考虑多种需求响应的负荷集成商联合调度研究
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摘要
随着售电侧市场化改革的推进,负荷集成商由于其连接系统与最终用户的桥梁作用,获得了很大的发展机遇.文中在负荷集成商调度优化中,考虑可削减负荷、可转移负荷、自备发电机负荷这三种需求响应的物理约束及联合调度约束,并以负荷集成商的收益最大化为目标,采用分支定界法确保找到最优解,从而确定日前能量市场中负荷集成商的最佳调度策略.最后采用算例验证分析了负荷集成商调度受物理约束、电价及联合调度约束的影响,为负荷集成商的实际调度提供了理论依据.
With the advancement of electricity market reforms, load aggregators have gained significant opportunities due to their important role as a bridge between connected systems and end users.The physical constraints and the daily load cap constraints of Load Curtailment, Load Shifting, Utilizing Onsite Generation was considered in the load integrator scheduling optimization. The branch and bound method was used to ensure that the optimal solution was found, so as to determine the optimal scheduling strategy of the load integrator in the energy market. Finally, examples were given to analyze the impact of load integrator scheduling on physical constraints and joint scheduling constraints, which provide a theoretical basis for the actual scheduling of load aggregators.
With the advancement of electricity market reforms, load aggregators have gained significant opportunities due to their important role as a bridge between connected systems and end users.The physical constraints and the daily load cap constraints of Load Curtailment, Load Shifting, Utilizing Onsite Generation was considered in the load integrator scheduling optimization. The branch and bound method was used to ensure that the optimal solution was found, so as to determine the optimal scheduling strategy of the load integrator in the energy market. Finally, examples were given to analyze the impact of load integrator scheduling on physical constraints and joint scheduling constraints, which provide a theoretical basis for the actual scheduling of load aggregators.
引文
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[15] 汤奕,鲁针针,伏祥运.居民主动负荷促进分布式电源消纳的需求响应策略 [J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(24):49- 55.TANG Yi,LU Zhenzhen,FU Xiangyun.Demand response strategies for promoting consumption of distributed power generation with residential active loads [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(24):49- 55.
[16] 牛贞贞.典型电力用户需求响应分析研究 [D].郑州:郑州大学,2015.
[17] Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.Demand response compensation in organized wholesale energy markets [J].Order,2011,745:134.
[18] GAMS Development Corporation.GAMS Documentation Center [EB/OL].[2018- 02- 31].https://www.gams.com/latest/docs/index.html
[19] PJM Interconnection LLC.PJM real time electrical price [EB/OL].[2012- 12- 31].http://www.pjm.com/markets-and-operations/energy/real-time/monthlylmp.aspx
[2] SHIMOMURA Y,NEMOTO Y,AKASAKA F,et al.A method for designing customer-oriented demand response aggregation service [J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2014,63(1):413- 416.
[3] 高赐威,李倩玉,李慧星,等.基于负荷聚合商业务的需求响应资源整合方法与运营机制 [J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(17):78- 86.GAO Ciwei,LI Qianyu,LI Huixing,et al.Methodology and operation mechanism of demand response resources integration based on load aggregator [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(17):78- 86.
[4] PARVANIA M,FOTUHI-FIRUZABAD M,SHAHIDEHPOUR M.Optimal demand response aggregation in wholesale electricity markets [J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(4):1957- 1965.
[5] GKATZIKIS L,KOUTSOPOULOS I,SALONIDIS T.The role of aggregators in smart grid demand response markets [J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,2013,31(7):1247- 1257.
[6] 鞠立伟,秦超,吴鸿亮,等.计及多类型需求响应的风电消纳随机优化调度模型 [J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1839- 1846.JU Li-wei,QIN Chao,WU Hong-liang,et al.Wind power accommodation stochastic optimization model with multi-type demand response [J].Power Syst Technol,2015,39(7):1839- 1846.
[7] 周楠,樊玮,刘念,等.基于需求响应的光伏微网储能系统多目标容量优化配置 [J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1709- 1716.ZHOU Nan,FAN Wei,LIU Nian,et al.Battery storage multi-objective optimization for capacity configuration of PV-based Micro-grid considering demand response [J].Power Syst Technol,2016,40(6):1709- 1716.
[8] 曾丹,姚建国,杨胜春,等.应对风电消纳中基于安全约束的价格型需求响应优化调度建模 [J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5571- 5578.ZENG Dan,YAO Jian-guo,YANG Sheng-chun,et al.Optimization dispatch modeling for price-based demand response considering security constraints to accommodate the wind power [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5571- 5578.
[9] 别朝红,胡国伟,谢海鹏,等.考虑需求响应的含风电电力系统的优化调度 [J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(13):115- 120.BIE Zhaohong,HU Guowei,XIE Haipeng,et al.Optimal dispatch for wind power integrated systems considering demand response [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems ,2014,38(13):115- 120.
[10] ZUGNO M,MORALES J M,PINSON P,et al.A bilevel model for electricity retailers’ participation in a demand response market environment [J].Energy Economics,2013,36(C):182- 197.
[11] 孙建伟,唐升卫,刘菲,等.面向需求响应控制的家用电热水器建模和控制策略评估 [J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(4):51- 55.SUN Jian-wei,TANG Sheng-wei,LIU Fei,et al.Modeling method and control strategy evaluation of electric water heater for demand response program [J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(4):51- 55.
[12] ZEHIR M A.Demand side management by controlling refrigerators and its effects on consumers [J].Energy Conversion & Management,2012,64(64):238- 244.
[13] 曾博,杨雍琦,段金辉,等.新能源电力系统中需求侧响应关键问题及未来研究展望 [J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):10- 18.ZENG Bo,YANG Yongqi,DUAN Jinhui,et al.Key issues and research prospects for demand-side response in alternate electrical power systems with renewable energy sources [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(17):10- 18.
[14] 叶剑斌,黄堃,刘琼,等.面向电网削峰的商业楼宇空调负荷调控实证研究 [J].江苏电机工程,2014,33(1):30- 34.YE Jianbin,HUANG Kun,LIU Qiong,et al.Empirical study on air-conditioning load regulation of commercial building for power grid peak clipping [J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2014,33(1):30- 34.
[15] 汤奕,鲁针针,伏祥运.居民主动负荷促进分布式电源消纳的需求响应策略 [J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(24):49- 55.TANG Yi,LU Zhenzhen,FU Xiangyun.Demand response strategies for promoting consumption of distributed power generation with residential active loads [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(24):49- 55.
[16] 牛贞贞.典型电力用户需求响应分析研究 [D].郑州:郑州大学,2015.
[17] Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.Demand response compensation in organized wholesale energy markets [J].Order,2011,745:134.
[18] GAMS Development Corporation.GAMS Documentation Center [EB/OL].[2018- 02- 31].https://www.gams.com/latest/docs/index.html
[19] PJM Interconnection LLC.PJM real time electrical price [EB/OL].[2012- 12- 31].http://www.pjm.com/markets-and-operations/energy/real-time/monthlylmp.aspx
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