基于载人潜水器的高分辨力温度梯度检测系统
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摘要
针对深海热液区沉积物温度梯度变化微小、水下精细探测难度大等问题,提出了一种基于载人潜水器的高分辨力温度梯度检测系统。系统主要包括温度梯度探针和电子舱,探针和电子舱之间用水密揽连接,探针内装有高精度NTC热敏元件,电子舱内装有精密信号调理电路、系统控制单元和锂电池等模块。本文从原理上对信号调理电路进行设计,提高了系统分辨力,降低了电路漂移和失调性能,解决了NTC热敏元件互换性差、输出信号微弱等问题;对系统结构进行有限元分析,优化设计结构,减轻了系统重量;最后在实验室完成了系统测试,本系统使用标定分度为0.05℃的NTC热敏元件,系统量程为0～5℃,分辨力0.001℃,工作水深范围是2 000～4 000 m。在西南印度洋大禧热液区搭载蛟龙号载人潜水器完成了水下实验,实验结果表明,本系统结构设计合理,能够与载人潜水器协同作业,成功获取了大禧热液区深海沉积物的温度梯度数据。
A high resolution temperature gradient detection system based on manned submersible is proposed in view of the small changes in the temperature gradient of the sediment in the deep-sea hydrothermal area and the difficulty of the fine underwater detection. The system mainly includes the temperature gradient probe and the electronic cabin, the probe and the electronic cabin are connected with water, the probe is equipped with high precision NTC thermosensitive components, and the electronic module is equipped with the precision signal conditioning circuit, the system control unit and the lithium battery module. In this paper, the signal conditioning circuit is designed in principle, which improves the system resolution, reduces the circuit drift and misalignment, solves the problems of poor interchangeability and weak output signal of NTC thermosensitive components. The system structure is analyzed by finite element analysis, the design structure is optimized and the weight of the system is reduced. Finally, the system test is completed in the laboratory. The system uses the calibration score of 0.05. The NTC thermistors at the temperature range is 0～5 degrees, the resolution is 0.001 degrees, and the working water depth is 2 000～4 000 meters. The underwater test was carried out on a manned submersible in the Great Jubilee hot water area of the India Ocean in Southwest China. The experimental results show that the structure of the system is reasonable and can be worked together with the manned submersible, and the temperature gradient data of the deep-sea sediment in the Great Jubilee hydrothermal area have been successfully obtained.
A high resolution temperature gradient detection system based on manned submersible is proposed in view of the small changes in the temperature gradient of the sediment in the deep-sea hydrothermal area and the difficulty of the fine underwater detection. The system mainly includes the temperature gradient probe and the electronic cabin, the probe and the electronic cabin are connected with water, the probe is equipped with high precision NTC thermosensitive components, and the electronic module is equipped with the precision signal conditioning circuit, the system control unit and the lithium battery module. In this paper, the signal conditioning circuit is designed in principle, which improves the system resolution, reduces the circuit drift and misalignment, solves the problems of poor interchangeability and weak output signal of NTC thermosensitive components. The system structure is analyzed by finite element analysis, the design structure is optimized and the weight of the system is reduced. Finally, the system test is completed in the laboratory. The system uses the calibration score of 0.05. The NTC thermistors at the temperature range is 0～5 degrees, the resolution is 0.001 degrees, and the working water depth is 2 000～4 000 meters. The underwater test was carried out on a manned submersible in the Great Jubilee hot water area of the India Ocean in Southwest China. The experimental results show that the structure of the system is reasonable and can be worked together with the manned submersible, and the temperature gradient data of the deep-sea sediment in the Great Jubilee hydrothermal area have been successfully obtained.
引文
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[17] 李柯良,徐行,任旭光,等. ROV专用热流探针的机械结构设计[J]. 冶金信息导刊,2015(4):68-71.
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[19] 杨浩,唐飞,李曙哲,等.便携式代谢率检测系统的误差分析及改进[J].传感技术学报,2014,27(11):1490-1494.
[20] 吴世国,张健.海洋地球物理探测[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[21] 晏天,梁杰,钱飞,等.高精度海水恒温槽的性能测试及不确定度评定[J].计量与测试技术,2017,44(12):1-3.
[2] 李官保,裴彦良,刘保华. 海底热流探测技术综述[J]. 地球物理学进展,2005,20 (3):611-619.
[3] 丁忠军,刘保华,刘忠臣,等.海洋沉积物多参数原位探测微探针研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2009,23(12):44-48.
[4] 丁忠军,刘保华,李官保.海洋沉积物热导率高精度快速测量系统研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2008(5):1049-1053.
[5] 刘希民.基于电流法的热电阻温度测量装置[J].仪器仪表学报,2007(S1):31-34,49.
[6] 张瑜,张升伟.基于铂电阻传感器的高精度温度检测系统设计[J].传感技术学报,2010,23(3):311-314.
[7] 何云丰,曹小涛,刘南南,等.基于恒流源的高精度空间光学遥感器测温电路[J].国外电子测量技术,2016,35(6):76-81.
[8] 范寒柏,谢汉华.基于NTC热敏电阻的三种高精度测温系统研究[J].传感技术学报,2010,23(11):1576-1579.
[9] 冯志涛,李家军,李墨,等.自返式微型地热探针温度测量电路设计与实现[J].海洋技术学报,2017,36(6):44-48.
[10] 吕九红,刘颉,罗玉玺.深海地热探针控制系统设计与实现[J].海洋技术学报,2016,35(6):72-76.
[11] 罗玉玺,郑国芝,孙牵宇.深海地热探针的设计及应用[J].海洋技术,2012,31(1):62-66.
[12] 郑国芝,罗玉玺,孙牵宇.深海沉积物地热探针结构设计分析[J].海洋技术,2009,28(3):114-117.
[13] PFENDER M, VILLINGER H. Miniaturized data loggers for deep sea sediment temperature gradient measurements[J]. Marine Geology, 2002, 186(3):557-570.
[14] CHANG H I, SHYU C T. Compact high-resolution temperature loggers for measuring the thermal gradients of marine sediments[J]. Marine Geophysical Research, 2011, 32(4):465-479.
[15] 徐志豪,陈益民,徐鸣亚,等.多通道深海沉积物原位温度梯度探针设计[J].机械与电子,2013(5):40-42,68.
[16] 梁康康,童怀,徐鸣亚,等.深海机器人专用热流探针设计[J].传感器与微系统,2014,33(9):62-64,67.
[17] 李柯良,徐行,任旭光,等. ROV专用热流探针的机械结构设计[J]. 冶金信息导刊,2015(4):68-71.
[18] 梁嘉琪,董浩斌,葛健.多传感器高准确度便携式温度测量仪[J].中国测试,2016,42(5):70-74.
[19] 杨浩,唐飞,李曙哲,等.便携式代谢率检测系统的误差分析及改进[J].传感技术学报,2014,27(11):1490-1494.
[20] 吴世国,张健.海洋地球物理探测[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[21] 晏天,梁杰,钱飞,等.高精度海水恒温槽的性能测试及不确定度评定[J].计量与测试技术,2017,44(12):1-3.