造锍熔炼富集含砷难处理金矿中金的研究
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摘要
在含砷难处理金矿中添加氧化铜造锍熔炼,将金和银富集在铜锍中。通过单因素实验法研究了造锍熔炼过程中主要元素的行为,得到造锍熔炼的最佳条件为:质量比m(CaO)/m(SiO_2)=0.5、m(FeO)/m(SiO_2)=2.0,物料中铜的总含量为5%,熔炼温度为1300℃,保温时间为60 min,此时金银在铜锍中得到有效富集。金在锍相中的品位为78.3g/t,回收率可达到99.98%;锍相中铜的回收率为98.64%;渣相中砷和硫含量都很低。物相分析表明铜锍相中的铜和铁主要是以Cu FeS_2、FeS、Cu_2S和Cu存在,对金具有富集作用。
Copper oxide was added to a refractory arsenic-bearing gold ore and then smelted. Gold and silver were captured by the copper-matte produced during smelt. By single-factor experiment, the optimum conditions of making the matte were as follows: m(CaO)/m(SiO_2)=0.5, m(FeO)/m(SiO_2)=2.0, the copper content in the mixed material was 5%, smelting temperature was 1300℃, holding time was 60 min. Under these conditions, gold and silver could be efficiently enriched in the copper-matte. The gold content in matte was 78.3 g/t, with a recovery rate of 99.98%, while 98.64% of copper added was found in the matte.The contents of both arsenic and sulfur in the slag were very low. The phase analysis of the copper-matte reveals that copper and iron are mainly present in the states of Cu FeS2, Fe S, Cu_2S and Cu which have enriching effect on gold.
Copper oxide was added to a refractory arsenic-bearing gold ore and then smelted. Gold and silver were captured by the copper-matte produced during smelt. By single-factor experiment, the optimum conditions of making the matte were as follows: m(CaO)/m(SiO_2)=0.5, m(FeO)/m(SiO_2)=2.0, the copper content in the mixed material was 5%, smelting temperature was 1300℃, holding time was 60 min. Under these conditions, gold and silver could be efficiently enriched in the copper-matte. The gold content in matte was 78.3 g/t, with a recovery rate of 99.98%, while 98.64% of copper added was found in the matte.The contents of both arsenic and sulfur in the slag were very low. The phase analysis of the copper-matte reveals that copper and iron are mainly present in the states of Cu FeS2, Fe S, Cu_2S and Cu which have enriching effect on gold.
引文
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[16]LANYON M.使用悉罗熔炼反应器从难处理矿石和精矿中回收金[J].中国有色冶炼,1988(5):21-32.LANYON M.Recovery of gold from refractory ores and concentrates using a siro smelting reactor[J].China nonferrous metallurgy,1988(5):21-32.
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[3]DUNN J G,CHAMBERLAIN A C.The recovery of gold from refractory arsenopyrite concentrates by pyrolysisoxidation[J].Minerals engineering,1997,10(9):919-928.
[4]GAO G L,LI D X,ZHOU Y.Kinetics of high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate oxidation by dilute nitric acid under mild conditions[J].Minerals engineering,2009,22(2):111-115.
[5]GUDYANGA F P,MAHLANGU T,ROMAN R J,et al.An acidic pressure oxidation pretreatment of refractory gold concentrates from the KweKwe roasting plant,Zimbabwe[J].Minerals engineering,1999,12(8):863-875.
[6]LI Q C,QIAN F J.Pre-oxidation of high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate by ozone and ferric ions in acidic media[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,97(1/2):61-66.
[7]DENG T L,LIAO M G.Gold recovery enhancement from a refractory flotation concentrate by sequential bioleaching and thiourea leach[J].Hydrometallurgy,2002,63(3):249-255.
[8]崔日成,杨洪英,富瑶,等.不同含砷类型金矿的细菌氧化-氰化浸出[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(3):694-699.CUI R C.YANG H Y,FU Y,et al.Bacterial oxidationcyanidation leaching for varied arsenal-bearing golden ore[J].Chinese journal of nonferrous metals,2011,21(3):694-699.
[9]LANGHANS D.Biooxidation of an arsenic-bearing refractory gold ore[J].Minerals engineering,1995,8(1/2):147-158.
[10]UBALDINI S,TORO L,ABBRUZZESE C.Combined bio-hydrometallurgical process for gold recovery from refractory stibnite[J].Minerals engineering,2000,13(14/15):1641-1646.
[11]LIU J,CHI R,ZENG Z.Selective arsenic-fixing roast of refractory gold concentrate[J].Metallurgical and materials transactions B,2000,31(6):1163-1168.
[12]AMANKWAH P K,PICKLES C A.Microwave roasting of a carbonaceous sulphidic gold concentrate[J].Minerals engineering,2009,22(13):1095-1101.
[13]ANGELIDIS T N,KYDROS K A.Selective gold dissolution from a roasted auriferous pyrite-arsenopyrite concentrate[J].Hydrometallurgy,1995,37(1):75-88.
[14]HOL A,RENATA D,GUS V W.The effect of anaerobic processes on the leach ability of an arsenopyrit refractory ore[J].Minerals engineering,2011,24(6):535-540.
[15]JONES R T,GELDENHUYS I J.The pros and cons of reductive matte smelting for PGMs[J].Minerals engineering,2011,24(6):495-498.
[16]LANYON M.使用悉罗熔炼反应器从难处理矿石和精矿中回收金[J].中国有色冶炼,1988(5):21-32.LANYON M.Recovery of gold from refractory ores and concentrates using a siro smelting reactor[J].China nonferrous metallurgy,1988(5):21-32.