韦伯-费希纳模型在湖泊(水库)预警评价中的应用
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摘要
[目的]对福建省的莆田东圳水库、福清东张水库、三明东牙溪水库水环境质量及预警等级进行评价,为湖泊(水库)水环境预警评价提供一种过程简单,结果科学合理的评价方法。[方法]根据韦伯—费希纳模型(Weber-Fechner’s model)的基本原理,以表征水库水环境的溶解氧(DO),化学需氧量(CODMn),总磷(TP),NH_3-N,总氮(TN)等参数作为评价指标,利用水环境综合指数ki来评价水库水环境质量及预警等级。[结果]莆田东圳水库2010年第1,2季度以及2012年第3季度处于中重警。福清东张水库2013年第3季度为轻警,2012年第1季度处于中重警。三明东牙溪水库2010年第4季度、2011第3季度、2012年第3季度、2013第3,4季度为轻警。其余季度上述水库水质预警等级为中警。[结论]韦伯—费希纳模型能够定量描述湖泊(水库)水环境质量的感觉强度变化关系,客观反映湖泊(水库)水环境质量变化的影响;该模型具有计算过程简单,评价精度高,应用性强等优点,为湖泊(水库)水质预警等级综合评价提供了新方法,拓展了评价模型的应用范围。
[Objective]To provide a simple,scientific and reasonable method for water environment forewarning of lakes(reservoirs),the evaluations of water quality and forewarning level of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir,Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir,and Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir in Fujian Province were conducted.[Methods]According to the Weber-Fechner's model,dissolved oxygen(DO),chemical oxygen demand(CODMn),total phosphorus(TP),inorganic nitrogen(NH_3-N),total nitrogen(TN)were taken as the evaluation indicators of water environment for reservoirs.The water quality and forewarning level were evaluated using comprehensive index kiof water environment.[Results]The water quality warning levels of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir in the 1 st and 2 nd quarters of 2010,and the 3 rd quarter of 2012 were evaluated as moderate or strong warning.In the 3 rd quarter of 2013,it was mild warning.In the 1 st quarter of 2012,it was moderate to strong for Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir.For Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir,the warning level were mild in the 4 th quarter of 2010,3 rd quarter of 2011,3 rd quarter of 2012,3 rd and 4 th quarters in2013.Otherwise,the warning levels of the above reservoirs were moderate.[Conclusion]The organoleptic water environmental quality could be evaluated and reflected objectively by the Weber-Fechner's model,which was considered as an effective tool to assess the effect of water environment quality.The model has the advantages of simple calculation process,high evaluation precision and good application.It provided a new method for comprehensive evaluation of water quality warning level for lakes(reservoirs)and expanded its application.
[Objective]To provide a simple,scientific and reasonable method for water environment forewarning of lakes(reservoirs),the evaluations of water quality and forewarning level of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir,Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir,and Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir in Fujian Province were conducted.[Methods]According to the Weber-Fechner's model,dissolved oxygen(DO),chemical oxygen demand(CODMn),total phosphorus(TP),inorganic nitrogen(NH_3-N),total nitrogen(TN)were taken as the evaluation indicators of water environment for reservoirs.The water quality and forewarning level were evaluated using comprehensive index kiof water environment.[Results]The water quality warning levels of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir in the 1 st and 2 nd quarters of 2010,and the 3 rd quarter of 2012 were evaluated as moderate or strong warning.In the 3 rd quarter of 2013,it was mild warning.In the 1 st quarter of 2012,it was moderate to strong for Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir.For Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir,the warning level were mild in the 4 th quarter of 2010,3 rd quarter of 2011,3 rd quarter of 2012,3 rd and 4 th quarters in2013.Otherwise,the warning levels of the above reservoirs were moderate.[Conclusion]The organoleptic water environmental quality could be evaluated and reflected objectively by the Weber-Fechner's model,which was considered as an effective tool to assess the effect of water environment quality.The model has the advantages of simple calculation process,high evaluation precision and good application.It provided a new method for comprehensive evaluation of water quality warning level for lakes(reservoirs)and expanded its application.
引文
[1]杨桂山,马荣华,张路,等.中国湖泊现状及面临的重大问题与保护策略.湖泊科学,2010,22(6):799-810.
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[7]张晓丹,黄朝君,徐菡,等.基于RBF神经网络的湖库水质富营养化程度评价模型[J].环境工程,2007,25(2):80-82.
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[11]于露,李凡修.韦伯—费希纳定律在区域生态环境质量评价中的应用[J].油气田环境保护,2011,21(3):8-10.32.
[12]李小燕,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的湖泊富营养化评价[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(3):37-39.
[13]巩如英,王飞,刘雅莉,等.韦伯—费希纳定律评价模型在景观环境质量评价中的应用[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(1):131-135.
[14]张宝,刘静玲,陈秋颖,等.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的海河流域水库水环境预警评价[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(2):268-274.
[15]钟龙芳,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的地下水环境质量评价[J].环境科学与管理,2012,12(12):189-192.
[16]廖文珍,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的海域水质综合评价[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(1):113-117.
[2]徐祖信.我国河流单因子水质标识指数评价方法研究[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(3):321-325.
[3]邬敏,李祚泳,刘智勇,等.一种改进的集对分析法在湖泊富营养评价中的应用[J].水资源保护,2009,25(2):5-9.
[4]饶清华,张江山.熵权物元分析模型在湖泊富营养化评价中的应用[J].环境工程,2006,24(6):80-82.
[5]Shen Jian.Optimal estimation of parameters for a estuarine eutrophication model[J].Ecological Modelling,2006,191(3):521-537.
[6]孔健健,张江山.属性识别理论模型在湖泊水质富营养化评价中的应用[J].环境工程,2004,22(5):66-68.
[7]张晓丹,黄朝君,徐菡,等.基于RBF神经网络的湖库水质富营养化程度评价模型[J].环境工程,2007,25(2):80-82.
[8]Dr9sler J.An n-dimensional Weber law and the corresponding Fechner law[J].Journal of Mathematical Psychology,2000,44(2):330-335.
[9]李祚泳,彭荔红.基于韦伯—费希纳拓广定律的环境空气质量标准[J].中国环境监测,2003,19(4):17-19.
[10]薛文博,易爱华,张增强.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的一种新型环境质量评价法[J].中国环境监测,2006,22(6):57-58.
[11]于露,李凡修.韦伯—费希纳定律在区域生态环境质量评价中的应用[J].油气田环境保护,2011,21(3):8-10.32.
[12]李小燕,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的湖泊富营养化评价[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(3):37-39.
[13]巩如英,王飞,刘雅莉,等.韦伯—费希纳定律评价模型在景观环境质量评价中的应用[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(1):131-135.
[14]张宝,刘静玲,陈秋颖,等.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的海河流域水库水环境预警评价[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(2):268-274.
[15]钟龙芳,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的地下水环境质量评价[J].环境科学与管理,2012,12(12):189-192.
[16]廖文珍,王菲凤,张江山.基于韦伯—费希纳定律的海域水质综合评价[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(1):113-117.