东濮凹陷西斜坡盐湖相原油地球化学特征与油源分析
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摘要
东濮凹陷西斜坡油气成因与成藏机理复杂。采用色谱-质谱、傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(ESI FT-ICR MS)、单体烃碳同位素等地球化学方法对东濮凹陷西斜坡原油特征及成因进行了剖析。共分出两种成因类型原油,第Ⅰ类为马寨地区原油,具有较低Pr/Ph(均值0. 39)和C29-/C30-藿烷(均值0. 33)、较高C35-/C34-藿烷(均值1. 56)和二苯并噻吩/菲值(均值0. 27)等强还原性、盐湖相原油特征,主要来自马寨次洼沙三下—沙四上亚段烃源岩;第Ⅱ类为胡庆-邢庄地区原油,盐湖相特征不及第Ⅰ类,主要来自柳屯、海通集洼陷埋深> 3 000 m的沙三下—沙四上亚段烃源岩。ESI-FT ICR MS检测到深部原油含有热稳定性较低的硫化物,其硫同位素也偏高,指示TSR对深部油气的改造作用。观察到西斜坡地区烃源岩具有明显不同的两种热演化趋势,反映膏盐岩对烃源岩生烃演化显著的控制作用。西斜坡已发现原油大多具有低熟、早期成藏特征,与海通集、柳屯洼陷深部较高热演化程度烃源岩较为发育不太匹配,指示研究区具有潜在的深部油气勘探前景。
The hydrocarbons generation and migration style in the West Slope of the Dongpu Sag is rather complex. Geochemical methods including GC/MS,ESI FT-ICR MS and isotopic analysis,combined with geological methods are used to reveal hydrocarbon characteristics and genetic mechanisms for the saline lacustrine oils.The crude oils analyzed were subdivided into two oil families. Oil family-I is these oils in the Mazhai Tectonic Belt,which were characterized by relatively low ratios of Pr/Ph( mean 0. 39) and C29-/C30-hopane( mean0. 33),and relatively high ratios of C35-/C34-hopane( mean 1. 56) as well as dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene( mean 0. 27). This family was primarily derived from the Es3 L-Es4 Umudstones/shales deposited under strong reduction and saline-water paleoenvironment in the Mazhai Sag. Oil family-Ⅱ is those oils in the Huqing-Xingzhuang area,featured by characteristics of a little different from the family-I,which has a relatively low ratio of C35-/C34-hopane and dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene relative to the oil family-I. The oils of family-Ⅱ are primarily derived from the Es3 L-Es4 Umudstones/shales in the Huqing Tectonic Belt and the adjacent Haitongqi Subsag with a burial depth > 3,000 m according to oil-source rock correlation. It is the precursors and paleoenvironment which caused the differences between the oils. Abundant sulfur compounds with relatively low thermal stability were detected in the deep oils analyzed by ESI FT-ICR MS,accompanied by relatively high sulfur isotope of individual sulfur compounds. Both of the phenomenon suggest thermochemical sulfate reduction( TSR) experienced by the oils. Two thermal evolution trends were observed for the source rocks in the area suggesting affection of thick gypsum-salt rocks on the hydrocarbons generation of the source rocks. Most of the crude oils in the Huqing area are less mature,which is not coincided with the considerable amounts of deep source rocks developed in the area,suggesting a good potential of deep tight oil-gas exploration and exploitation in the area.
The hydrocarbons generation and migration style in the West Slope of the Dongpu Sag is rather complex. Geochemical methods including GC/MS,ESI FT-ICR MS and isotopic analysis,combined with geological methods are used to reveal hydrocarbon characteristics and genetic mechanisms for the saline lacustrine oils.The crude oils analyzed were subdivided into two oil families. Oil family-I is these oils in the Mazhai Tectonic Belt,which were characterized by relatively low ratios of Pr/Ph( mean 0. 39) and C29-/C30-hopane( mean0. 33),and relatively high ratios of C35-/C34-hopane( mean 1. 56) as well as dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene( mean 0. 27). This family was primarily derived from the Es3 L-Es4 Umudstones/shales deposited under strong reduction and saline-water paleoenvironment in the Mazhai Sag. Oil family-Ⅱ is those oils in the Huqing-Xingzhuang area,featured by characteristics of a little different from the family-I,which has a relatively low ratio of C35-/C34-hopane and dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene relative to the oil family-I. The oils of family-Ⅱ are primarily derived from the Es3 L-Es4 Umudstones/shales in the Huqing Tectonic Belt and the adjacent Haitongqi Subsag with a burial depth > 3,000 m according to oil-source rock correlation. It is the precursors and paleoenvironment which caused the differences between the oils. Abundant sulfur compounds with relatively low thermal stability were detected in the deep oils analyzed by ESI FT-ICR MS,accompanied by relatively high sulfur isotope of individual sulfur compounds. Both of the phenomenon suggest thermochemical sulfate reduction( TSR) experienced by the oils. Two thermal evolution trends were observed for the source rocks in the area suggesting affection of thick gypsum-salt rocks on the hydrocarbons generation of the source rocks. Most of the crude oils in the Huqing area are less mature,which is not coincided with the considerable amounts of deep source rocks developed in the area,suggesting a good potential of deep tight oil-gas exploration and exploitation in the area.
引文
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[11]许杰,李银花,李建荣,等.东濮凹陷西部斜坡带沙三下亚段-沙四段油气聚集规律研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(4):16-18.
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[13]何方,杨永林,吕迎红,等.东濮凹陷西部斜坡带油气勘探潜力分析[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(1):25-26.
[14]WAN Zhonghua,LI Sumei,PANG Xiongqi,et al.Characteristics and geochemical significance of heteroatom compounds in terrestrial oils by negative-ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Organic Geochemistry,2017,111:34-55.
[15]SEIFERT W K,MOLDOWAN J M.Use of biological markers in petroleum exploration[J].Methods in Geochemistry&Geophysics,1986,24:261-290.
[16]HUGHES W B,HOLBA A G,DZUO L I P.The ratios of dibenzothio-phene to phenanthrenes and pristane to phytane as indicators of the depositional environment and lithology of petroleum source rocks[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acia,1995,59(17):3581-3598.
[17]包建平,朱翠山,汪立群.柴达木盆地西部原油地球化学特征对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):353-359.
[18]GRBA N,AJNOVIA,STOJANOVIK,et al.Preservation of diagenetic products ofβ-carotene in sedimentary rocks from the Lopare Basin(Bosnia and Herzegovina)[J].Chemie der ErdeGeochemistry,2014,74(1):107-123.
[19]曾宪章,梁狄刚,王忠然,等.中国陆相原油和生油岩中的生物标志物[J].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1989:225-260.
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[22]李素梅,姜振学,董月霞,等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷原油成因类型及其分布规律[J].现代地质,2008,22(5):817-823.
[23]李素梅,庞雄奇,邱桂强,等.东营凹陷南斜坡王家岗地区第三系原油特征及其意义[J].地球化学,2005,34(5):515-524.
[24]PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M.The Biomarker Guide:Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1993:10-89.
[25]朱扬明,苏爱国,梁狄刚,等.柴达木盆地西部第三系咸水湖相原油地球化学特征[J].地质科学,2004,39(4):475-485.
[26]江继刚,彭平安,傅家谟,等.盐湖盆地油气生成运移聚集[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2004:12-40.
[27]孟仟祥,张松林,崔明中,等.不同沉积环境湖相低熟原油的芳烃分布特征[J].沉积学报,1999,17(1):112-120.
[28]张水昌,黄汝昌,于心科.盐湖盆地沉积有机质中的脱羟基维生素E[J].沉积学报,1990,8(1):57-64.
[29]LIN R Z,WANG P R.PAH in fossil fuels and their geochemical significance[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,1991,5(1):257-262.
[30]LI S M,AMRANI A,PANG X Q,et al.Origin and quantitative source assessment of deep oils in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,78:1-22.
[31]HUGHEY C A,HENDRICKSON C L,RODGERS R P,et al.Kendrick mass defect spectrum:A compact visual analysis for ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra[J].Analytical Chemistry,2001,73(19):4676-4681.
[32]OLDENBURG T B P,BROWN M,BENNETT B,et al.The impact of thermal maturity level on the composition of crude oils,assessed using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry[J].Organic Geochemistry,2014,75:151-168.
[33]QIAN K,EDWARDS K E,DIEHL J H,et al.Fundamentals and applications of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for petroleum characterization[J].Energy&Fuels,2004,18(6):1784-1791.
[34]LI S,SHI Q,PANG X,et al.Origin of the unusually high dibenzothiophene oils in Tazhong-4 Oilfield of Tarim Basin and its implication in deep petroleum exploration[J].Organic Geochemistry,2012,48:56-80.
[35]KIM S,STANFORD L A,RODGERS R P,et al.Microbial alteration of the acidic and neutral polar NSO compounds revealed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36:1117-1134.
[36]LIAO Y,SHI Q,HSU C S,et al.Distribution of acids and nitrogen-containing compounds in biodegraded oils of the Liaohe Basin by negative ion ESI FT-ICR MS[J].Organic Geochemistry,2012,47:51-65.
[37]PAN Y,LIAO Y,ZHENG Y.Effect of biodegradation on the molecular composition and structure of asphaltenes:Clues from quantitative Py-GC and THM-GC[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,86:32-44.
[38]LI S,AMRANI A,PANG X,et al.Origin and quantitative source assessment of deep oils in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,78:1-22.
[39]LIU P,LI M,JIANG Q,et al.Effect of secondary oil migration distance on composition of acidic NSO compounds in crude oils determined by negative-ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,78:23-31.
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