计及调压辅助服务收益的光储系统优化运行策略
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摘要
含高渗透率清洁能源配电网的电压越限问题日益严重。光储系统因具备PQ四象限调节能力,具有向电网提供电压调节辅助服务的功能。提出了一种计及调压辅助服务收益的光储系统优化运行策略。给出了光储系统的拓扑结构和柔性并网运行方式;考虑上网电量收益、辅助服务收益、购电费用、损耗费用以及运行约束条件,构建了以光储系统经济收益最大为目标的最优运行模型。针对系统存在的连续多阶段全局有功/无功双决策问题,采用多维动态规划算法进行求解。算例结果表明,光储系统能主动响应调压辅助服务价格激励,获得更高的经济收益,同时有效地解决了配电网的电压越限问题。
The voltage over-limit problem of distribution network with high penetration rate of renewable energy is increasingly serious. PESS(Photovoltaic-Energy Storage System) can provide voltage regulation ancillary service for the power grid due to its four-quadrant PQ adjustment capability. An optimal operation strategy is proposed for PESS considering the revenue of voltage regulation ancillary service. The topology structure and flexible grid-connected ope-ration modes of PESS are given. Considering the on-grid energy income,the ancillary service revenue,the electricity purchasing cost,the loss cost and the operating constraints,the optimal operation model with the maximum economic benefit of PESS as its objective is established. Aiming at the global continuous multi-stage active/reactive power dual decision-making problem,the multi-dimensional dynamic programming algorithm is adopted to solve the problem. The results of case study show that PESS can respond to the price incentive of voltage regulation ancillary service to obtain higher revenue,and solve the voltage over-limit problem of distribution network effectively.
The voltage over-limit problem of distribution network with high penetration rate of renewable energy is increasingly serious. PESS(Photovoltaic-Energy Storage System) can provide voltage regulation ancillary service for the power grid due to its four-quadrant PQ adjustment capability. An optimal operation strategy is proposed for PESS considering the revenue of voltage regulation ancillary service. The topology structure and flexible grid-connected ope-ration modes of PESS are given. Considering the on-grid energy income,the ancillary service revenue,the electricity purchasing cost,the loss cost and the operating constraints,the optimal operation model with the maximum economic benefit of PESS as its objective is established. Aiming at the global continuous multi-stage active/reactive power dual decision-making problem,the multi-dimensional dynamic programming algorithm is adopted to solve the problem. The results of case study show that PESS can respond to the price incentive of voltage regulation ancillary service to obtain higher revenue,and solve the voltage over-limit problem of distribution network effectively.
引文
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[14] 王蓓蓓. 面向智能电网的用户需求响应特性和能力研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3654-3663.WANG Beibei. Research on consumers' response characterics and ability under smart grid:a literatures survey[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3654-3663.
[15] 赵洪山,赵航宇,侯杰群,等. 需求响应对配电网供电可靠性影响分析[J]. 电力自动化设备,2017,37(1):8-14.ZHAO Hongshan,ZHAO Hangyu,HOU Jiequn,et al. Effect of demand response on supply reliability of distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(1):8-14.
[16] KHANI H,ZADEH M R D,HAJIMIRAGHA A H. Transmission con-gestion relief using privately owned large-scale energy storage sys-tems in a competitive electricity market[J]. IEEE Tran-sactions on Power Systems,2016,31(2):1449-1458.
[17] CALDERARO V,GALDI V,LAMBERTI F,et al. A smart strategy for voltage control ancillary service in distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(1):494-502.
[18] 葛乐,袁晓冬,陆宣统,等. 柔性并网光储系统的设计与实现[J]. 太阳能学报,2017,38(10):2871-2878.GE Le,YUAN Xiaodong,LU Xuantong,et al. Design and implementation of flexible grid connected PV and energy storage system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(10):2871-2878.
[19] 王成山,洪博文,郭力. 不同场景下的光蓄微电网调度策略[J]. 电网技术,2013,37(7):1775-1782.WANG Chengshan,HONG Bowen,GUO Li. Dispatch strategies of PV-battery microgrid in different scenarios[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1775-1782.
[20] 鲍冠南,陆超,袁志昌,等. 基于动态规划的电池储能系统削峰填谷实时优化[J]. 电力系统自动化,2012,36(12):11-16.BAO Guannan,LU Chao,YUAN Zhichang,et al. Load shift real-time optimization strategy of battery energy storage system based on dynamic programming[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(12):11-16.
[21] LEVRON Y,GUERRERO J M,BECK Y. Optimal power flow in mic-rogrids with energy storage[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):3226-3234.
[22] MACEDO L H,FRANCO J F,RIDER M J,et al. Optimal operation of distribution networks considering energy storage devices[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(6):2825-2836.
[23] 吴雄,王秀丽,李骏,等. 风电储能混合系统的联合调度模型及求解[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2013,33(13):10-17. WU Xiong,WANG Xiuli,LI Jun,et al. A joint operation model and solution for hybrid wind energy storage systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(13):10-17.
[24] 戚永志,刘玉田. 风光储联合系统输出功率滚动优化与实时控制[J]. 电工技术学报,2014,29(8):265-273.QI Yongzhi,LIU Yutian. Output power rolling optimization and real-time control in wind-photovoltaic-storage hybrid system[J]. Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):265-273.
[2] 李蕊,李跃,郭威,等. 分布式电源接入对配电网可靠性影响的仿真分析[J]. 电网技术,2016,40(7):2016-2021.LI Rui,LI Yue,GUO Wei,et al. Simulation analysis of the influence of distributed generation on the reliability of distribution network[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2016-2021.
[3] 李清然,张建成. 含分布式光伏电源的配电网电压越限解决方案[J]. 电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):117-123.LI Qingran,ZHANG Jiancheng. Solutions of voltage beyond limits in distribution network with distributed photovoltaic generators[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):117-123.
[4] 陈飞,刘东,陈云辉. 主动配电网电压分层协调控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):61-67.CHEN Fei,LIU Dong,CHEN Yunhui. Hierarchically distributed vol-tage control strategy for active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(9):61-67.
[5] 高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波,等. 主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo,et al. A b-level robust plan-ning model of active distribution network and its solution method[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[6] 张玮亚,李永丽,孙广宇,等. 基于静止同步补偿器的主动配电网分区电压控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1644-1656. ZHANG Weiya,LI Yongli,SUN Guangyu,et al. Zonal-voltage con-trol for active distribution network based on distributed static synchronous compensator[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1644-1656.
[7] 陈旭,张勇军,黄向敏. 主动配电网背景下无功电压控制方法综述[J]. 电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):143-151.CHEN Xu,ZHANG Yongjun,HUANG Xiangmin. Review of reactive power and voltage control method in the background of active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):143-151.
[8] 赵金利,于莹莹,李鹏,等. 基于锥优化的储能系统参与配电网运行调节快速计算方法[J]. 电力系统自动化,2016,40(2):30-35,48.ZHAO Jinli,YU Yingying,LI Peng,et al. A fast calculation method of energy storage system for distribution network regulation based on conic programming[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(2):30-35,48.
[9] 葛乐,陆文涛,袁晓冬,等. 基于多维动态规划的柔性光储参与主动配电网优化运行[J]. 电网技术,2017,41(10):3300-3306.GE Le,LU Wentao,YUAN Xiaodong,et al. Optimal operation of active distribution network based on photovoltaic and energy-storage system of multi-dimensional dynamic programming[J]. Power Sys-tem Technology,2017,41(10):3300-3306.
[10] 翟世涛,刘泽槐,杨家豪,等. 考虑多时段并网点电压控制的光储容量匹配及优化运行[J]. 电网技术,2017,41(6):1855-1863.ZHAI Shitao,LIU Zehuai,YANG Jiahao,et al. Capacity matching and optimal operation of photovoltaic-storage systems based on mul-tiperiod PCC voltage control[J]. Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1855-1863.
[11] WANG Y,TAN K T,PENG X Y,et al. Coordinated control of distributed energy-storage systems for voltage regulation in distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(3):1132-1141.
[12] WORTHMANN K,KELLETT C M,BRAUN P,et al. Distributed and decentralized control of residential energy systems incorporating battery storage[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(4):1914-1923.
[13] WANG P F,LIANG D H,YI J L,et al. Integrating electrical energy storage into coordinated voltage control schemes for distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(2):1018-1032.
[14] 王蓓蓓. 面向智能电网的用户需求响应特性和能力研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3654-3663.WANG Beibei. Research on consumers' response characterics and ability under smart grid:a literatures survey[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3654-3663.
[15] 赵洪山,赵航宇,侯杰群,等. 需求响应对配电网供电可靠性影响分析[J]. 电力自动化设备,2017,37(1):8-14.ZHAO Hongshan,ZHAO Hangyu,HOU Jiequn,et al. Effect of demand response on supply reliability of distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(1):8-14.
[16] KHANI H,ZADEH M R D,HAJIMIRAGHA A H. Transmission con-gestion relief using privately owned large-scale energy storage sys-tems in a competitive electricity market[J]. IEEE Tran-sactions on Power Systems,2016,31(2):1449-1458.
[17] CALDERARO V,GALDI V,LAMBERTI F,et al. A smart strategy for voltage control ancillary service in distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(1):494-502.
[18] 葛乐,袁晓冬,陆宣统,等. 柔性并网光储系统的设计与实现[J]. 太阳能学报,2017,38(10):2871-2878.GE Le,YUAN Xiaodong,LU Xuantong,et al. Design and implementation of flexible grid connected PV and energy storage system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(10):2871-2878.
[19] 王成山,洪博文,郭力. 不同场景下的光蓄微电网调度策略[J]. 电网技术,2013,37(7):1775-1782.WANG Chengshan,HONG Bowen,GUO Li. Dispatch strategies of PV-battery microgrid in different scenarios[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1775-1782.
[20] 鲍冠南,陆超,袁志昌,等. 基于动态规划的电池储能系统削峰填谷实时优化[J]. 电力系统自动化,2012,36(12):11-16.BAO Guannan,LU Chao,YUAN Zhichang,et al. Load shift real-time optimization strategy of battery energy storage system based on dynamic programming[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(12):11-16.
[21] LEVRON Y,GUERRERO J M,BECK Y. Optimal power flow in mic-rogrids with energy storage[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):3226-3234.
[22] MACEDO L H,FRANCO J F,RIDER M J,et al. Optimal operation of distribution networks considering energy storage devices[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(6):2825-2836.
[23] 吴雄,王秀丽,李骏,等. 风电储能混合系统的联合调度模型及求解[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2013,33(13):10-17. WU Xiong,WANG Xiuli,LI Jun,et al. A joint operation model and solution for hybrid wind energy storage systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(13):10-17.
[24] 戚永志,刘玉田. 风光储联合系统输出功率滚动优化与实时控制[J]. 电工技术学报,2014,29(8):265-273.QI Yongzhi,LIU Yutian. Output power rolling optimization and real-time control in wind-photovoltaic-storage hybrid system[J]. Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):265-273.