不同纤维增强混凝土力学性能和破坏形态对比试验
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摘要
首先通过试验对比了不同纤维体积掺量下玄武岩纤维增强混凝土的力学性能(抗压强度、劈拉强度、弹性模量等)和破坏形态,然后对比了5种不同纤维掺加方案(玄武岩纤维、碳纤维、钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维和玄武岩-聚丙烯混杂纤维)下混凝土的力学性能和破坏形态,最后进一步探讨了减水剂和硅灰对玄武岩纤维混凝土力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:掺加0. 05%～0. 2%体积掺量的玄武岩纤维可以提高混凝土的劈拉强度,改善破坏后试块的完整性,但会降低立方体和轴心的抗压强度;纤维体积掺量相同时,聚丙烯纤维对混凝土劈拉强度的提升效果最佳;不同纤维对混凝土的弹性模量影响不大,会对抗压强度造成不利影响,但均具有一定的阻裂作用;减水剂会削弱玄武岩纤维混凝土中纤维与基体的界面粘结,降低玄武岩纤维混凝土的力学性能,可以通过掺加硅灰来改善。
In order to investigate mechanical properties and failure features of different fiber-reinforced concrete,specimen tests were carried out to compare the effects of different fiber volume fractions on compressive strengths,splitting tensile strengths and modulus of elasticity. Five different types of fiber-reinforced concrete were evaluated involving basalt fibers,carbon fibers,steel fibers,polypropylene fibers and the hybrid of basalt and polypropylene fibers. More attentions were focused on the basalt fiber-reinforced concrete. The effects of superplasticizer and silica fume on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete were further discussed. The test results demonstrate that the 0. 05% ～ 0. 2% volume fraction addition of basalt fibers improved the splitting tensile strengths,as well as the integrity of the damaged specimens. However,the cubic and axial compressive strengths of basalt fiberreinforced concrete decreased with the increase of the volume fraction. On the other hand,under the precondition of an identical volume fraction,polypropylene fibers mostly contributed to the splitting tensile strengths of concrete since all the fibers presented a satisfactory anti-cracking effect. However,all the 5 types of fibers show little effects on modulus of elasticity and caused adverse effects the compressive strengths. With respect to the basalt fiber-reinforced concrete,superplasticizer commonly used in engineering could weaken the bonding interfaces between fibers and concrete,resulting in worse mechanical properties. Fortunately,this influence could be improved by adding silica fume.
In order to investigate mechanical properties and failure features of different fiber-reinforced concrete,specimen tests were carried out to compare the effects of different fiber volume fractions on compressive strengths,splitting tensile strengths and modulus of elasticity. Five different types of fiber-reinforced concrete were evaluated involving basalt fibers,carbon fibers,steel fibers,polypropylene fibers and the hybrid of basalt and polypropylene fibers. More attentions were focused on the basalt fiber-reinforced concrete. The effects of superplasticizer and silica fume on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete were further discussed. The test results demonstrate that the 0. 05% ～ 0. 2% volume fraction addition of basalt fibers improved the splitting tensile strengths,as well as the integrity of the damaged specimens. However,the cubic and axial compressive strengths of basalt fiberreinforced concrete decreased with the increase of the volume fraction. On the other hand,under the precondition of an identical volume fraction,polypropylene fibers mostly contributed to the splitting tensile strengths of concrete since all the fibers presented a satisfactory anti-cracking effect. However,all the 5 types of fibers show little effects on modulus of elasticity and caused adverse effects the compressive strengths. With respect to the basalt fiber-reinforced concrete,superplasticizer commonly used in engineering could weaken the bonding interfaces between fibers and concrete,resulting in worse mechanical properties. Fortunately,this influence could be improved by adding silica fume.
引文
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[2]陈兵,潘洪源.微硅粉对钢纤维高强混凝土性能影响研究[J].混凝土,2003(11):18-20.
[3]李学英,马新伟,韩兆祥,等.聚丙烯纤维混凝土的工作性与力学性能[J].武汉理工大学学报,2009(5):9-12.
[4]佟钰,田鑫,朱长军,等.短切碳纤维混凝土的力学强度实验与分析[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(8):2281-2285.
[5]张兰芳,尹玉龙,刘晶伟,等.玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2014(11):2834-2837.
[6]Kizilkanat A B,Kabay N,AkyüncüV,et al.Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of basalt and glass fiber reinforced concrete:An experimental study[J].Construction&Building Materials,2015,100:218-224.
[7]Wlodarczyk,Jedrzejewski I.Concrete slabs strengthened with basalt fibres-experimental tests results[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,153:866-873.
[8]覃潇,申爱琴,郭寅川.玄武岩纤维沥青胶浆性能试验研究[J].建筑材料学报,2016,19(4):659-664.
[9]Wu H,Zhao J,Wang Z.Study on micro-structure and durability of fiber concrete[J].Research Journal of Applied Sciences Engineering&Technology,2013,5(2):659-664.
[10]Chen X,Wu S,Zhou J.Influence of porosityon compressive and tensile strength of cementmortar[J].Construction&Building Materials,2013,40(3):869-874.
[11]叶邦土,蒋金洋,王文灏,等.矿物掺和料对玄武岩纤维水泥砂浆强度发展的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2014,17(3):521-525.
[12]Jalal A,Shafiq N,Nikbakht E,et al.Mechanical properties of hybrid basalt-polyvinylalcohol(PVA)fiber reinforced concrete[J].Key Engineering Materials,2017,744:3-7.
[13]中国建筑科学研究院.普通混凝土配合比设计规程:JGJ 55-2011[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[14]王国建,魏敬亮.混凝土高效减水剂及其作用机理研究进展[J].建筑材料学报,2004,7(2):188-193.
[15]杨帆,卢哲安,颜岩,等.玄武岩纤维增强水泥基材料的物理力学性能试验研究[J].混凝土,2010(4):51-53.
[16]中国建筑科学研究院.普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准:GB/T 50081-2002[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[17]康秋波,方永浩,邓红芬.玄武岩/聚丙烯纤维水泥砂浆的力学性能与抗裂性[J].材料导报,2011,25(12):122-126.
[18]Mindess S,Young J F,Darwin D.混凝土[M].吴科如,张雄,姚武,译.北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[10]贺东青,鲁畅.纤维混凝土弹性模量及泊松比试验研究[J].建筑技术,2015,46(1):50-52.
[20]过镇海,时旭东.钢筋混凝土原理和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.