微波预处理对桉木化机浆性能的影响
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摘要
通过微波、水浴两种加热方式下浸渍木片吸液量的比较,探究了微波对桉木渗透性的影响,结果显示:在其它浸渍条件(NaOH质量分数4%,木片质量分数20%)相同的情况下,木片浸渍时,经微波加热后其吸液量较水浴加热显著提高,微波处理5 min即可达到水浴处理45 min的吸液量,大大提高了浸渍效率。将微波用于化学机械法制浆的预浸渍阶段,经微波处理所得纸浆二段漂白白度最高可达68.9%(ISO),较汽蒸保温提高3～6个百分点;在加拿大游离度为305 mL时,微波处理浆的抗张指数可达19 N·m/g,撕裂指数可达2.15 mN·m~2/g,耐破指数达0.8 kPa·m~2/g,分别比汽蒸处理样高3 N·m/g、0.2 mN·m~2/g和0.1 kPa·m~2/g。
The effects of microwave on the permeability of eucalyptus were studied by comparing the liquid absorption of wood chips under microwave with that under water bath. Under the same immersion conditions(NaOH 4% and mass fraction of wood chips 20%), the absorbed liquid quality of the microwave treated wood chips was significantly higher than that of the water bath. Microwave treatment for 5 minutes could reach the same absorbed liquid quality of 45 minutes in the water bath treatment, greatly improving the impregnation efficiency of wood chips. Then, microwave was used in the pre-impregnation of chemical mechanical pulping. The whiteness of the second stage bleaching pulp obtained by microwave impregnation could reach up to 68.9%(ISO), which was 3-6 percentage points higher than that of samples obtained by steaming impregnation. When the freeness of Canada was 305 mL, the tensile strength index could reach 19 N·m/g, the tear index could reach 2.15 mN·m~2/g, and the bursting index could reach 0.8 kPa·m~2/g. Furthermore, the tensile strength index was increased by 3 N·m/g on average, and the tear index was increased by about 0.2 mN·m~2/g, while the bursting index was increased by about 0.1 kPa·m~2/g.
The effects of microwave on the permeability of eucalyptus were studied by comparing the liquid absorption of wood chips under microwave with that under water bath. Under the same immersion conditions(NaOH 4% and mass fraction of wood chips 20%), the absorbed liquid quality of the microwave treated wood chips was significantly higher than that of the water bath. Microwave treatment for 5 minutes could reach the same absorbed liquid quality of 45 minutes in the water bath treatment, greatly improving the impregnation efficiency of wood chips. Then, microwave was used in the pre-impregnation of chemical mechanical pulping. The whiteness of the second stage bleaching pulp obtained by microwave impregnation could reach up to 68.9%(ISO), which was 3-6 percentage points higher than that of samples obtained by steaming impregnation. When the freeness of Canada was 305 mL, the tensile strength index could reach 19 N·m/g, the tear index could reach 2.15 mN·m~2/g, and the bursting index could reach 0.8 kPa·m~2/g. Furthermore, the tensile strength index was increased by 3 N·m/g on average, and the tear index was increased by about 0.2 mN·m~2/g, while the bursting index was increased by about 0.1 kPa·m~2/g.
引文
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[16]江涛,李秀荣,谢延军,等. 微波预处理对巨尾桉木材渗透性的影响[J]. 西北林学院学报,2013,28(1):174-177. JIANG T,LI X R,XIE Y J,et al. Effects of microwave pretreatment on permeability of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2013,28(1):174-177.
[17]TORGOVNIKOV G,VINDEN P. High-intensity microwave wood modification for increasing permeability[J]. Forest Products Journal,2009,59(4):84-92.
[18]VINDEN P,TORGOVNIKOV G,HANN J. Microwave modification of Radiata pine railway sleepers for preservative treatment[J]. European Journal of Wood & Wood Products,2011,69(2):271-279.
[19]邓拥军,房桂干,韩善明,等. 不同桉木化学机械法制浆性能的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业,2015,35(1):63-69. DENG Y J,FANG GG,HAN S M,et al. Variation of chemi-mechanical pulping properties from several Eucalyptus spp. woodchips[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2015,35(1):63-69.
[2]孙来鸿,侯彦召. 桉木制化机浆及用于新闻纸的研究[J]. 造纸科学与技术,2002,21(1):4-7. SUN L H,HOU Y Z. Technologies of chemimechanicalpulping of Eucalyptus and making newspaper[J]. Paper Science & Technology,2002,21(1):4-7.
[3]BROWNE T C,MCDONALD J D,HEITNER C H,et al. A radical approach to reducing energy use in mechanical pulping[J]. Journal of Pulp & Paper Science,2006,32(2):63-66.
[4]庞志强,陈嘉川,董翠华,等. 一种针叶木P-RC APMP制浆的方法:CN102926253A[P]. 2013-02-13. PANG Z Q,CHEN J C,DONG C H,et al. A method for pulping of softwood P-RC APMP:CN102926253A[P]. 2013-02-13.
[5]雷鸣,李建国,姜靖毅,等. 几种速生阔叶材的特性分析及其CMP的制浆性能[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2011,26(6):29-33. LEI M,LI J G,JIANG J Y,et al. Characteristics analysis and chemi-mechanical pulping properties of several fast-growing hardwoods[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology,2011,26(6):29-33.
[6]LEHRINGER C,RICHTER K,SCHWARZE F W M R,et al. A review on promising approaches for liquid permeability improvement in softwoods[J]. Wood & Fiber Science,2009,41(4):373-385.
[7]AHMED S A,SU K C. Permeability of Tectonagrandis L. as affected by wood structure[J]. Wood Science & Technology,2011,45(3):487-500.
[8]许凤,张逊,周霞,等. 农林生物质预处理过程中细胞壁主要组分溶解机理研究进展[J]. 林业工程学报,2016,1(4):1-9. XU F,ZHANG X,ZHOU X,et al. An investigation of dissolution mechanism of major components in cell walls of agricultural and forest biomass[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering,2016,1(4):1-9.
[9]王永贵,周衙欣,岳金权. 制浆过程木材浸渍研究进展[J]. 中国造纸,2012,31(12):54-60. WANG Y G,ZHOU Y X,YUE J Q. Research progress in wood impregnation during pulping process[J]. China Pulp & Paper,2012,31(12):54-60.
[10]林友峰,房桂干,杨淑蕙,等. 制浆过程中木片浸渍机理及改善措施[J]. 中国造纸,2007,26(2):50-55. LIN Y F,FANG G G,YANG S H,et al. Impregnating mechanism of wood chip and the methods used to enhance impregnation in the pulping[J]. China Pulp & Paper,2007,26(2):50-55.
[11]郑昕,曹金珍. 木材液体渗透性的改善方法[J]. 林业机械与木工设备,2008,36(11):33-35. ZHENG X,CAO J Z. Methods to improve the liquid permeability of wood[J]. Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment,2008,36(11):33-35.
[12]鲍甫成,赵有科,吕建雄. 杉木和马尾松木材渗透性与微细结构的关系研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2003,2(1):1-5. BAO F C,ZHAO Y K,Lü J X. Relationship between permeability and fine structure of common Chinese fir and mason pine wood[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2003,2(1):1-5.
[13]苑一丹,朱玲燕,宋孝周. 蒸煮处理对栓皮栎软木主要物理特性的影响[J]. 林业工程学报,2017,2(3):34-49. YUAN Y D,ZHU L Y,SONG X Z. Effects of boiling water treatment on main physical properties of cork from Quercus variabilis[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering,2017,2(3):34-49.
[14]徐慧. 微波加热的能量吸收与效率研究[J]. 天津职业院校联合学报,2008,10(4):127-130. XU H. Research on energy absorption and efficiency of microwave heating[J]. Journal of Tianjin Vocational Institutes,2008,10(4):127-130.
[15]孙保平,张晏卿. 微波强化H2O2在植物纤维漂白中的应用研究[J]. 河南化工,2005,22(7):24-25. SUN B P,ZHANG Y Q. Study on the application of H2O2 under microwave radiationinplant fiber bleaching[J]. Henan Chemical Industry,2005,22(7):24-25.
[16]江涛,李秀荣,谢延军,等. 微波预处理对巨尾桉木材渗透性的影响[J]. 西北林学院学报,2013,28(1):174-177. JIANG T,LI X R,XIE Y J,et al. Effects of microwave pretreatment on permeability of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2013,28(1):174-177.
[17]TORGOVNIKOV G,VINDEN P. High-intensity microwave wood modification for increasing permeability[J]. Forest Products Journal,2009,59(4):84-92.
[18]VINDEN P,TORGOVNIKOV G,HANN J. Microwave modification of Radiata pine railway sleepers for preservative treatment[J]. European Journal of Wood & Wood Products,2011,69(2):271-279.
[19]邓拥军,房桂干,韩善明,等. 不同桉木化学机械法制浆性能的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业,2015,35(1):63-69. DENG Y J,FANG GG,HAN S M,et al. Variation of chemi-mechanical pulping properties from several Eucalyptus spp. woodchips[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2015,35(1):63-69.