吉林省城市人群心脑血管疾病相关影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解吉林省城市人群心脑血管疾病相关影响因素,为有针对性地开展心脑血管疾病的防控提供科学依据。方法通过入户问卷调查的方式收集2016年调查对象的一般健康状况、生活习惯、相关的环境资料以及心脑血管疾病的患病情况,运用统计学方法探讨居民心脑血管疾病的环境相关影响因素。结果调查对象为4221人,其中患心脑血管疾病452例,患病率为10.7%;单因素分析结果显示,心脑血管疾病的患病率在不同文化程度、过敏史、家族史、居住城市、垃圾站、冬季开窗、冬季做饭燃料方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,心脑血管疾病的影响因素有文化程度、家族史、垃圾站、冬季开窗和冬季做饭燃料,其中家族史、垃圾站和冬季开窗为危险因素。结论吉林省城市居民心脑血管疾病的发病率较高,文化程度、家族史、垃圾站、冬季开窗和冬季做饭燃料可能是心脑血管疾病的影响因素。
Objective To investigate influencing factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in two cities of Jilin province and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods We conducted a household questionnaire survey among 4 221 residents living in the two cities more than6 months to collect information on general health status, living habits and environment, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidents using random cluster sampling in 2016. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis were used in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among the participants aged 0-107 years(averaged 45.7 ± 20.4),452 suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with a prevalence rate of 10.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that the prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases differed significantly by education, allergy history, family disease history, living residence(city), whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season(P< 0.05 for all). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that significant influencing factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases included education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season, of which, family disease history, residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, and opening windows at home during winter season were significant risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are relatively high and mainly influenced by education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season among urban residents in Jilin province.
Objective To investigate influencing factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in two cities of Jilin province and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods We conducted a household questionnaire survey among 4 221 residents living in the two cities more than6 months to collect information on general health status, living habits and environment, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidents using random cluster sampling in 2016. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis were used in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among the participants aged 0-107 years(averaged 45.7 ± 20.4),452 suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with a prevalence rate of 10.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that the prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases differed significantly by education, allergy history, family disease history, living residence(city), whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season(P< 0.05 for all). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that significant influencing factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases included education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season, of which, family disease history, residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, and opening windows at home during winter season were significant risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are relatively high and mainly influenced by education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season among urban residents in Jilin province.
引文
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[13]张博强,田园梦,游弋,等.辽宁省西部地区城乡居民心脑血管疾病患病现状及影响因素调查[J].现代医药卫生,2018(5):674-676.
[14]李为群,朱颖杰,王任彤,等.大庆市老年人慢性病患病状况及其主要疾病影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2014(9):2526-2528.
[15]朱玮玮,华琦.GNB3基因C825T位多态性与高血压患者发生心脑血管事件相关性研究进展[J].慢性病学杂志,2015(6):658-660.
[16]梁翠兰.对心脑血管疾病的危险因素及预防方法探讨[J].中西医结合心血管病杂志:电子版,2016,4(34):87-88.
[17]何英华,潘阳,刘建伟.吉林省两城市空气污染物分布特征研究[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017(5):380-385.
[18]邢麟,王巍,余洋,等.雾霾天气对老年呼吸系统及心血管疾病的影响[J].职业与健康,2014, 30(16):2277-2279.
[19]张晓平,张志琴,苏兵,等.太原市大气CO污染对65岁及以上人群心脑血管疾病死亡率的急性影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2008,25(8):672-675.
[2]任怡.心脑血管疾病的常见危险因素及预防方法[J].医学信息旬刊,2009,01(7):257.
[3]沙占青.治疗心脑血管疾病中成药的市场前景及用药的合理选择[J].黑龙江医药,2014(4):871-874.
[4]王立海.浅谈多酚类物质对心脑血管保护作用[J].健康必读旬刊,2012(9):224.
[5]刘艳玲.心脑血管急重症的早期干预策略[J].医学信息,2014(39):495.
[6]李胜杰,郑珺,李德明.心脑血管疾病的危险因素及预防方法分析[J].医药卫生:全文版,2016(12):00117.
[7]杨海兵,沈洁,贾秋放,等.大气污染物和气象因素对心脑血管疾病影响的研究进展[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010, 14(3):266-268.
[8]岳海燕,申双和.呼吸道和心脑血管疾病与气象条件关系的研究进展[J].气象与环境学报,2009, 25(2):57-61.
[9]何慧德.中国老年流行病学概况[J].中国老年学杂志,1988(s1):33-34.
[10]黄飚,周青.城市环境污染对人类健康的影响[J].生物学教学,2005,30(8):2-5.
[11]田丽.双心护理在冠状动脉介入患者护理中的应用价值[J].医药卫生:文摘版,00127.
[12]温兴艳.对心脑血管病病人开展健康教育的必要性[J].中国保健营养,2012, 22(22):5380.
[13]张博强,田园梦,游弋,等.辽宁省西部地区城乡居民心脑血管疾病患病现状及影响因素调查[J].现代医药卫生,2018(5):674-676.
[14]李为群,朱颖杰,王任彤,等.大庆市老年人慢性病患病状况及其主要疾病影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2014(9):2526-2528.
[15]朱玮玮,华琦.GNB3基因C825T位多态性与高血压患者发生心脑血管事件相关性研究进展[J].慢性病学杂志,2015(6):658-660.
[16]梁翠兰.对心脑血管疾病的危险因素及预防方法探讨[J].中西医结合心血管病杂志:电子版,2016,4(34):87-88.
[17]何英华,潘阳,刘建伟.吉林省两城市空气污染物分布特征研究[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017(5):380-385.
[18]邢麟,王巍,余洋,等.雾霾天气对老年呼吸系统及心血管疾病的影响[J].职业与健康,2014, 30(16):2277-2279.
[19]张晓平,张志琴,苏兵,等.太原市大气CO污染对65岁及以上人群心脑血管疾病死亡率的急性影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2008,25(8):672-675.