英国城市有轨电车及运营线路纵览
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摘要
对英国当前8座城市9个有轨电车运营网络的27条线路及运用车辆进行系统的调查,涉及运营线路条件、车辆总体参数、转向架配置及车辆制造商信息等,在此基础上,总结英国有轨电车及运营线路的特点,车辆型式多样,既有高地板、40%低地板、70%低地板,也有100%低地板,这些车辆从采用的转向架角度来看,传统轮对式转向架、独立轮横向耦合、独立轮纵向耦合、轮毂电机的转向架均有。线路方面也全部采用槽型轨与"T"型轨相结合的形式,提高了旧有铁路利用率。这些信息为总体把握英国有轨电车的发展动态,以及发展国内有轨电车事业提供参考。
This paper makes a systematic investigation on 27 lines and application vehicles of 9 tramcar operating networks in 8 cities in England, which relate to operating line conditions, vehicle parameters, bogie configuration and vehicle manufacturer's information. There are various types of vehicles, high floor tram, 40%, 70% and 100% low floor trams. From the point of view of the bogie used, the traditional wheelset bogie, the independent wheel with transversal coupled, the independent wheel with longitudinal coupled, the bogies with hub motors. In the aspect of line, the combination of groove rail and "T" rail is adopted to improve the utilization ratio of old railway. On the basis of this, the characteristics of British tram and operating line are summarized, and the development trend of British tram and the domestic development of tramway have some reference significance.
This paper makes a systematic investigation on 27 lines and application vehicles of 9 tramcar operating networks in 8 cities in England, which relate to operating line conditions, vehicle parameters, bogie configuration and vehicle manufacturer's information. There are various types of vehicles, high floor tram, 40%, 70% and 100% low floor trams. From the point of view of the bogie used, the traditional wheelset bogie, the independent wheel with transversal coupled, the independent wheel with longitudinal coupled, the bogies with hub motors. In the aspect of line, the combination of groove rail and "T" rail is adopted to improve the utilization ratio of old railway. On the basis of this, the characteristics of British tram and operating line are summarized, and the development trend of British tram and the domestic development of tramway have some reference significance.
引文
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[2]王文华.低地板轻轨车辆动力学问题研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2015.WANG Wenhua.Study of low floor light railway vehicle dynamic[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2015.
[3]沈训梁,陆云,李俊,等.低地板有轨电车及其转向架发展现状[J].都市快轨交通,2013,5(26):21-24.SHEN Xunliang,LU Yun,LI jun,et al.Development status of low floor tram and its bogie[J].Urban rapid rail transit,2013,5(26):21-24.
[4]张元,李卫军.世界城市地铁与轻轨最新动态[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2013.ZHANG Yuan,LI Weijun.World city urban and light rail development[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2013.
[5]城市轨道交通工程基本术语标准:GB/T 50833—2012[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Standard for basic terminology of urban rail transit engineering:GB/T 50833—2012[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012.
[6]王欢,戴焕云,池茂儒.国外100%低地板轻轨车动力转向架纵览[J].内燃机车,2007,(12):1-6.WANG Huan,DAI Huanyun,CHI Maoru.Overview of overseas 100%low floor tram motor bogie[J].Diesel locomotive,2007,(12):1-6.
[7]Bombardier Transportation.FLEXX Urban Bogies Easy access in the city[EB/OL].(2013-04-03)[2017-12-10].http://www.bombardier.com/content/dam/Websites/bombardiercom/supporting-documents/BT/Bombardier-Transportati on-Bogies-FLEXX-Urban.pdf,2017.
[8]APTA Streetcar Subcommittee.Modern Streetcar Vehicle Guideline[R].APTA STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.Washington,DC.,2013:1-78.
[9]John Smatlak.MODERN STREETCAR VEHICLE GUIDELINE[R].Interfleet-Technology.North America,2013:2-39.
[10]Staff Transportation Research.Track Design Handbook for Light Rail Transit[R].Transportation Research Board National Research Council.Washington DC.,2010:1-84.
[11]Siemens.First Class Bogies-The complete programme for high-quality railway transportation[EB/OL].[2008].http://www.mobility.siemens.com/mobility/global/Site Collection Documents/en/rail-solutions/components-andsystems/bogies-catalog-en.pdf,2017.