基于S变换的高频全球导航卫星系统同震数据的震相识别研究
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摘要
为研究高频全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)信号的P波和S波到时,本文利用2008年汶川MS8.0地震震时部分站点记录到的1 Hz高频GNSS数据,采用广义S变换将同震信号进行二维时频域平面分解,以此对P波和S波到时进行识别。本文通过调整广义S变换中的调节因子λa和p得出,当λa=1.05,p=1.05时,变换所得图像中的P波和S波到时均较为明显。结果表明,S变换在高频GNSS震相识别中效果明显,可作为GNSS地震学应用中一项有效的技术手段。
The high-rate GNSS data recorded by some stations during the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake was used in this paper to identify the arrive time of P-wave and S-wave in 1 Hz high-rate GNSS. Coseismic signals are decomposed in two-dimensional time-frequency domain using generalized S transform. The adjustment factors λa=1.05,p=1.05 is used to identify the arrival times of P-wave and S-wave, which could get a better result. The S transform is effective and feasible in the high-rate GNSS seismic phase recognition.
The high-rate GNSS data recorded by some stations during the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake was used in this paper to identify the arrive time of P-wave and S-wave in 1 Hz high-rate GNSS. Coseismic signals are decomposed in two-dimensional time-frequency domain using generalized S transform. The adjustment factors λa=1.05,p=1.05 is used to identify the arrival times of P-wave and S-wave, which could get a better result. The S transform is effective and feasible in the high-rate GNSS seismic phase recognition.
引文
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高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,田芳.2003.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,46(4):526-532.Gao J H,Chen W C,Li Y M,Tian F.2003.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysis of thin interbeds[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,46(4):526-532(in Chinese).
齐春燕,李彦鹏,彭继新,张固澜,张彦斌.2010.一种改进的广义S变换[J].石油地球物理勘探,45(2):215-218.Qi C Y,Li Y P,Peng J X,Zhang G L,Zhang Y B.2010.An improved generalized S-transform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,45(2):215-218(in Chinese).
王小娜,于湘伟,章文波,王思琳.2015.龙门山断裂带南段地壳一维P波速度结构[J].地震研究,38(1):16-24.Wang X N,Yu X W,Zhang W B,Wang S L.2015.1D P wave velocity structure in the south segment of Longmenshan fault zone[J].Journal of Seismological Research,38(1):16-24(in Chinese).
吴建平,黄媛,张天中,明跃红,房立华.2009.汶川MS8.0级地震余震分布及周边区域P波三维速度结构研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):320-328.Wu J P,Huang Y,Zhang T Z,Ming Y H,Fang L H.2009.Aftershock distribution of the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and three dimensional P-wave velocity structure in and around source region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(2):320-328(in Chinese).
杨彦明,戴勇,张国清,王磊,赵星,王杰民.2016.内蒙古中西部地区地震烈度衰减关系[J].地震地磁观测与研究,37(1):30-37.Yang Y M,Dai Y,Zhang G Q,Wang L,Zhao X,Wang J M.2016.Attenuation relation of seismic intensity in the middle and western regions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,37(1):30-37(in Chinese).
殷海涛,甘卫军,黄蓓,肖根如,李杰,朱成林.2013.日本M9.0级巨震对山东地区地壳活动的影响研究[J].地球物理学报,56(5):1497-1505.Yin H T,Gan W J,Huang B,Xiao G R,Li J,Zhu C L.2013.Study on the effects of Japan M9.0 huge earthquake on the crustal movement of Shandong area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(5):1497-1505(in Chinese).
郑成龙,王宝善.2015.S变换在地震资料处理中的应用及展望[J].地球物理学进展,30(4):1580-1591.Zheng C L,Wang B S.2015.Applications of S transform in seismic data processing[J].Progress in Geophysics,30(4):1580-1591(in Chinese).
周竹生,陈友良.2011.含可变因子的广义S变换及其时频滤波[J].煤田地质与勘探,39(6):63-66.Zhou Z S,Chen Y L.2011.Generalized S-transform with variable-factor and its time-frequency filtering[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,39(6):63-66(in Chinese).
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Bock Y,Nikolaidis R M,de Jonge P J,Bevism M.2000.Instantaneous geodetic positioning at medium distances with the Global Positioning System[J].J Geophy Res,105:28223-28253.
Chen G.1998.GPS Kinematics Positioning for the Airborne Laser Altimetry at Long Valley[D].Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology:173.
Zhu L P.2002.A note on the dynamic and static displacements from a point source in multilayered media[J].Geophys J Int,148:619-627.
Mansinha L,Stockwell R G,Lowe R P,Eramian M,Schincariol R A.1997.Local S-spectrum analysis of 1-D and 2-D data[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,103(3/4):329-336.
McFadden P D,Cook J G,Forster L M.1990.Decomposition of gear vibration signals by the generalised S transform[J].Mech Syst Signal Process,13(5):691-707.
Melgar D,Bock Y,Crowell B W.2012.Real-time centroid moment tensor determination for large earthquakes from local and regional displacement records[J].Geophys J Int,188(2):703-718.
Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.2003.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape[J].Geophysics,68(1):381-385.
Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.1996.Localization of the complex spectrum:The S transform[J].IEEE Trans Signal Process,44(4):998-1001.
邓文哲,陈九辉,郭飚,刘启元,李顺成,李昱,尹昕忠,齐少华.2014.龙门山断裂带精细速度结构的双差层析成像研究[J].地球物理学报,57(4):1101-1110.Deng W Z,Chen J H,Guo B,Liu Q Y,Li S C,Li Y,Yin X Z,Qi S H.2014.Fine velocity structure of the Longmenshan fault zone by double-difference tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,57(4):1101-1110(in Chinese).
高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,田芳.2003.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,46(4):526-532.Gao J H,Chen W C,Li Y M,Tian F.2003.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysis of thin interbeds[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,46(4):526-532(in Chinese).
齐春燕,李彦鹏,彭继新,张固澜,张彦斌.2010.一种改进的广义S变换[J].石油地球物理勘探,45(2):215-218.Qi C Y,Li Y P,Peng J X,Zhang G L,Zhang Y B.2010.An improved generalized S-transform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,45(2):215-218(in Chinese).
王小娜,于湘伟,章文波,王思琳.2015.龙门山断裂带南段地壳一维P波速度结构[J].地震研究,38(1):16-24.Wang X N,Yu X W,Zhang W B,Wang S L.2015.1D P wave velocity structure in the south segment of Longmenshan fault zone[J].Journal of Seismological Research,38(1):16-24(in Chinese).
吴建平,黄媛,张天中,明跃红,房立华.2009.汶川MS8.0级地震余震分布及周边区域P波三维速度结构研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):320-328.Wu J P,Huang Y,Zhang T Z,Ming Y H,Fang L H.2009.Aftershock distribution of the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and three dimensional P-wave velocity structure in and around source region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(2):320-328(in Chinese).
杨彦明,戴勇,张国清,王磊,赵星,王杰民.2016.内蒙古中西部地区地震烈度衰减关系[J].地震地磁观测与研究,37(1):30-37.Yang Y M,Dai Y,Zhang G Q,Wang L,Zhao X,Wang J M.2016.Attenuation relation of seismic intensity in the middle and western regions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,37(1):30-37(in Chinese).
殷海涛,甘卫军,黄蓓,肖根如,李杰,朱成林.2013.日本M9.0级巨震对山东地区地壳活动的影响研究[J].地球物理学报,56(5):1497-1505.Yin H T,Gan W J,Huang B,Xiao G R,Li J,Zhu C L.2013.Study on the effects of Japan M9.0 huge earthquake on the crustal movement of Shandong area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(5):1497-1505(in Chinese).
郑成龙,王宝善.2015.S变换在地震资料处理中的应用及展望[J].地球物理学进展,30(4):1580-1591.Zheng C L,Wang B S.2015.Applications of S transform in seismic data processing[J].Progress in Geophysics,30(4):1580-1591(in Chinese).
周竹生,陈友良.2011.含可变因子的广义S变换及其时频滤波[J].煤田地质与勘探,39(6):63-66.Zhou Z S,Chen Y L.2011.Generalized S-transform with variable-factor and its time-frequency filtering[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,39(6):63-66(in Chinese).
Allen R M,Ziv A.2011.Application of real-time GPS to earthquake early warning[J].Geophys Res Lett,38:L16310.
Bock Y,Nikolaidis R M,de Jonge P J,Bevism M.2000.Instantaneous geodetic positioning at medium distances with the Global Positioning System[J].J Geophy Res,105:28223-28253.
Chen G.1998.GPS Kinematics Positioning for the Airborne Laser Altimetry at Long Valley[D].Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology:173.
Zhu L P.2002.A note on the dynamic and static displacements from a point source in multilayered media[J].Geophys J Int,148:619-627.
Mansinha L,Stockwell R G,Lowe R P,Eramian M,Schincariol R A.1997.Local S-spectrum analysis of 1-D and 2-D data[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,103(3/4):329-336.
McFadden P D,Cook J G,Forster L M.1990.Decomposition of gear vibration signals by the generalised S transform[J].Mech Syst Signal Process,13(5):691-707.
Melgar D,Bock Y,Crowell B W.2012.Real-time centroid moment tensor determination for large earthquakes from local and regional displacement records[J].Geophys J Int,188(2):703-718.
Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.2003.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape[J].Geophysics,68(1):381-385.
Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.1996.Localization of the complex spectrum:The S transform[J].IEEE Trans Signal Process,44(4):998-1001.