石油轻馏分的分子水平表征技术研究进展
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摘要
石油轻馏分的分子水平认识是实现石油炼制过程分子管理的重要组成部分。采用气相色谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪等先进仪器,结合现代分离技术,建立了催化裂化干气中的痕量NO_x,车用汽油中违法掺入的杂原子化合物,中间馏分中不同类型异构烷烃、烯烃、烃类和非烃类单体化合物的分析方法;利用计算机技术,将这些定性、定量分析方法智能化,使这些方法在石化行业得到广泛的推广利用。笔者对近年来石油化工科学研究院在石油轻馏分的分子水平表征工作进行了总结和归纳,在此基础上,根据实际工作的经验,对将来应重点开展的工作提出了建议。
Understanding the molecular compositions of petroleum light fractions plays an important role in realizing molecule management of petroleum refining processes.The Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP)has established various methods to analyze trace NO_x in FCC dry gas,illegally added heteroatomic compounds in vehicle gasoline,and different types of isoparaffins,olefins,monomers in hydrocarbons and non hydrocarbons compounds present in middle distillates using GC or GC-MS,with the assistance of modern separation techniques.Moreover,we have also intelligentized these qualitative and quantitative methods using computer technologies.As a result,these methods were widely adopted and utilized in the petrochemical industry.This review summarized the work of RIPP on analytical methods of petroleum light fractions at the molecular level,and provided suggestion on future directions within this field.
Understanding the molecular compositions of petroleum light fractions plays an important role in realizing molecule management of petroleum refining processes.The Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP)has established various methods to analyze trace NO_x in FCC dry gas,illegally added heteroatomic compounds in vehicle gasoline,and different types of isoparaffins,olefins,monomers in hydrocarbons and non hydrocarbons compounds present in middle distillates using GC or GC-MS,with the assistance of modern separation techniques.Moreover,we have also intelligentized these qualitative and quantitative methods using computer technologies.As a result,these methods were widely adopted and utilized in the petrochemical industry.This review summarized the work of RIPP on analytical methods of petroleum light fractions at the molecular level,and provided suggestion on future directions within this field.
引文
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[2]田松柏.原油及加工科技进展[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2006:502-506.
[3]张月琴,汪燮卿,宋以常,等.炼油厂烯烃资源气中NOx的分析方法研究与应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2015,46(1):83-88.(ZHANG Yueqin,WANG Xieqing,SONG Yichang,et al.Study and application of analytical method for NOx in refinery olefin-containing gas[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2015,46(1):83-88.)
[4]王亚敏,李长秀.一种有含氧化合物存在的烃类混合气体组成分析仪:中国,CN 201110046932.6[P].2011-02-28.
[5]王亚敏.一种有含氧化合物存在的烃类混合气体的分析方法:中国,CN 201110046924.1[P].2011-02-28.
[6]NB/SH/T 0919-2015.气体燃料和天然气中含硫化合物的测定气相色谱和化学发光检测法[S].2015-10-27.
[7]李长秀,刘颖荣,杨海鹰,等.气相色谱法测定汽油烃类组成分析技术的应用现状与发展[J].色谱,2004,22(5):521-527.(LI Changxiu,LIU Yingrong,YANG Haiying,et al.Analyses of gasoline range hydrocarbons by gas chromatography[J].Chinese Journal of Chromatography,2004,22(5):521-527.)
[8]刘颖荣,许育鹏,杨海鹰,等.汽油样品类型的模式识别研究与应用[J].色谱,2004,22(5):482-485.(LIU Yingrong,XU Yupeng,YANG Haiying,et al.Investigation and application of gasoline sample identity technique[J].Chinese Journal of Chromatography,2004,22(5):482-485.)
[9]刘颖荣,许育鹏,杨海鹰.基于单体烃分析的辛烷值测定方法中模糊聚类技术的应用研究[J].色谱,2004,22(5):486-489.(LIU Yingrong,XU Yupeng,YANG Haiying.Investigation of fuzzy-clustering in octane number prediction model based on detailed hydrocarbon analysis data[J].Chinese Journal of Chromatography,2004,22(5):486-489.)
[10]王亚敏,李长秀,杨海鹰.一种利用气相色谱自动分析汽油组成的方法:中国,CN 200810166858.X[P].2010-03-31.
[11]李长秀,王亚敏,杨海鹰.利用气相色谱自动分析汽油单体烃组成的方法:中国,CN 200910135879.X[P].2010-11-03.
[12]李颖,刘泽龙,祝馨怡,等.GC-MS法检测车用汽油中C1~C4醇[J].石油炼制与化工,2014,45(2):79-83.(LI Ying,LIU Zelong,ZHU Xinyi,et al.Determination of C1-C4alcohols in motor gasoline by GC-MS method[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2014,45(2):79-83.)
[13]李颖,刘泽龙,刘颖荣,等.GC-MS法测定汽油中的金属抗爆剂[J].石油化工,2015,44(2):246-251.(LI Ying,LIU Zelong,LIU Yingrong,et al.Determination of metal anti-knocking agents in gasoline by GC-MS method[J].Petrochemical Technology,2015,44(2):246-251.)
[14]李长秀,王亚敏,金珂.气相色谱法测定汽油馏分中微量小分子含氧化合物[J].石油炼制与化工,2016,47(8):102-108.(LI Changxiu,WANG Yamin,JIN Ke.Determination of trace level light oxygenates in gasoline by gas chromatography[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2016,47(8):102-108.)
[15]史军歌,杨德凤,韩江华.石脑油中有机氯化物的形态及含量分析方法研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2013,44(8):85-89.(SHI Junge,YANG Defeng,HAN Jianghua.Qualitative and quantitative analysis for organic chlorides in naphtha[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2013,44(8):85-89.)
[16]张月琴.汽油中氮化物的定性定量方法研究与应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2016,47(4):91-95.(ZHANG Yueqin.Development and application of qualitative and quantitative analysis for nitrogen compounds in gasoline[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2016,47(4):91-95.)
[17]李长秀.气相色谱测定成品汽油中非常规含氧添加剂的方法:中国,CN 201310513648.4[P].2013-10-25.
[18]刘泽龙,李颖,刘颖荣.一种汽油中有机氮和/或含氧添加物的萃取分类和测定方法:中国,CN 201510718583.6[P].2015-10-29.
[19]王亚敏,杨海鹰.智能化色谱分析软件的研究与应用探讨[J].现代科学仪器,2008,(4):110-113.(WANG Yamin,YANG Haiying.Discussing and application for intelligent chromatogram software[J].Modern Scientific Instruments,2008,(4):110-113.)
[20]高枝荣,杨海鹰,李长秀,等.脉冲微反产物中汽油馏分单体烃组成在线分析方法:中国,CN 200710064985.4[P].2008-10-01.
[21]李长秀,杨海鹰,王征.一种新的汽油辛烷值的气相色谱测定方法[J].色谱,2003,21(1):81-84.(LI Changxiu,YANG Haiying,WANG Zheng.A new method for determination of octane number of gasoline by gas chromatography[J].Chinese Journal of Chromatography,2003,21(1):81-84.)
[22]李长秀,王征,杨海鹰.用气相色谱单体烃数据计算汽油的多项物性参数[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(5):68-72.(LI Changxiu,WANG Zheng,YANG Haiying.Calculation of physical/chemical parameters of gasoline from detailed hydrocarbon data by gas chromatography[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2004,35(5):68-72.)
[23]李长秀,王亚敏,田松柏.成品汽油组成及馏程与计算辛烷值的分布关系[J].石油学报(石油加工),2017,33(1):138-143.(LI Changxiu,WANG Yamin,TIAN Songbai.Relationship between gasoline composition and calculated octane number distribution according to boiling point range[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2017,33(1):138-143.)
[24]蒋婧婕,刘颖荣,刘泽龙,等.气相色谱-场电离飞行时间质谱测定中间馏分油中链烷烃的形态分布[J].分析化学,2016,44(3):416-422.(JIANG Jingjie,LIU Yingrong,LIU Zelong,et al.Paraffins species distribution analysis in petroleum middle fractions by GC field ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].2016,44(3):416-422.)
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