旋转式压缩机轴向间隙对性能影响的研究
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摘要
压缩机气缸内的制冷剂内泄漏是导致压缩机性能下降的主要因素之一,泄漏主要是由压缩机内部零件装配间隙引起。气缸和转子的轴向间隙对压缩机性能有着重要的影响,轴向间隙越小,压缩机的制冷能力等性能越好。但在压缩机工作时,高温致使气缸和转子发生热膨胀,由于两者的线胀系数不同,轴向间隙减小,导致工作可靠性变差。当间隙过小时,热胀可能会导致气缸和转子产生过盈,压缩机停机。本文通过采用不同轴向间隙的压缩机进行制冷性能测试,结果表明在保证可靠性的前提下,当轴向间隙在13.5μm左右时,压缩机的能效比最大,为4.56 W/W。
The internal leakage of refrigerant in compressor cylinder is one of the main factors leading to the decline of compressor performance, which is mainly caused by the internal part assembly clearance of the compressor. The axial clearance of the cylinder and rotor has an important impact on the compressor performance,and the refrigeration capacity of the compressor will be better when the clearance is smaller. When the rotary compressor is working, the high temperature causes expansion of the cylinder and rotor, and the axial clearance decreases due to the different linear expansion coefficients, resulting in the worse working reliability. When the clearance is too small, thermal expansion may lead to interference of the cylinder and rotor, and the compressor will shut down. In this paper, the refrigeration performance was tested by using a compressor with different axial clearances, and the results show that, when the axial clearance is about 13.5 μm, the coefficency of peformance of compressor is maximal as 4.56 W/W under the premise of reliability.
The internal leakage of refrigerant in compressor cylinder is one of the main factors leading to the decline of compressor performance, which is mainly caused by the internal part assembly clearance of the compressor. The axial clearance of the cylinder and rotor has an important impact on the compressor performance,and the refrigeration capacity of the compressor will be better when the clearance is smaller. When the rotary compressor is working, the high temperature causes expansion of the cylinder and rotor, and the axial clearance decreases due to the different linear expansion coefficients, resulting in the worse working reliability. When the clearance is too small, thermal expansion may lead to interference of the cylinder and rotor, and the compressor will shut down. In this paper, the refrigeration performance was tested by using a compressor with different axial clearances, and the results show that, when the axial clearance is about 13.5 μm, the coefficency of peformance of compressor is maximal as 4.56 W/W under the premise of reliability.
引文
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[2]罗斌.制冷空调节能技术的应用分析及发展方向[J].山东工业技术,2016(4):63.
[3]中国制冷空调工业协会.制冷空调行业“十三五”规划[J].制冷与空调,2016,16(7):4-13.
[4]卢苇,马一太.中国中央空调的节能潜力预测[J].制冷技术,2004,24(4):18-21.
[5]周德馨,周乾纲.提高旋转式压缩机效率的途径[J].家用电器科技,2002(3):68-71.
[6]胡旭,屈宗长,于漠南,等.平动回转式压缩机的几何理论[J].中国机械工程,2011(16):1896-1900.
[7]马俊杰,陈祥,纵文斌,等.平动回转式压缩机结构参数的优化研究[J].压缩机技术,2015(4):1-5.
[8]徐玉格,范少稳,王维国,等.曲轴磨损对压缩机能效的影响及改善措施[J].家电科技,2016(12):44-46.
[9]尚磊,曾妍文,王磊,等.压缩机市场发展分析[J].制冷技术,2016,36(S1):8-24.
[10]王磊.压缩机市场发展分析[J].制冷技术,2018,38(S1):6-23.
[11]高永红.提高旋转式压缩机效率的几种方法[J].电机电器技术,2001(3):45-46.
[12]李海生.无油润滑涡旋压缩机轴向间隙密封的研究[J].煤矿机械,2007,28(6):43-46.
[13]罗泽良.旋转式压缩机性能的影响因素及改善分析[J].日用电器,2014(11):55-57.
[14]陈志明,压缩机内气体泄漏量计算模型[J].流体机械,1994,22(4):27-31.
[15]YANAGISAWA T,SHIMIZU T.Leakage losses with a rolling piston type rotary compressor I:radial clearance on the rolling piston[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,1985,8(2):75-84.
[16]晏刚,马贞俊,周晋.滚动转子式压缩机的间隙泄漏模型[J].压缩机技术,2003(2):1-4.
[17]盛辉.滚动转子式压缩机止推轴承摩擦磨损性能分析与实验研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011.
[18]韩润虎.美国谷轮公司压缩机应用技术讲座第15讲压缩机常见故障分析(3)--缺油与润滑不足[J].制冷技术,2004,24(4):47-49.
[19]方祥建,程睿,邵英,等.制冷剂泄漏对家用空调压缩机的影响[J].制冷与空调,2013,13(3):41-45.
[20]贺申淦.制冷剂泄漏对家用空调器压缩机的影响[J].科技与创新,2018(11):86-87.
[21]佐藤重己.空调压缩机低电压和制冷剂泄漏状态下的过载保护器匹配[J].制冷与空调,2010,10(S1):144-146.
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