空间应用高速转子轴承润滑特性分析
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摘要
针对空间用高速转子轴承的润滑失效问题,综合考虑接触几何、真实粗糙表面形貌、弹性变形、润滑剂流变特性以及滚珠高速自旋特性等因素的影响,建立角接触球轴承的混合润滑统一模型;分析转速、载荷、真空、高低温等工况环境条件对轴承微观传动界面接触与润滑特性的影响规律,并针对算例给出各种润滑状态之间的临界转速。结果表明:随着转速的提高,轴承接触界面润滑状态逐渐改善;除了极低转速,轴承接触界面压力峰值总体随载荷增大而增加;油膜厚度随着大气压强的增大而增大,界面压力峰值随着大气压强的增大而减小;油膜厚度随着温度的增加而减小,界面压力随温度的升高而增大;低速条件下离心力、微重力引起的入口区域乏油对润滑特性影响较小。
Aimed at the lubrication failure problem of high speed rotor bearing in space environment,a unified model of mixed lubrication analysis for angular contact ball bearings was established,considering the influence of contact geometry,real rough surface morphology,elastic deformation,rheological properties of lubricant and high-speed spin characteristics.Based on the model,the influences of rotating speed,load,vacuum,high and low temperature on bearing micro-drive interface contact and lubrication characteristics were analyzed,and the critical rotate speed for conversion among various lubrication states was given according to an example. The conclusions include that,with the increase of speed,the lubrication state in the contact interface of bearing is gradually improved; The pressure peak in the contact interface of bearing is increased as the load rises overall except at the extremely low rotate speed; As the atmospheric pressure increases,the film thickness is increased while the pressure peak of interface is decreased; The film thickness is decreased as the temperature increases and as the rotate speed rises; Under the low speed condition,the inlet oil starvation caused by centrifugal force and microgravity has minor effects on lubrication properties.
Aimed at the lubrication failure problem of high speed rotor bearing in space environment,a unified model of mixed lubrication analysis for angular contact ball bearings was established,considering the influence of contact geometry,real rough surface morphology,elastic deformation,rheological properties of lubricant and high-speed spin characteristics.Based on the model,the influences of rotating speed,load,vacuum,high and low temperature on bearing micro-drive interface contact and lubrication characteristics were analyzed,and the critical rotate speed for conversion among various lubrication states was given according to an example. The conclusions include that,with the increase of speed,the lubrication state in the contact interface of bearing is gradually improved; The pressure peak in the contact interface of bearing is increased as the load rises overall except at the extremely low rotate speed; As the atmospheric pressure increases,the film thickness is increased while the pressure peak of interface is decreased; The film thickness is decreased as the temperature increases and as the rotate speed rises; Under the low speed condition,the inlet oil starvation caused by centrifugal force and microgravity has minor effects on lubrication properties.
引文
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[3]BURT R R,LOFFI R W.Failure analysis of international space station control moment gyro[C]//Proceedings of the 10th European Space Mechanisms&Tribology Symposium.San Sebastian:ARI,2003:13-25.
[4]SATHYAN K,GOPINATH K,LEE S H,et al.Bearing retainer designs and retainer instability failures in spacecraft moving mechanical systems[J].Tribology Transactions,2012,55(4):503-511.
[5]JONES A.Ball Motion and Sliding Friction in Ball Bearings[J].Journal of Basic Engineering,1959,81(3):1-12.
[6]HARRIS T A,KOTZALAS M N.Rolling bearing analysis:advanced concepts of bearing technology[M].5th Ed.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2006.
[7]GUPTA P K.Advanced dynamics of rolling elements[M].Vienna:Springer,1984.
[8]AI X,CHENG H S.The effects of surface texture on ehl point contacts[J].Journal of Tribology,1996,118:59-66.
[9]AI X,CHENG H S.The influence of moving dent on point EHLcontacts[J].ASLE Transactions,1994,37(2):323-335.
[10]XU G,SADEGHI F.Thermal EHL analysis of circular contacts with measured surface roughness[J].Journal of Tribology,1996,118(3):473-482.
[11]ZHU D,AI X.Point contact EHL based on optically measured three-dimensional rough surfaces[J].Journal of Tribology,1997,119(3):375-384.
[12]JIANG X,HUA D,CHENG H,et al.A mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication model with asperity contact[J].Journal of Tribology,1999,121(3):481-491.
[13]HU Y Z,ZHU D.A Full numerical solution to the mixed lubrication in point contacts[J].Journal of Tribology,2000,122(1):1-9.
[14]HOLMES M J A,EVANS H P,HUGHES T G,et al.Transient elastohydrodynamic point contact analysis using a new coupled differential deflection method.Part 1:theory and validation[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2003,217(4):289-304.
[15]ZHU D.Effect of surface roughness on mixed EHD lubrication characteristics[J].Tribology Transactions,2003,46(1):44-48.
[16]SAHLIN F,LARSSON R,ALMQVIST A,et al.A mixed lubrication model incorporating measured surface topography[J].ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology 1994-1996(vols 208-210),2010,224(4):335-351.
[17]SAHLIN F,LARSSON R,MARKLUND P,et al.A mixed lubrication model incorporating measured surface topography.Part2:roughness treatment,model validation,and simulation[J].ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology 1994-1996(vols 208-210),2016,224(4):353-365.
[18]YANG P R,WEN S Z.A generalized Reynolds equation for non-newtonian thermal elastohydrodynamio lubrication[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,1990,12:631-636.
[19]REN N,ZHU D,CHEN W W.A three-dimensional deterministic model for rough surface line-contact EHL problems[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,2009,131:0115011.1-9.
[20]AI X.Numerical analyses of elastohydrodynamically lubricated line and point contacts with rough surfaces by using semi-system and multigrid methods[D].Evanston:Northwestern University,1993.
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