秸秆/石墨烯多孔炭的制备及其对苯酚的吸附性能
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摘要
为使玉米秸秆得到资源化利用,以玉米秸秆和天然鳞片石墨为原料,在改进Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯的基础上,以KOH为活化剂,通过微波水热法及限氧控温裂解法制备秸秆/石墨烯多孔炭复合材料。利用EA、XPS、XRD、FTIR、SEM及BET等表征方法对复合材料的结构、形貌及成分组成进行表征和分析,并研究秸秆/石墨烯多孔炭复合材料对模拟苯酚废水的吸附特性。结果表明,复合材料孔隙结构丰富、比表面积大。当苯酚质量浓度40 mg/L、吸附剂添加量0.4 g/L、吸附时间2 h、温度20℃时,秸秆/石墨烯多孔炭对模拟苯酚废水中苯酚的吸附量为94.21 mg/g。该复合材料经活化后,比表面积提高了220多倍,对苯酚具有优异的吸附性能。
This paper describes the preparation of stalk/graphene mesoporous carbon composite by microwave hydrothermal with limited oxygen pyrolysis method and using corn stalk and flake graphite as raw material and KOH as activator, in order to make use of corn stalk resource. The study involves characterizing the mesoporous carbon by elemental analysis(EA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), infrared spectrum(FTIR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and N_2 adsorption-desorption analysis and investigating the adsorption performances of stalk/graphene mesoporous carbon composite on simulated phenol wastewater. The results show that composite materials feature abundant pore structure and large specific surface area; given the phenol concentration of 40 mg/L, the dosage of adsorbent of 0.4 g/L, the adsorption time of 2 h and the room temperature of 20 ℃, straw/graphene porous carbon could provide phenol adsorption capacity of 94.21 mg/g in simulated phenol wastewater.After activation, the composites could have the surface area increasing more than 220 times, along with a great improvement in the phenol adsorption performance.
This paper describes the preparation of stalk/graphene mesoporous carbon composite by microwave hydrothermal with limited oxygen pyrolysis method and using corn stalk and flake graphite as raw material and KOH as activator, in order to make use of corn stalk resource. The study involves characterizing the mesoporous carbon by elemental analysis(EA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), infrared spectrum(FTIR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and N_2 adsorption-desorption analysis and investigating the adsorption performances of stalk/graphene mesoporous carbon composite on simulated phenol wastewater. The results show that composite materials feature abundant pore structure and large specific surface area; given the phenol concentration of 40 mg/L, the dosage of adsorbent of 0.4 g/L, the adsorption time of 2 h and the room temperature of 20 ℃, straw/graphene porous carbon could provide phenol adsorption capacity of 94.21 mg/g in simulated phenol wastewater.After activation, the composites could have the surface area increasing more than 220 times, along with a great improvement in the phenol adsorption performance.
引文
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[21] 张玲,詹肇麟,张天栋,等.高比表面积多孔炭质材料的孔结构特性及对苯酚的吸附[J].化工新型材料,2017,45(2):117-119.
[22] 何春艳,张翔凌,喻俊,等.Zn系LDHs负载改性石英砂和沸石对Cr(VI)吸附效果对比及其作用机理研究[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(2):399-409.
[2] 方梦祥,姚鹏,岑建孟,等.活性炭吸附处理含酚废水的研究进展[J].化工进展,2018,37(2):744-751.
[3] 黄崇瑶,彭放,严旭晖,等.苯酚废水净化研究进展[J].广州化工,2018,46(2):12-15.
[4] 王为为.石油化工污水处理中生物增效技术的作用探究[J].化工管理,2018(22):104.
[5] 刘佳琦.含酚废水处理技术研究[J].环境科学与管理,2018,43(9):115-118.
[6] 岳焕娟,孙红娟,彭同江,等.三维石墨烯材料的制备及在水处理中的应用研究进展[J].材料导报,2018,32(15):92-99,108.
[7] 周岩梅,任传华,孟晓东,等.生物质活性炭原位修复有机物污染底泥技术研究与应用[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(1):43-51.
[8] 朱银涛,李亚东,王明玉.等.玉米秸秆碱化处理制备的生物炭吸附锌的特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):179-185.
[9] 何绪生,耿增超,佘雕,等.生物炭生产与农用的意义及国内外动态[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(2):1-7.
[10] 林珈羽,张越,刘沅,等.不同原料和炭化温度下制备的生物炭结构及性质[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(6):3200-3206.
[11] 范方宇,李晗,邢献军.温度对玉米秸秆成型颗粒烘焙制备生物炭及其特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(1):220-226.
[12] Clemente J S,Beauchemin S,Mackinnon T,et al.Initial biochar properties related to the removal of As,Se,Pb,Cd,Cu,Ni,and Zn from an acidic suspension[J].Chemosphere,2017,170:216-224.
[13] 罗文谦.石墨烯在导热散热领域的应用[J].新材料产业,2018(11):36-38.
[14] 吴莉莉,艾书伦,张玉红,等.丙烯酸功能化纳米氧化石墨烯/丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备及性能[J].复合材料学报,2019,36(1):192-199.
[15] Wang Q Q,Huang J B,Li G R,et al.A facile and scalable method to prepare carbon nanotube-grafted-graphene for high performance Li-S battery[J].J Power Sources,2017,339:20-26.
[16] Brahim A,Memon N K,Adnan A,et al.Recent progress in the growth and applications of graphene as a smart material:a review[J].Frontiers in Materials,2015,58(2):1-19.
[17] Liu L L,An M Z,Xing S C,et al.Preparation of graphene oxide based on expanded graphite[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,881-883:1083-1088.
[18] 王群,李飞跃,曹心德,等.植物基与固废基生物炭的结构性质差异[J].环境科学与技术,2013(8):1-5.
[19] Chen L L,Zhao D L,Chen S H,et al.One-step fabrication of amino functionalized magnetic graphene oxide composite for Uranium(VI) removal[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2016,472:99-107.
[20] 关连珠,赵亚平,张广才,等.玉米秸秆生物质炭对外源金霉素的吸持与解析[J].中国农业科学,2012(24):5057-5064.
[21] 张玲,詹肇麟,张天栋,等.高比表面积多孔炭质材料的孔结构特性及对苯酚的吸附[J].化工新型材料,2017,45(2):117-119.
[22] 何春艳,张翔凌,喻俊,等.Zn系LDHs负载改性石英砂和沸石对Cr(VI)吸附效果对比及其作用机理研究[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(2):399-409.
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