水套加热炉热力计算方法比较
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摘要
针对采用SY/T 0535—94《火筒式加热炉热力与阻力计算方法》进行水套加热炉校核计算时,出现的随过量空气系数增加排烟温度不变、火筒出口烟温降低的问题,运用通用的燃油、燃气锅炉热力计算方法,对加热炉进行了重新校核计算。结果表明,通用热力计算法的结果与实际相符,即随过量空气系数增加,排烟温度增加、火筒出口烟温基本不变。分析发现,SY/T 0535—94中热力计算方法未考虑烟气成分对火筒辐射传热的影响,并过分夸大烟管对流传热能力,因而导致大过量空气系数时计算结果偏离实际。建议尽快出台新的水套加热炉热力计算标准,标准中应考虑烟气成分和灰垢热阻对传热的影响。
As problems,the phenomenon that exit gas temperature almost retains unchanged and the flame tube exit gas temperature decreases with the increase of excess air coefficient are encountered during the original calculation of a heater design per to SY/T 0535—94 Thermal and Resistance Calculation Method about Fire Tube Type Heater.The calculation results is found not agreed with the field test results and the calculation is rechecked with the general thermal calculation method for boilers fired by oil or gas.Conformance results are obtained and a further analysis shows the method in SY/T 0535—94 ignores the effect of gas constituents on heat transfer and enlarges heat transfer ability of gas tube which results in the calculating results based on SY/T 0535—94 do not agree with the experimental results.A new standard that the influence of flue gas components and fly ash on heat transfer be take into account is suggested to publish.
As problems,the phenomenon that exit gas temperature almost retains unchanged and the flame tube exit gas temperature decreases with the increase of excess air coefficient are encountered during the original calculation of a heater design per to SY/T 0535—94 Thermal and Resistance Calculation Method about Fire Tube Type Heater.The calculation results is found not agreed with the field test results and the calculation is rechecked with the general thermal calculation method for boilers fired by oil or gas.Conformance results are obtained and a further analysis shows the method in SY/T 0535—94 ignores the effect of gas constituents on heat transfer and enlarges heat transfer ability of gas tube which results in the calculating results based on SY/T 0535—94 do not agree with the experimental results.A new standard that the influence of flue gas components and fly ash on heat transfer be take into account is suggested to publish.
引文
[1]贺建国,李开连,鄢长颉,等.卧式可抽式水套加热炉研发及其应用[J].石油化工设备,2016,45(2):77-80.HE J G,LI K L,YAN C J,et al.Development of the horizontal removable water jacket heating furnace and its application[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2016,45(2):77-80.
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[3]檀朝东,项勇,赵昕铭,等.基于大数据的油气集输系统生产能耗时序预测模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):158-164.TAN C D,XIANG Y,ZHAO X M,et al.Energy consumption prediction and application in oil and gas gathering and transferring system production based on large data[J].Acta petrolei sinica,2016,37(2):158-164.
[4]火筒式加热炉热力与阻力计算方法:SY/T 0535—94[S].Thermal and resistance calculation method about fire tube type heater:SY/T 0535—94[S].
[5]赵钦新,惠世恩.燃油燃气锅炉[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000:303-331.ZHAO Q X,HUI S E.Oil or gas-fired boiler[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,2000:303-331.
[6]苏海鹏,杜胜华.油田燃油气相变加热炉设计计算若干问题[J].石油化工设备,2014,43(6):50-54.SU H P,DU S H.Design and calculation of oil-fired and gas-fired phase chang heater in oil field[J].Petrochemical equipment,2014,43(6):50-54.
[7]李建刚,杨宏民,杨义波,等.电站锅炉实际运行状态下过量空气系数的研究[J].锅炉技术,1999,30(5):16-18.LI J G,YANG H M,YANG Y B,et al.The calculation of excess air ratio for utility boiler in operation[J].Boiler technology,1999,30(5):16-18.
[8]石久胜,彭飞,张炳文.一种过量空气系数在线模糊自寻优控制[J].工业锅炉,2014(2):9-13.SHI J S,PENG F,ZHANG B W.The on-line self-operation fuzzy control to excess air coefficient of industrial boiler[J].Industrial boiler,2014(2):9-13.
[9]刘焕章.电站锅炉炉内过量空气系数的计算[J].陕西电力,2010,38(2):35-38.LIU H Z.Calculation of the excess air ratio in boilers[J].Shaanxi electric power,2010,38(2):35-38.
[10]付恩狄,田亮,张锷,等.过量空气系数对锅炉热量分配的影响分析[J].华东电力,2010,38(7):1081-1083.FU E D,TIAN L,ZHANG E,et al.Analysis of influence of excess air coefficient on boiler heat distribution[J].East China electric power,2010,38(7):1081-1083.
[11]张伟,迟进华,徐明海.原油加热炉变工况运行热效率[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):352-358.ZHANG W,CHI J H,XU M H.Running heat efficiency of crude oil heater under variable operating conditions[J].Oil&gas storage and transportation,2011,30(5):352-358.
[12]张永学,魏晓明,吴力明,等.过量空气系数对立式圆筒加热炉效率与NOx排放规律的影响[J].工业锅炉,2012(4):22-26.ZHANG Y X,WEI X M,WU L M,et al.Impact of air excess ration on thermal efficiency and emission law of pollutants NOx in vertical cylindrical tube furnace[J].Industrial boiler,2012(4):22-26.
[13]赵俊杰,罗立权,吴豪,等.过量空气系数对燃煤电站锅炉热效率和脱硝的影响[J].锅炉技术,2015,46(3):30-34.ZHAO J J,LUO L Q,WU H,et al.Effect of the excess air coefficient on boiler thermal coefficient and denitrification in coal-fired power plants[J].Boiler technology,2015,46(3):30-34.
[14]陈立勋,曹子栋.锅炉本体布置及计算[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1990:261-262.CHEN L X,CAO Z D.Boiler proper arrangement and calculation[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,1990:261-262.
[2]霍伟杰,刁福俊,孟祥彬,等.换热面积与沸腾时间对水套加热炉优化的影响[J].油气储运,2013,32(9):948-950.HUO W J,DIAO F J,MENG X B,et al.Impact of heat transfer area and boiling time on optimization of water jacket heater[J].Oil&gas storage and transportation,2013,32(9):948-950.
[3]檀朝东,项勇,赵昕铭,等.基于大数据的油气集输系统生产能耗时序预测模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):158-164.TAN C D,XIANG Y,ZHAO X M,et al.Energy consumption prediction and application in oil and gas gathering and transferring system production based on large data[J].Acta petrolei sinica,2016,37(2):158-164.
[4]火筒式加热炉热力与阻力计算方法:SY/T 0535—94[S].Thermal and resistance calculation method about fire tube type heater:SY/T 0535—94[S].
[5]赵钦新,惠世恩.燃油燃气锅炉[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000:303-331.ZHAO Q X,HUI S E.Oil or gas-fired boiler[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,2000:303-331.
[6]苏海鹏,杜胜华.油田燃油气相变加热炉设计计算若干问题[J].石油化工设备,2014,43(6):50-54.SU H P,DU S H.Design and calculation of oil-fired and gas-fired phase chang heater in oil field[J].Petrochemical equipment,2014,43(6):50-54.
[7]李建刚,杨宏民,杨义波,等.电站锅炉实际运行状态下过量空气系数的研究[J].锅炉技术,1999,30(5):16-18.LI J G,YANG H M,YANG Y B,et al.The calculation of excess air ratio for utility boiler in operation[J].Boiler technology,1999,30(5):16-18.
[8]石久胜,彭飞,张炳文.一种过量空气系数在线模糊自寻优控制[J].工业锅炉,2014(2):9-13.SHI J S,PENG F,ZHANG B W.The on-line self-operation fuzzy control to excess air coefficient of industrial boiler[J].Industrial boiler,2014(2):9-13.
[9]刘焕章.电站锅炉炉内过量空气系数的计算[J].陕西电力,2010,38(2):35-38.LIU H Z.Calculation of the excess air ratio in boilers[J].Shaanxi electric power,2010,38(2):35-38.
[10]付恩狄,田亮,张锷,等.过量空气系数对锅炉热量分配的影响分析[J].华东电力,2010,38(7):1081-1083.FU E D,TIAN L,ZHANG E,et al.Analysis of influence of excess air coefficient on boiler heat distribution[J].East China electric power,2010,38(7):1081-1083.
[11]张伟,迟进华,徐明海.原油加热炉变工况运行热效率[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):352-358.ZHANG W,CHI J H,XU M H.Running heat efficiency of crude oil heater under variable operating conditions[J].Oil&gas storage and transportation,2011,30(5):352-358.
[12]张永学,魏晓明,吴力明,等.过量空气系数对立式圆筒加热炉效率与NOx排放规律的影响[J].工业锅炉,2012(4):22-26.ZHANG Y X,WEI X M,WU L M,et al.Impact of air excess ration on thermal efficiency and emission law of pollutants NOx in vertical cylindrical tube furnace[J].Industrial boiler,2012(4):22-26.
[13]赵俊杰,罗立权,吴豪,等.过量空气系数对燃煤电站锅炉热效率和脱硝的影响[J].锅炉技术,2015,46(3):30-34.ZHAO J J,LUO L Q,WU H,et al.Effect of the excess air coefficient on boiler thermal coefficient and denitrification in coal-fired power plants[J].Boiler technology,2015,46(3):30-34.
[14]陈立勋,曹子栋.锅炉本体布置及计算[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1990:261-262.CHEN L X,CAO Z D.Boiler proper arrangement and calculation[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,1990:261-262.
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