6种杀菌剂对姜青枯病的防治效果
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摘要
采用药剂浸种、发病前药剂灌根、发病初期药剂灌根3种处理评价了6种杀菌剂对姜青枯病的防治效果及对生姜产量的影响。结果表明:6种药剂中,以46%氢氧化铜水分散粒剂和6%中生菌素水分散粒剂浸种处理对姜青枯病的预防效果最好,防效分别达到了86.61%和84.86%,产量较对照分别增加37.36%和31.35%。发病前药剂灌根处理中,以40%噻唑锌悬浮剂、46%氢氧化铜水分散粒剂和5×10~8个/mL荧光假单胞菌水剂的预防效果较好,施药后7 d防效分别为87.55%、83.30%和80.78%,产量较对照分别增加35.03%、38.63%和29.92%。发病初期药剂灌根处理中,6种药剂防效均在45%以下,且产量显著低于发病前药剂灌根处理,表明姜青枯病发病后施药防治效果较差,根据姜青枯病发病规律提前用药可取得较好的防治效果。
The control effects of six fungicides on ginger bacterial wilt and ginger yield were studied in three ways, including seed soaking with fungicides, root irrigating with fungicides before occurrence of disease, and root irrigating with fungicides after occurrence of disease. The results showed that copper hydroxide 46% WG and Zhongshengmycin 6% WG had the best control effect in seed soaking treatments, with the control efficacy of 86.61% and 84.86%. Compared with the control group, the yield increased by 37.36% and 31.35%, respectively. In the treatment of root irrigating before occurrence of disease, zinc thiazole 40% SC, copper hydroxide 46% WG and Pseudomonas fluorescens 5×10~8 spore/mL AS had well control effects, with the control efficacy of 87.55%, 83.30% and 80.78% at 7 th day after the third application; and increased the yield by 35.03%, 38.63% and 29.92%, respectively. In the treatment of root irrigating after occurrence of disease, the control effects of six fungicides were all below 45%, and the yields were significantly lower than that of treatment before occurrence of disease. It shows that control effect of fungicides was poor after ginger bacterial wilt breaking out. According to occurrence regularity of the bacterial wilt, treatment with fungicides in advance can obtain better control effects.
The control effects of six fungicides on ginger bacterial wilt and ginger yield were studied in three ways, including seed soaking with fungicides, root irrigating with fungicides before occurrence of disease, and root irrigating with fungicides after occurrence of disease. The results showed that copper hydroxide 46% WG and Zhongshengmycin 6% WG had the best control effect in seed soaking treatments, with the control efficacy of 86.61% and 84.86%. Compared with the control group, the yield increased by 37.36% and 31.35%, respectively. In the treatment of root irrigating before occurrence of disease, zinc thiazole 40% SC, copper hydroxide 46% WG and Pseudomonas fluorescens 5×10~8 spore/mL AS had well control effects, with the control efficacy of 87.55%, 83.30% and 80.78% at 7 th day after the third application; and increased the yield by 35.03%, 38.63% and 29.92%, respectively. In the treatment of root irrigating after occurrence of disease, the control effects of six fungicides were all below 45%, and the yields were significantly lower than that of treatment before occurrence of disease. It shows that control effect of fungicides was poor after ginger bacterial wilt breaking out. According to occurrence regularity of the bacterial wilt, treatment with fungicides in advance can obtain better control effects.
引文
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[14] 李姣清,夏枫耿,王彦,等.荧光假单胞菌Tn5转座诱变及对青枯病生防特性[J].生物技术,2009,19(6):4-6.
[15] 赵志祥,严婉荣,陈圆,等.一株生姜青枯病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及发酵条件优化[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(3):421-427.
[16] 何锡文,卞浩.姜瘟病的发病因子及防治对策[J].现代农业科技,2016(14):118-119.
[17] 郭晓丽,王元庆,程玉琴,等.莱州姜瘟病的病原鉴定和防治技术研究[J].莱阳农学院学报,2000,17(4):258-261.
[2] 李录久.施用氮磷钾对生姜产量和品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[3] 任欣正,方中达.姜瘟病病原菌的鉴定[J].植物病理学报,1981,11(1):51-56.
[4] 孙晓扬,刘光珍,邓先明.姜青枯腐败病发生规律和系统控制技术[J].云南农业大学学报,1998,13(1):122-125.
[5] 任清盛,于广霞.山东省生姜姜瘟病发病规律及综合防治技术[J].西北园艺,2003(9):39-40.
[6] MITSUO H, KAZUTAKA Y, KENICHI T. PCR-based specific detection of Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 stains[J]. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 2004, 70: 278-283.
[7] YABUUCHI E, KOSAKO Y, YANO I, et al. Validation of the published names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the USB [J]. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1996, 46: 625-626.
[8] 刘铭,张敏,戢俊臣,等.中国姜瘟病的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(6):337-357.
[9] 史秀娟,刘振伟,李立国,等.生姜品种资源对姜瘟病的抗病性鉴定[J].植物保护,2011,37(2):124-126.
[10] 严金平,泽桑梓,张火云,等.姜细菌性青枯病病原菌及其防治研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2004(9):63-65.
[11] 任清盛,于广霞.6种杀菌剂防治姜青枯病药效试验[J].山东农业科学,2005(4):45-46.
[12] 赵志祥,严婉荣,陈圆,等.几种杀菌剂对生姜青枯病菌的毒力测定[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(9):76-78.
[13] 朱志刚,胡洪涛,石丽桥,等.生姜青枯病防治药剂室内筛选及评价[J].植物保护,2017,43(6):202-206.
[14] 李姣清,夏枫耿,王彦,等.荧光假单胞菌Tn5转座诱变及对青枯病生防特性[J].生物技术,2009,19(6):4-6.
[15] 赵志祥,严婉荣,陈圆,等.一株生姜青枯病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及发酵条件优化[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(3):421-427.
[16] 何锡文,卞浩.姜瘟病的发病因子及防治对策[J].现代农业科技,2016(14):118-119.
[17] 郭晓丽,王元庆,程玉琴,等.莱州姜瘟病的病原鉴定和防治技术研究[J].莱阳农学院学报,2000,17(4):258-261.