:归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率为4.16‰,其中,归因于精神分裂症的精神残疾率为3.75‰。归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾的程度高于归因于非精神病性障碍的精神残疾。女性(PR=1.50),年龄大(30～49岁组PR=12.78,50～64岁组PR=13.90,65岁及以上组PR=6.56)、未婚者(PR=11.74)和离异或丧偶人群(PR=3.22),居住在西部地区者(PR=1.09)归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率较高,非汉族人群(PR=0.74),初中教育程度人群(PR=0.82),非农业人口(PR=0.81)归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率较低。结论:归因于精神病性障碍的精神残疾率较高,女性、年龄较大者、婚姻不稳定、西部地区人群、汉族以及农业人口是精神病性障碍所致精神残疾防治的重点人群。
Objective:To describe the prevalence and characteristics of mental disability attributed to psychosis among persons aged 15 years and over in China,so as to provide scientific evidences for prevention and rehabilitation of mental disability.Methods:It was a secondary data analysis using data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability.Prevalence of disability attributed to psychosis was the ratio of the number of disable persons due to psychosis to the number of total population.Prevalence ratios(PR) were estimated from Poisson regression with robust variance for the independent effects of related factors on the prevalence of mental disability attributed to psychosis.Results:The mental disability attributed to psychosis was 4.16‰.Among all types of psychosis,mental disability attributed to schizophrenia was the highest(3.75‰).And the severity of mental disability attributed to psychosis was higher than that of non-psychosis disorders.Female(PR=1.50),persons with older age(PR for persons aged 30-49 years,50-64 years,and 65 years and over were 12.78,13.90 and 6.56 respectively),persons never married(PR=11.74),or divorced or widowed(PR=3.22),and people living in western areas(PR=1.09) had higher prevalence of mental disability attributed to psychosis,while persons from minority ethnic groups(PR=0.74),finished junior high school(PR=0.82),and population with non-agriculture household registrations(PR=0.81) had lower prevalence.Conclusion:Attention should be paid to disability prevention and rehabilitation in Chinese adults with mental disability attributed to psychosis.Women,older persons,unstable marriage status,living in western area,Han ethnic group,and people with agriculture household registrations should be the key population for the prevention and treatment of mental disability attributable to psychosis.
Objective:To describe the prevalence and characteristics of mental disability attributed to psychosis among persons aged 15 years and over in China,so as to provide scientific evidences for prevention and rehabilitation of mental disability.Methods:It was a secondary data analysis using data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability.Prevalence of disability attributed to psychosis was the ratio of the number of disable persons due to psychosis to the number of total population.Prevalence ratios(PR) were estimated from Poisson regression with robust variance for the independent effects of related factors on the prevalence of mental disability attributed to psychosis.Results:The mental disability attributed to psychosis was 4.16‰.Among all types of psychosis,mental disability attributed to schizophrenia was the highest(3.75‰).And the severity of mental disability attributed to psychosis was higher than that of non-psychosis disorders.Female(PR=1.50),persons with older age(PR for persons aged 30-49 years,50-64 years,and 65 years and over were 12.78,13.90 and 6.56 respectively),persons never married(PR=11.74),or divorced or widowed(PR=3.22),and people living in western areas(PR=1.09) had higher prevalence of mental disability attributed to psychosis,while persons from minority ethnic groups(PR=0.74),finished junior high school(PR=0.82),and population with non-agriculture household registrations(PR=0.81) had lower prevalence.Conclusion:Attention should be paid to disability prevention and rehabilitation in Chinese adults with mental disability attributed to psychosis.Women,older persons,unstable marriage status,living in western area,Han ethnic group,and people with agriculture household registrations should be the key population for the prevention and treatment of mental disability attributable to psychosis.
引文
[1] American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)[M].Washington DC:American Psychiatric Association,1994.
[2] World Health Organization.The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders:diagnostic criteria for research[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,1995.
[3] 中华医学会精神科分会.中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版(CCMD-3)[M].济南:山东科学技术出版社,2001.
[4] 孙玉静,周郁秋,王丽娜,等.精神分裂症患者精神残疾评估方法及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国护理管理,2014,14(3):257-260.
[5] 第二次全国残疾人抽样调查办公室.第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据手册[M].北京:华夏出版社,2007.
[6] 王莲娥,周洁,金欢.世界卫生组织残疾评定量表第2版中文版在精神残疾评定中的信效度检验[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(2):121-125.
[7] Barros AJD,Hirakata VN.Alternatives for logistic regression in cross-sectional studies:an empirical comparison of models that directly estimate the prevalence ratio[J].BMC Med Res Methodol,2003,3:21.https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-3-21.
[8] Liu J,Chi I,Chen G,et al.Prevalence and correlates of functional disability in Chinese older adults[J].Geriatr Gerontol Int,2009,9(3):253-261.
[9] 刘云涛,黄悦勤,马亚婷,等.中国≥15岁人群精神残疾的描述性流行病学研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(2):124-128.
[10]张东坡,栗克清,李喜泼,等.保定市精神分裂症的流行病学调查[J].神经疾病与精神卫生,2008,8(2):147-148.
[11]赵振环,黄悦勤,李洁,等.广州地区常住人口精神障碍的患病率调查[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2009,35(9):530-534.
[12]葛小平,周甲龙.长沙市15岁以上人群精神分裂症现况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2014,24(5):292-295.
[13]陈昌惠,沈渔邨,张维熙,等.中国七个地区精神分裂症流行病学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1998,31(2):8-10.
[14]张敬悬,翁正.精神分裂症的精神残疾及其相关因素的调查分析[J].四川精神卫生,2001,14(2):69-71.
[15]韦波,陈强,冯启明,等.广西壮族自治区居民精神分裂症流行病学调查[J].中国公共卫生,2011,27(10):1245-1247.
[16]刘昊,朱怀轩,程群,等.社区中精神分裂症患者社会功能缺陷调查分析[J].中华全科医学,2009,7(1):83-84.
[17]卢小勇,陈贺龙,胡斌,等.江西省精神分裂症患病率流行病学调查[J].上海精神医学,2004,16(4):234-236.
[18]Phillips MR,Zhang J,Shi Q,et al.Prevalence,treatment,and associated disability of mental disorders in four provinces in China during 2001-05:an epidemiological survey[J].Lancet,2009,373(9680):2041-2053.
[19]胡明月,沈调英.精神分裂症患者精神残疾的影响因素[J].中国行为医学科学,2005,14(10):899-900.
[2] World Health Organization.The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders:diagnostic criteria for research[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,1995.
[3] 中华医学会精神科分会.中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版(CCMD-3)[M].济南:山东科学技术出版社,2001.
[4] 孙玉静,周郁秋,王丽娜,等.精神分裂症患者精神残疾评估方法及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国护理管理,2014,14(3):257-260.
[5] 第二次全国残疾人抽样调查办公室.第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据手册[M].北京:华夏出版社,2007.
[6] 王莲娥,周洁,金欢.世界卫生组织残疾评定量表第2版中文版在精神残疾评定中的信效度检验[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(2):121-125.
[7] Barros AJD,Hirakata VN.Alternatives for logistic regression in cross-sectional studies:an empirical comparison of models that directly estimate the prevalence ratio[J].BMC Med Res Methodol,2003,3:21.https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-3-21.
[8] Liu J,Chi I,Chen G,et al.Prevalence and correlates of functional disability in Chinese older adults[J].Geriatr Gerontol Int,2009,9(3):253-261.
[9] 刘云涛,黄悦勤,马亚婷,等.中国≥15岁人群精神残疾的描述性流行病学研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(2):124-128.
[10]张东坡,栗克清,李喜泼,等.保定市精神分裂症的流行病学调查[J].神经疾病与精神卫生,2008,8(2):147-148.
[11]赵振环,黄悦勤,李洁,等.广州地区常住人口精神障碍的患病率调查[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2009,35(9):530-534.
[12]葛小平,周甲龙.长沙市15岁以上人群精神分裂症现况调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2014,24(5):292-295.
[13]陈昌惠,沈渔邨,张维熙,等.中国七个地区精神分裂症流行病学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1998,31(2):8-10.
[14]张敬悬,翁正.精神分裂症的精神残疾及其相关因素的调查分析[J].四川精神卫生,2001,14(2):69-71.
[15]韦波,陈强,冯启明,等.广西壮族自治区居民精神分裂症流行病学调查[J].中国公共卫生,2011,27(10):1245-1247.
[16]刘昊,朱怀轩,程群,等.社区中精神分裂症患者社会功能缺陷调查分析[J].中华全科医学,2009,7(1):83-84.
[17]卢小勇,陈贺龙,胡斌,等.江西省精神分裂症患病率流行病学调查[J].上海精神医学,2004,16(4):234-236.
[18]Phillips MR,Zhang J,Shi Q,et al.Prevalence,treatment,and associated disability of mental disorders in four provinces in China during 2001-05:an epidemiological survey[J].Lancet,2009,373(9680):2041-2053.
[19]胡明月,沈调英.精神分裂症患者精神残疾的影响因素[J].中国行为医学科学,2005,14(10):899-900.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |