无钟高炉布料过程料面形状的数学模型
|
摘要
高炉装料过程中炉料在炉喉的空间分布是影响生铁产量、煤气流分布和炉况稳定顺行的主要因素。布料矩阵是调节炉料在炉喉空间分布的操作变量,是一个同时包含连续变量和有界离散变量的控制序列,高炉装料过程所形成空间分布是一个由分布函数描述的料面。由于缺少布料矩阵与装料形状之间的过程模型,布料矩阵往往为定常参数,布料矩阵的制定和调整仍由炉长凭经验操作。这种操作模式不能及时地调节炉况实时运行状态,给高炉稳定顺行和高炉稳产带来较大的负面影响。针对高炉装料过程中布料矩阵与装料形状之间的数学描述,在深入了解高炉装料过程的基础上,根据质量守恒规则,料堆形状描述和炉料落点位置构建了一种基于布料矩阵描述的高炉装料过程模型。最后,通过基于工业过程的仿真实验对本文所提的模型进行了测试,结果表明该模型可以有效地描述高炉装料过程布料矩阵与料面形状之间的关系。
Burden distribution at the throat is the main factor affecting blast furnace iron-making productivity,gas flowing and furnace stable and smooth running.Burden distribution matrix is an operating variable in bell-less blast furnace burden distribution,which includes continuous variables and bounded discrete variables.Due to lack of process model,burden distribution matrix is often a constant matrix in practice.Moreover,the formulation and regulation of burden distribution matrix are still manually operated by the experienced foremen.The experience based operation mode can not adjust the operating status timely,which brings negative impact on the stable operation and the stability of the blast furnace.Subjected to the mass conservation,charging shape description and falling point function,the mathematical model description between burden distribution matrix and the charging shape in blast furnace charging process was studied.Finally,the developed mathematical model was tested by industrial data based examples.The results show that the model can effectively describe the relationship between burden distribution matrix and the top charging shape in the blast furnace charging system.
Burden distribution at the throat is the main factor affecting blast furnace iron-making productivity,gas flowing and furnace stable and smooth running.Burden distribution matrix is an operating variable in bell-less blast furnace burden distribution,which includes continuous variables and bounded discrete variables.Due to lack of process model,burden distribution matrix is often a constant matrix in practice.Moreover,the formulation and regulation of burden distribution matrix are still manually operated by the experienced foremen.The experience based operation mode can not adjust the operating status timely,which brings negative impact on the stable operation and the stability of the blast furnace.Subjected to the mass conservation,charging shape description and falling point function,the mathematical model description between burden distribution matrix and the charging shape in blast furnace charging process was studied.Finally,the developed mathematical model was tested by industrial data based examples.The results show that the model can effectively describe the relationship between burden distribution matrix and the top charging shape in the blast furnace charging system.
引文
[1]Li X L,Liu D X,Jia C,et al.Multi-model control of blast furnace burden surface based on fuzzy SVM[J].Neurocomputing,2015,148(148):209.
[2]Shi L,Zhao G S,Li M X,et al.A model for burden distribution and gas flow distribution of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2016,40:23.
[3]安剑奇,刘洋,吴敏,等.高炉炉喉煤气流形态三维模型重建[J].控制理论与应用,2014,31(5):624.(An J Q,Liu Y,Wu M,et al.Reconstruction of 3Dmodel of gas flow distribution in blast furnace throat[J].Control Theory and Applications,2014,31(5):624.)
[4]吴敏,王昌军,安剑奇,等.基于料面温度场的高炉煤气流分布识别方法[J].信息与控制,2011,40(1):78.(Wu M,Wang C J,An J Q,et al.A recognition method for gas flow distribution based on temperature field of burden surface in blast furnace[J].Information and Control,2011,40(1):78.)
[5]郑魁.无料钟高炉炉顶布料模型研究[D]//昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.(Zheng K.Research on the model for bell-less charging of blast furnace[D]//Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.)
[6]安剑奇,吴敏,何勇,等.基于分层递阶融合算法的高炉料面煤气流分布软测量方法[J].自动化学报,2011,37(4):496.(An J Q,Wu M,He Y,et al.Soft-sensing method of gas flow distribution of blast furnace burden surface based on multi-level hierarchical fusion algorithm[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2011,37(4):496.)
[7]赵国磊.无钟高炉装料过程炉料运动分布规律及颗粒偏析行为研究[D]//北京:北京科技大学,2017.(Zhao G L.Investigations on burden flow and distribution laws and particle segregation behaviors during charging process within bell-less blast furnace[D]//Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2017.)
[8]陈令坤,于仲洁,周曼丽.高炉布料数学模型的开发及应用[J].钢铁,2006(11):13.(Chen L K,Yu Z J,Zhou M L.Development and application of blast furnace burden distribution model[J].Iron and Steel,2006(11):13.)
[9]刘云彩.高炉布料规律[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2012.(Liu Y C.Burden Distribution of Blast Furnace[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2012.)
[10]Radhakrishnan V R,Ram K M.Mathematical model for predictive control of the bell-less top charging system of a blast furnace[J].Journal of Process Control,2001,11(5):565.
[11]Nag S,Gupta A,Paul S,et al.Prediction of heap shape in blast furnace burden distribution[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2014,54(7):1517.
[12]祝乔,程汉卿,尹怡欣,等.基于多点雷达和最小二乘法估计高炉料面形状[J].北京科技大学学报,2012,34(9):1061.(Zhu Q,Cheng H Q,Yin Y X,et al.Estimating the burden surface profile of a blast furnace based on multi-radar measurement and least squares approximations[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2012,34(9):1061.)
[13]熊玮,毕学工.无钟布料过程中焦炭坍塌现象的模型研究[C]//全国炼铁生产技术暨炼铁年会论文集.马鞍山:中国金属学会,2002:639.(Xiong W,Bi X G.A Model study of coke layer collapse in charging process in bell-less blast furnace[C]//Proceedings of National Iron Production Technology and Ironmaking Annual Meeting.Ma′anshan:The Chinese Society for Metals,2002:639.)
[14]周勇,毕学工,涂春林.焦炭坍塌理论在钟式高炉炉顶炉料分布模型中的应用[J].钢铁研究,2004(1):1.(Zhou Y,Bi X G,Tu C L.Application of coke collapse theory in mathematic model for burden distribution in bell top blast furnace[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2004(1):1.)
[15]杨天钧,段国锦,周渝生,等.高炉无料钟布料炉料分布预测模型的开发研究[J].钢铁,1991(11):10.(Yang T,Duan G J,Zhou Y S,et al.Mathematical model of burden distribution for bell-less top of blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,1991(11):10.)
[16]吴敏,许永华,曹卫华.无料钟高炉布料模型设计与应用[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(21):5051.(Wu M,Xu Y H,Cao W H.Design and application of burden distribution model in bell-less blast furnace[J].Journal of System Simulation,2007,19(21):5051.)
[17]张勇,周平,王宏,等.一种高炉布料过程料面输出形状的建模方法:中国,CN1201510586609.6[P].2018-08-07.(Zhang Y,Zhou P,Wang H,et al.A modeling method for the output shape in blast furnace burden distribution processes:China,CN1201510586609.6[P].2018-08-07.)
[18]Zhu Q,Lv C,Yin Y,et al.Burden distribution calculation of bell-less top of blast furnace based on multi-radar data[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2013,20(6):33.
[19]Zhang Y,Zhao Z,Cui G.Auxiliary model method for transfer function estimation from noisy input and output data[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2014,39(15):4257.
[20]马财生,任廷志,杨二旭.无钟高炉环形布料优化及布料精度[J].钢铁研究学报,2016,28(12):15.(Ma C S,Ren T Z,Yang E X.Optimization of ring charging at bell-less top blast furnace and accuracy analysis of burden distribution[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2016,28(12):15.)
[21]Mitra T,Saxén H.Model for fast evaluation of charging programs in the blast furnace[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2014,45B(6):2382.
[2]Shi L,Zhao G S,Li M X,et al.A model for burden distribution and gas flow distribution of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2016,40:23.
[3]安剑奇,刘洋,吴敏,等.高炉炉喉煤气流形态三维模型重建[J].控制理论与应用,2014,31(5):624.(An J Q,Liu Y,Wu M,et al.Reconstruction of 3Dmodel of gas flow distribution in blast furnace throat[J].Control Theory and Applications,2014,31(5):624.)
[4]吴敏,王昌军,安剑奇,等.基于料面温度场的高炉煤气流分布识别方法[J].信息与控制,2011,40(1):78.(Wu M,Wang C J,An J Q,et al.A recognition method for gas flow distribution based on temperature field of burden surface in blast furnace[J].Information and Control,2011,40(1):78.)
[5]郑魁.无料钟高炉炉顶布料模型研究[D]//昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.(Zheng K.Research on the model for bell-less charging of blast furnace[D]//Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.)
[6]安剑奇,吴敏,何勇,等.基于分层递阶融合算法的高炉料面煤气流分布软测量方法[J].自动化学报,2011,37(4):496.(An J Q,Wu M,He Y,et al.Soft-sensing method of gas flow distribution of blast furnace burden surface based on multi-level hierarchical fusion algorithm[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2011,37(4):496.)
[7]赵国磊.无钟高炉装料过程炉料运动分布规律及颗粒偏析行为研究[D]//北京:北京科技大学,2017.(Zhao G L.Investigations on burden flow and distribution laws and particle segregation behaviors during charging process within bell-less blast furnace[D]//Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2017.)
[8]陈令坤,于仲洁,周曼丽.高炉布料数学模型的开发及应用[J].钢铁,2006(11):13.(Chen L K,Yu Z J,Zhou M L.Development and application of blast furnace burden distribution model[J].Iron and Steel,2006(11):13.)
[9]刘云彩.高炉布料规律[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2012.(Liu Y C.Burden Distribution of Blast Furnace[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2012.)
[10]Radhakrishnan V R,Ram K M.Mathematical model for predictive control of the bell-less top charging system of a blast furnace[J].Journal of Process Control,2001,11(5):565.
[11]Nag S,Gupta A,Paul S,et al.Prediction of heap shape in blast furnace burden distribution[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2014,54(7):1517.
[12]祝乔,程汉卿,尹怡欣,等.基于多点雷达和最小二乘法估计高炉料面形状[J].北京科技大学学报,2012,34(9):1061.(Zhu Q,Cheng H Q,Yin Y X,et al.Estimating the burden surface profile of a blast furnace based on multi-radar measurement and least squares approximations[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2012,34(9):1061.)
[13]熊玮,毕学工.无钟布料过程中焦炭坍塌现象的模型研究[C]//全国炼铁生产技术暨炼铁年会论文集.马鞍山:中国金属学会,2002:639.(Xiong W,Bi X G.A Model study of coke layer collapse in charging process in bell-less blast furnace[C]//Proceedings of National Iron Production Technology and Ironmaking Annual Meeting.Ma′anshan:The Chinese Society for Metals,2002:639.)
[14]周勇,毕学工,涂春林.焦炭坍塌理论在钟式高炉炉顶炉料分布模型中的应用[J].钢铁研究,2004(1):1.(Zhou Y,Bi X G,Tu C L.Application of coke collapse theory in mathematic model for burden distribution in bell top blast furnace[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2004(1):1.)
[15]杨天钧,段国锦,周渝生,等.高炉无料钟布料炉料分布预测模型的开发研究[J].钢铁,1991(11):10.(Yang T,Duan G J,Zhou Y S,et al.Mathematical model of burden distribution for bell-less top of blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,1991(11):10.)
[16]吴敏,许永华,曹卫华.无料钟高炉布料模型设计与应用[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(21):5051.(Wu M,Xu Y H,Cao W H.Design and application of burden distribution model in bell-less blast furnace[J].Journal of System Simulation,2007,19(21):5051.)
[17]张勇,周平,王宏,等.一种高炉布料过程料面输出形状的建模方法:中国,CN1201510586609.6[P].2018-08-07.(Zhang Y,Zhou P,Wang H,et al.A modeling method for the output shape in blast furnace burden distribution processes:China,CN1201510586609.6[P].2018-08-07.)
[18]Zhu Q,Lv C,Yin Y,et al.Burden distribution calculation of bell-less top of blast furnace based on multi-radar data[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2013,20(6):33.
[19]Zhang Y,Zhao Z,Cui G.Auxiliary model method for transfer function estimation from noisy input and output data[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2014,39(15):4257.
[20]马财生,任廷志,杨二旭.无钟高炉环形布料优化及布料精度[J].钢铁研究学报,2016,28(12):15.(Ma C S,Ren T Z,Yang E X.Optimization of ring charging at bell-less top blast furnace and accuracy analysis of burden distribution[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2016,28(12):15.)
[21]Mitra T,Saxén H.Model for fast evaluation of charging programs in the blast furnace[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2014,45B(6):2382.