几种药剂防治番茄根结线虫病的效果研究
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摘要
为了研究10%噻唑磷、0.5%阿维菌素、1%甲维盐3种药剂对番茄根结线虫病的防治效果,以菏粉2号为试验材料,并采用盆栽的方式进行试验研究。结果表明:在3种药剂中,处理后第35、70天,10%噻唑磷土壤虫口减退率最高,虫口防治效果分别达到88.25%和88.54%;其次是0.5%阿维菌素,虫口防治效果分别达到83.94%和82.75%。10%噻唑磷平均株高最高、平均茎粗最大、平均单果质量最大,分别为102.21 cm、8.81 mm、125.5 g;1%甲维盐处理此3项指标均最低。10%噻唑磷处理根结指数最低,为17.63,根结防治效果最好,达到71.34%;其次是0.5%阿维菌素,根结防治效果为58.63%,且与10%噻唑磷处理差异达到显著水平。3种药剂处理明显降低了根结指数,提高了土壤虫口减退率,增加了番茄的株高、茎粗和单果质量,且均与CK(不施药)差异达显著水平;虫口及根结防治效果为10%噻唑磷>0.5%阿维菌素>1%甲维盐。综合表现来看,以10%噻唑磷处理效果最好。
In order to study the control effects of 10% fosthiazate, 0.5% avermectin and 1% emamectin benzoate on root-knot nematode disease of tomato, 'Hefen No.2' was used as experimental material and pot experiment was conducted. The results showed that, among the three pesticides, the decline rate of soil pest population was the highest for 10% fosthiazate on the 35 th and 70 th days after treatment whose insect population control effect reached 88.25% and 88.54% respectively, followed by 0.5% avermectin whose insect population control effect of those reached 83.94% and 82.75% respectively. 10% fosthiazate had the highest average height, the largest average stem diameter and the largest average single fruit weight,which were 102.21 cm, 8.81 mm and 125.5 g respectively. 1% emamectin benzoate treatment with above three indicators were the lowest. 10% fosthiazate had the lowest root-knot index(17.63) and the best rootknot control effect(71.34%), followed by 0.5% avermectin(58.63%) with significant difference from 10% fosthiazate. The root-knot index of tomato was significantly decreased and the decline rate of soil pest population was significantly increased. The plant height, stem diameter and fruit weight of tomato were increased, and the difference between them and CK(no pesticide) was significant. The order of insect population and root-knot control effect from high to low was 10% fosthiazate, 0.5% avermectin, 1% emamectin benzoate. In general, 10% fosthiazate was the best fosthiazate.
In order to study the control effects of 10% fosthiazate, 0.5% avermectin and 1% emamectin benzoate on root-knot nematode disease of tomato, 'Hefen No.2' was used as experimental material and pot experiment was conducted. The results showed that, among the three pesticides, the decline rate of soil pest population was the highest for 10% fosthiazate on the 35 th and 70 th days after treatment whose insect population control effect reached 88.25% and 88.54% respectively, followed by 0.5% avermectin whose insect population control effect of those reached 83.94% and 82.75% respectively. 10% fosthiazate had the highest average height, the largest average stem diameter and the largest average single fruit weight,which were 102.21 cm, 8.81 mm and 125.5 g respectively. 1% emamectin benzoate treatment with above three indicators were the lowest. 10% fosthiazate had the lowest root-knot index(17.63) and the best rootknot control effect(71.34%), followed by 0.5% avermectin(58.63%) with significant difference from 10% fosthiazate. The root-knot index of tomato was significantly decreased and the decline rate of soil pest population was significantly increased. The plant height, stem diameter and fruit weight of tomato were increased, and the difference between them and CK(no pesticide) was significant. The order of insect population and root-knot control effect from high to low was 10% fosthiazate, 0.5% avermectin, 1% emamectin benzoate. In general, 10% fosthiazate was the best fosthiazate.
引文
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[3]陈志杰,张淑莲,李泽宽,等.陕西温室番茄根结线虫病发生规律与绿色防治技术[J].陕西农业科学,2008,54(5):49-51.
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[8]李英梅,洪波,许烨,等.移土法防治根结线虫效果及对土壤养分和黄瓜生长的效应[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(7):44-48.
[9]张绍松,李成云,周晓罡,等.番茄根结线虫分离和苗期接种方法研究[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(3):659-663.
[10]肖炎农,王明祖,付艳平,等.蔬菜根结线虫病情分级方法比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(4):336-338.
[11]刘志明,白先进,秦碧霞,等.石灰氮防治番茄根结线虫盆栽试验[J].植物保护,2006,32(2):105-106.
[12]鲁旭鹏,段玉玺,陈立杰,等.阿维菌素和噻唑磷对根结线虫病的田间防效[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(1):63-64.
[13]黄大野,叶良阶,刘晓艳,等.苏云金芽孢杆菌NBIN863菌株对番茄根结线虫的防治效果和促生作用[J].中国蔬菜,2015(10):57-60.
[2]李戌清,郑经武,郑积荣,等.番茄根结线虫研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(4):748-752.
[3]陈志杰,张淑莲,李泽宽,等.陕西温室番茄根结线虫病发生规律与绿色防治技术[J].陕西农业科学,2008,54(5):49-51.
[4]刘鸣韬,孙化田,张定发.春保护地蔬菜田根结线虫的分布及发生规律研究[J].河南农业科学,2009,38(1):64-66.
[5]刘晓云,王彩芬,臧少先,等.几种杀线虫剂对番茄根结线虫的田间药效试验[J].北方园艺,2010(14):156-158.
[6]张芸,胡铁军,师迎春.蔬菜根结线虫病药剂防治的实践体会[J].中国植保导刊,2004,24(10):18-19.
[7]邹雅新,曹素芳,马娟,等.阿维菌素和硫线磷对南方根结线虫的毒力[J].植物保护,2009,35(2):39-43.
[8]李英梅,洪波,许烨,等.移土法防治根结线虫效果及对土壤养分和黄瓜生长的效应[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(7):44-48.
[9]张绍松,李成云,周晓罡,等.番茄根结线虫分离和苗期接种方法研究[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(3):659-663.
[10]肖炎农,王明祖,付艳平,等.蔬菜根结线虫病情分级方法比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(4):336-338.
[11]刘志明,白先进,秦碧霞,等.石灰氮防治番茄根结线虫盆栽试验[J].植物保护,2006,32(2):105-106.
[12]鲁旭鹏,段玉玺,陈立杰,等.阿维菌素和噻唑磷对根结线虫病的田间防效[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(1):63-64.
[13]黄大野,叶良阶,刘晓艳,等.苏云金芽孢杆菌NBIN863菌株对番茄根结线虫的防治效果和促生作用[J].中国蔬菜,2015(10):57-60.