附属设施对近流线形桥梁三分力的雷诺数效应影响研究
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摘要
增大结构表面粗糙度是抑制近流线形桥梁雷诺数效应的有效方法。桥面栏杆、检修车轨道等附属设施也会改变桥梁外形,增大近流线形断面的"粗糙程度"。通过大比尺模型测压与测力试验,研究栏杆、检修车轨道等附属结构对近流线形桥梁断面雷诺数效应的影响。结果表明:检修车轨道会增大近流线形桥梁0°攻角阻力系数雷诺数效应,抑制其余攻角阻力系数雷诺数效应。栏杆对阻力系数雷诺数效应影响很小。检修车轨道与栏杆对负攻角的升力系数雷诺数效应影响很小,检修车轨道会抑制正攻角升力系数的雷诺数效应。栏杆会增大正攻角升力系数的雷诺数效应。检修车轨道与栏杆均会抑制负攻角升力矩系数的雷诺数效应,增大正攻角升力矩系数的雷诺数效应。为减小雷诺数效应影响,风洞试验应尽可能避开圆柱临界雷诺数区。
Increasing the surface roughness of structures is an effective method to suppress the Reynolds number effect of the approximate streamlined bridge.The deck railing,maintenance track and other ancillary facilities can change the appearance of the bridge and increase the‘roughness' of the approximate streamlined cross-section.In this paper,the impacts of the deck railing,maintenance track and other ancillary facilities on the Reynolds number effect of the approximate streamlined bridge cross-section are studied via large-scale model wind tunnel test of force and pressure measurements.The results show that the maintenance track can increase the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient of the streamlined bridge under the condition of 0°wind attack angle and suppress the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient at the other wind attack angles.The impact of the railing on the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient is small.The impact of the maintenance track and railing on the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at negative wind attack angles is very small.The maintenance track can suppress the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at positive wind attack angles and the deck railing can increase the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at positive wind attack angles.Both the maintenance track and the railing can suppress the Reynolds number effect of the lifting moment coefficient at negative wind attack angles and increase the Reynolds number effect of the pitch moment coefficient at positive wind attack angles.In order to reduce the impact of the Reynolds number effect,the critical Reynolds number critical of the cylinder should be avoided as far as possible in wind tunnel test.
Increasing the surface roughness of structures is an effective method to suppress the Reynolds number effect of the approximate streamlined bridge.The deck railing,maintenance track and other ancillary facilities can change the appearance of the bridge and increase the‘roughness' of the approximate streamlined cross-section.In this paper,the impacts of the deck railing,maintenance track and other ancillary facilities on the Reynolds number effect of the approximate streamlined bridge cross-section are studied via large-scale model wind tunnel test of force and pressure measurements.The results show that the maintenance track can increase the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient of the streamlined bridge under the condition of 0°wind attack angle and suppress the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient at the other wind attack angles.The impact of the railing on the Reynolds number effect of the drag coefficient is small.The impact of the maintenance track and railing on the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at negative wind attack angles is very small.The maintenance track can suppress the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at positive wind attack angles and the deck railing can increase the Reynolds number effect of the lift coefficient at positive wind attack angles.Both the maintenance track and the railing can suppress the Reynolds number effect of the lifting moment coefficient at negative wind attack angles and increase the Reynolds number effect of the pitch moment coefficient at positive wind attack angles.In order to reduce the impact of the Reynolds number effect,the critical Reynolds number critical of the cylinder should be avoided as far as possible in wind tunnel test.
引文
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[11]刘庆宽,邵奇,郑云飞,等.雷诺数对圆柱气动力和流场影响的试验研究[J].实验流体力学,2016,30(4):8-13.LIU Qing-kuan,SHAO Qi,ZHENG Yun-fei.Experimental study on Reynolds number effect on aerodynamic pressure and forces of cylinder[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2016,30(4):8-13.
[12]周志勇.桥梁断面雷诺数效应数值模拟研究[J].空气动力学学报,2009,27(6):664-670.ZHOU Zhi-yong.Numerical simulation study on Reynolds number effect on bridge decks[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2009,27(6):664-670.
[2]Larsen A,Schewe G.Reynolds number effects in the flow around a bluff bridge cross section[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1998,74-76:829-838.
[3]金挺,林志兴.扁平箱形桥梁断面斯特罗哈数的雷诺数效应研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(10):174-179.JIN Ting,LIN Zhi-xing.Reynolds number effects on Strouhal number of flat-box girder bridge decks[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(10):174-179.
[4]Schewe G.Reynolds number effects in flow around more-or-less bluff bodies[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2001,89:91-97.
[5]Larose G L,D’Auteuil A.On the Reynolds number sensitivity of the aerodynamics of bluff bodies with sharp edges[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2006,94:365.
[6]Kubo Y,Nogami C,Yamaguchi E,et al.Study on Reynolds number effect of a calbe-stayed bridge girder[C].Wind Engineering into the 21st Century,Copenhagen,Denmark,1999:935-940.
[7]Scanlan R H,Hon M.Observations on low-speed aero-elasticity[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2002,128(12):1254-1258.
[8]李加武,张宏杰,韩万水.斜拉桥风致响应的雷诺数效应[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(2):42-47.LI Jia-wu,ZHANG Hong-jie,HAN Wan-shui.Windinduced response of cable-stayed bridge with consideration of Reynolds number effect[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2009,22(2):42-47.
[9]白桦.影响桥梁及建筑结构风洞试验结果若干因素研究[D].西安:长安大学,2012.BAI Hua.Research on the effect of several factors on the wind tunnel test results of bridge and building structure[D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2012.
[10]张伟,葛耀君,魏志刚,等.分离双箱高低雷诺数涡振的试验研究[J].空气动力学学报,2008,26(3):356-359.ZHANG Wei,GE Yao-jun,WEI Zhi-gang,et al.Experiments on vortex induced vibration of twin-box bridge sections in high and low Reynolds numbers[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2008,26(3):356-359.
[11]刘庆宽,邵奇,郑云飞,等.雷诺数对圆柱气动力和流场影响的试验研究[J].实验流体力学,2016,30(4):8-13.LIU Qing-kuan,SHAO Qi,ZHENG Yun-fei.Experimental study on Reynolds number effect on aerodynamic pressure and forces of cylinder[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2016,30(4):8-13.
[12]周志勇.桥梁断面雷诺数效应数值模拟研究[J].空气动力学学报,2009,27(6):664-670.ZHOU Zhi-yong.Numerical simulation study on Reynolds number effect on bridge decks[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2009,27(6):664-670.
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