危险货物铁公联运办理站选址问题多目标优化
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摘要
为提高铁路部门开展危险货物运输的效率和安全性,研究了具有多品类多批次运输需求、办理站能力限制和货物运到时限的多目标危险货物铁公联运办理站选址问题,从给定候选点中选择各类型危险废物办理站的位置,并确定各批危险货物在构造联运网络中的运输路径,同时以运输、转运和选址过程中的总费用和总风险最小为目标,构造了基于点—弧多商品网络设计的双目标0-1线性规划模型。相比于既有研究常构建的hub选址模型,所提模型可显著缩减模型规模,且结构更为紧凑。根据问题特点,定制增广ε-约束算法对两目标进行折中,以寻找若干代表性非支配解。设计了大规模切实案例,对所提方法的效果和效率进行测试。结果表明,基于所提模型,增广ε-约束算法可在合理时间内寻找到高质量的代表性非支配解,且在不同非支配解的数量和均匀度上优于既有文献普遍采用的线性加权求和算法。
To improve the efficiency and safety of railway departments for transporting hazardous materials,the multi-objective transfer station location problem with multi-class material,station capacity and delivery deadline was considered for rail-road intermodal transportation of hazardous materials.The location for each type of hazardous material transfer station from given candidate sites was selected,and the transportation route for each material in the constructed intermodal network was determined.Aiming at minimizing the total cost and total risk in transportation,transfer and location processes,a bi-objective 0-1 linear programming model with node-arc multi-commodity network design formulation was formulated.Compared with the hub location model widely formulated by existing works,the proposed model could reduce the model size significantly,and also exhibits a more compact structure.By exploiting the characteristics of the problem,an augmentedε-constraint algorithm was customized to balance the two objectives and find representative non-dominated solutions.A large-scale realistic case was constructed to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches.Computational results demonstrated that the augmentedε-constraint algorithm using the formulated model could find high quality representative non-dominated solutions within a reasonable time.Meanwhile,the algorithm was better than the weighted-sum algorithm widely employed in related works in terms of the number and uniformity of distinct non-dominated solutions.
To improve the efficiency and safety of railway departments for transporting hazardous materials,the multi-objective transfer station location problem with multi-class material,station capacity and delivery deadline was considered for rail-road intermodal transportation of hazardous materials.The location for each type of hazardous material transfer station from given candidate sites was selected,and the transportation route for each material in the constructed intermodal network was determined.Aiming at minimizing the total cost and total risk in transportation,transfer and location processes,a bi-objective 0-1 linear programming model with node-arc multi-commodity network design formulation was formulated.Compared with the hub location model widely formulated by existing works,the proposed model could reduce the model size significantly,and also exhibits a more compact structure.By exploiting the characteristics of the problem,an augmentedε-constraint algorithm was customized to balance the two objectives and find representative non-dominated solutions.A large-scale realistic case was constructed to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches.Computational results demonstrated that the augmentedε-constraint algorithm using the formulated model could find high quality representative non-dominated solutions within a reasonable time.Meanwhile,the algorithm was better than the weighted-sum algorithm widely employed in related works in terms of the number and uniformity of distinct non-dominated solutions.
引文
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[13]WANG Lingli,ZHANG Xingchen,HAI Tao.Weighted cluster analysis on macroscopic distribution areas of railway dangerous goods stations[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2007,29(6):101-105(in Chinese).[王伶俐,张星臣,海涛.铁路危险货物办理站宏观布局载体的加权聚类分析[J].铁道学报,2007,29(6):101-105.]
[14]WANG Zhe,PENG Qiyuan,CAI Mengxian.Research on optimization configuration method of railway dangerous goods stations and sidings[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2011,7(5):101-107(in Chinese).[王喆,彭其渊,蔡梦贤.铁路危险货物办理站点优化配置方法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):101-107.]
[15]XIAO Jinmei,ZHAO Jiahong,SHUAI Bin.Integration and optimization of railway dangerous goods handling stations based on analyzing cost and risk[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information,2011,9(3):111-117(in Chinese).[肖金梅,赵佳虹,帅斌.基于成本-风险分析的铁路危险货物办理站整合优化配置方法研究[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2011,9(3):111-117.]
[16]WANG Lingli,ZHANG Xingchen,MA Jingyi.Bi-level programming model and algorithm for distribution optimization of railway dangerous goods handling station[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(2):115-120(in Chinese).[王伶俐,张星臣,马静一.铁路危险货物办理站布局优化双层规划模型与算法[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(2):115-120.]
[17]HAIMES Y Y,LASDON L S,WISMER D A,et al.On a bicriterion formulation of the problems of integrated system identification and system optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems Man&Cybernetics,1971,SMC-1(3):296-297.
[18]MAVROTAS G,FLORIOS K.An improved version of the augmented e-constraint method(AUGMECON2)for finding the exact pareto set in multi-objective integer programming problems[J].Applied Mathematics&Computation,2013,219(18):9652-9669.
[19]HUANG Lixia,ZHAO Jun.Optimization of the locationrouting problem in regional hazardous waste management systems using apath-based formulation[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(8):2023-2034(in Chinese).[黄丽霞,赵军.基于路径模型的区域危险废物管理选址-路径问题优化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(8):2023-2034.]
[20]HARWOOD D W,VINER J G,RUSSEL E R.Procedure for developing truck accident and release rates for hazmat routing[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,1993,119,2(2):189-199.
[21]BAGHERI M,VERMA M,VERTER V.Transport mode selection for toxic gases:rail or road?[J].Risk Analysis,2014,34(1):168-186.
[22]VERMA M,VERTER V.Railroad transportation of hazardous materials:models for risk assessment and management[M]//Handbook of OR/MS Models in Hazardous Materials Transportation.Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2013:9-47.
[2]XIE Y,LU W,WANG W,et al.A multimodal location and routing model for hazardous materials transportation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,227/228(43):135-141.
[3]JIANG Y,ZHANG X,RONG Y,et al.A multimodal location and routing model for hazardous materials transportation based on multi-commodity flow model[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014,138:791-799.
[4]ARNOLD P,PEETERS D,THOMAS I.Modelling a rail/road intermodal transportation system[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2004,40(3):255-270.
[5]RACUNICA I,WYNTER L.Optimal location of intermodal freight hubs[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2005,39(5):453-477.
[6]LIMBOURG S,JOURQUIN B.Optimal rail-road container terminal locations on the European network[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2009,45(4):551-563.
[7]ISHFAQ R,SOX C R.Hub location-allocation in intermodal logistic networks[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2011,210(2):213-230.
[8]SORENSEN K,VANOVERMEIRE C,BUSSCHAERT S.Efficient metaheuristics to solve the intermodal terminal location problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2012,39(9):2079-2090.
[9]LIN C C,CHIANG Y I,LIN S W.Efficient model and heuristic for the intermodal terminal location problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2014,51:41-51.
[10]HE Y,WU T,ZHANG C,et al.An improved MIP heuristic for the intermodal hub location problem[J].Omega,2015,57:203-211.
[11]LIN C C,LIN S W.Two-stage approach to the intermodal terminal location problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2016,67:113-119.
[12]HAI Tao,ZHANG Xingchen,YANG Yuefang.Study on the method of optimizing distribution of railway dangerous goods stations[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2006,28(3):101-105(in Chinese).[海涛,张星臣,杨月芳.铁路危险货物办理站优化配置方法研究[J].铁道学报,2006,28(3):101-105.]
[13]WANG Lingli,ZHANG Xingchen,HAI Tao.Weighted cluster analysis on macroscopic distribution areas of railway dangerous goods stations[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2007,29(6):101-105(in Chinese).[王伶俐,张星臣,海涛.铁路危险货物办理站宏观布局载体的加权聚类分析[J].铁道学报,2007,29(6):101-105.]
[14]WANG Zhe,PENG Qiyuan,CAI Mengxian.Research on optimization configuration method of railway dangerous goods stations and sidings[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2011,7(5):101-107(in Chinese).[王喆,彭其渊,蔡梦贤.铁路危险货物办理站点优化配置方法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):101-107.]
[15]XIAO Jinmei,ZHAO Jiahong,SHUAI Bin.Integration and optimization of railway dangerous goods handling stations based on analyzing cost and risk[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information,2011,9(3):111-117(in Chinese).[肖金梅,赵佳虹,帅斌.基于成本-风险分析的铁路危险货物办理站整合优化配置方法研究[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2011,9(3):111-117.]
[16]WANG Lingli,ZHANG Xingchen,MA Jingyi.Bi-level programming model and algorithm for distribution optimization of railway dangerous goods handling station[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(2):115-120(in Chinese).[王伶俐,张星臣,马静一.铁路危险货物办理站布局优化双层规划模型与算法[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(2):115-120.]
[17]HAIMES Y Y,LASDON L S,WISMER D A,et al.On a bicriterion formulation of the problems of integrated system identification and system optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems Man&Cybernetics,1971,SMC-1(3):296-297.
[18]MAVROTAS G,FLORIOS K.An improved version of the augmented e-constraint method(AUGMECON2)for finding the exact pareto set in multi-objective integer programming problems[J].Applied Mathematics&Computation,2013,219(18):9652-9669.
[19]HUANG Lixia,ZHAO Jun.Optimization of the locationrouting problem in regional hazardous waste management systems using apath-based formulation[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(8):2023-2034(in Chinese).[黄丽霞,赵军.基于路径模型的区域危险废物管理选址-路径问题优化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(8):2023-2034.]
[20]HARWOOD D W,VINER J G,RUSSEL E R.Procedure for developing truck accident and release rates for hazmat routing[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,1993,119,2(2):189-199.
[21]BAGHERI M,VERMA M,VERTER V.Transport mode selection for toxic gases:rail or road?[J].Risk Analysis,2014,34(1):168-186.
[22]VERMA M,VERTER V.Railroad transportation of hazardous materials:models for risk assessment and management[M]//Handbook of OR/MS Models in Hazardous Materials Transportation.Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2013:9-47.