湿法炼锌浸出渣与锌精矿联合浸出工艺研究
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摘要
开展湿法炼锌浸出渣和锌精矿联合酸浸试验,利用硫酸浸出湿法炼锌常规浸出渣中以铁酸锌等方式存在的锌,同时采用高铁锌精矿将浸出液中的三价铁离子还原为二价铁离子,实现锌精矿中锌的同步浸出。探讨锌浸出渣和锌精矿投料比、初始硫酸浓度、反应时间、液固体积质量比和浸出温度对锌及伴生金属铜、铟和杂质金属铁浸出率的影响。结果表明,在浸出终点浸出液中硫酸浓度20～40g/L、锌浸出渣与锌精矿质量比1∶0.25、原料粒度-0.074mm、液固体积质量比6mL/g、反应温度90℃、反应时间3h的条件下,锌、铟、铜的浸出率都在96%以上,浸出液中95%以上的铁被还原为二价铁离子,满足后续工艺的要求。
Simultaneous acid leaching on neutral residue mixed with zinc concentrate with high-iron sphalerite was tested.Zinc remaining in neutral leaching residue as zinc ferrite and zinc in zinc concentrate were simultaneously leached with sulfuric acid,and ferric iron in solution was reduced to ferrous state by reaction with zinc concentrate.Effects of mass ratio of neutral residue to zinc concentrate,initial concentration of sulfuric acid,reaction time,ratio of liquid to solid,and temperature on leaching efficiency of Zn,In,Cu,and Fe were investigated.The results show that leaching efficiency of Zn,In,and Cu is96%above,and nearly 95% Fe is Fe2+in leaching solution suitable for subsequent process under the optimum conditions including concentration of sulfuric acid of leaching terminal point of 20～40 g/L,mass ratio of neutral residue to zinc concentrate of 1∶0.25,particle size of material of-0.074 mm,ratio of liquid to solid of 6 mL/g,reaction temperature of 90℃,and reaction time of 3 h.
Simultaneous acid leaching on neutral residue mixed with zinc concentrate with high-iron sphalerite was tested.Zinc remaining in neutral leaching residue as zinc ferrite and zinc in zinc concentrate were simultaneously leached with sulfuric acid,and ferric iron in solution was reduced to ferrous state by reaction with zinc concentrate.Effects of mass ratio of neutral residue to zinc concentrate,initial concentration of sulfuric acid,reaction time,ratio of liquid to solid,and temperature on leaching efficiency of Zn,In,Cu,and Fe were investigated.The results show that leaching efficiency of Zn,In,and Cu is96%above,and nearly 95% Fe is Fe2+in leaching solution suitable for subsequent process under the optimum conditions including concentration of sulfuric acid of leaching terminal point of 20～40 g/L,mass ratio of neutral residue to zinc concentrate of 1∶0.25,particle size of material of-0.074 mm,ratio of liquid to solid of 6 mL/g,reaction temperature of 90℃,and reaction time of 3 h.
引文
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[2]GU Y,ZHANG T A,LIU Y,et al.Pressure acid leaching of zinc sulfide concentrate[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2010,20(S1):136-140.
[3]XU Z F,JIANG Q Z,WANG C Y.Atmospheric oxygenrich direct leaching behavior of zinc sulphide concentrate[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(12):3780-3787.
[4]张少博,沈强华,朱云,等.高温高酸锌浸出渣浮选银工艺研究[J].矿冶,2013,22(3):51-53.
[5]巨佳,王吉坤,张向阳,等.锌焙砂中浸渣氧压酸浸新工艺探讨[J].有色金属,2011,63(2):159-162.
[6]邓志敢,魏昶,张帆,等.湿法炼锌赤铁矿法除铁及资源综合利用新技术[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(5):38-43.
[7]张帆,魏昶,邓志敢,等.锌中浸渣-硫化锌精矿协同浸出锌和铟[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(3):40-44.
[8]彭海良.常规湿法炼锌中铁酸锌的行为研究[J].湖南有色金属,2004,20(5):20-22.
[9]陈宁,范勇,桂卫华,等.针铁矿法沉铁过程的混杂建模与控制[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(1):254-261.
[10]杨凡,邓志敢,魏昶,等.采用赤铁矿去除高铁闪锌矿浸出液中的铁[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(9):2387-2392.
[11]赵华,秦法聪,廉彩会.高温高酸浸出在传统炼锌工艺中应用的研究[J].中国有色冶金,2009,38(5):63-65.
[12]宋素格,蒋开喜,李运刚,等.湿法炼锌过程中铟铁的分离[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2006(3):5-8.
[13]俞凌飞,朱北平,陈钢.湿法炼锌赤铁矿除铁工业实践的物理化学分析[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2018(9):19-22.
[14]黄孟阳,邓志敢,朱北平,等.湿法冶金工艺赤铁矿法除铁技术原理与应用[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2019(6):1-6.
[15]张帆.湿法炼锌浸出渣与高铁锌精矿协同浸出机理与工艺研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[16]陈先友,邓志敢,魏昶,等.锌焙砂中性浸出渣还原酸浸试验研究[J].矿冶,2015,24(2):55-59.
[17]朱北平,邓志敢,张帆,魏昶.富铟锌铁渣中锌和铟的浸出与铁的同步还原[J].矿冶,2016,25(4):36-40
[18]梁铎强,王吉坤,周廷熙.闪锌矿与中性浸出渣合并氧压酸浸[J].有色金属,2009,61(4):72-76.
[19]陈先友,朱北平,陈钢,等.湿法炼锌矿浆絮凝沉降效果研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2018(10):1-4.