乌石凹陷南部陡坡带流二段大型储集体发育条件及特征
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摘要
综合钻井、古生物、地震、薄片等资料,分析了乌石凹陷南部陡坡带大型储集体的发育条件、类型、特征及有利勘探方向。研究结果认为:提出湖平面、物源、断裂及古地貌等耦合控制了断陷湖盆陡坡带大型储集体的发育,其中强烈的湖退事件是发育大型储集体的古湖盆演化基础;充足的物源供给是形成大型储集体的物质保证;显著的断裂聚砂效应和适宜的地貌条件是构建大型储集体的重要汇水机制。大型储集体的主要类型为扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲,其中扇三角洲主要受断面缓坡带及沟谷地貌的控制,沉积上岩性较粗,微相以水下分流河道和水下分流间湾为主;辫状河三角洲主要受转换断阶带、帚状断阶带及相对宽缓地貌的控制,沉积上岩性较细,微相除水下分流河道、水下分流间湾以外,河口坝及远砂坝也较为发育。在此基础上,结合大型储集体的发育特征,明确了乌石凹陷南部陡坡带东段的有利勘探层系为流二段下层序高位域,西段的有利勘探层系为流二段上层序低位及湖侵域;而各大型储集体的前端,由于岩性圈闭、岩性—构造圈闭及构造圈闭等发育,且埋藏浅、靠近生烃中心,还位于油气运聚的优势方向,为有利的勘探区域。
Comprehensive analysis of drilling,palaeontology,seismic,sections and other data,the large reservoirs development conditions,types,characteristics and the favorable exploration directions of the southern steep slope zone in Wushi depression was analyze. It proposed that the lake level,provenance,fracture and paleogeomorphology coupling controlled the development of large reservoirs in the steep slope of fault-depressed lacustrine basin. Among them,the strong lake retreat was the basic condition of the Palaeo-lake evolution for developing large reservoirs,the enough supply of provenance was the material guarantee for forming large reservoirs,the significant fracture accumulated sand effect and suitable topography were the important catchment mechanism for constructing large reservoirs. The main types of large reservoirs were fan delta and braided river delta.The fan delta was mainly controlled by the fracture surface gentle slope zone and valley topography,the lithology was relatively coarse,the sedimentary microfacies were mainly underwater distributary channel and subaqueous inter-distributary bay.The braided river delta was mainly controlled by transition fault zone,broom fault zone as well as relatively wide and gentle topography,the lithology was relative fine,the sedimentary microfacies were mainly distributary mouth bar and distal bar,besides underwater distributary channel and subaqueous inter-distributary bay. On this basis and combined with the characteristics of large reservoirs,it suggested that the favorable exploration layer for the eastern part of the southern steep slope zone was the highstand system tracts of lower sequence and for the western part of the southern steep slope zone was the lowstand and transgression systems tracts of upper sequence in the second member of Liushagang,Wushi depression.Due to the front of the large reservoirs lithologic traps,lithological-structural traps and structural traps were developed,and were shallow buried,closed to the hydrocarbon supply center,at the same time located in the dominant direction of oil and gas accumulation,therefore,was the favorable exploration area.
Comprehensive analysis of drilling,palaeontology,seismic,sections and other data,the large reservoirs development conditions,types,characteristics and the favorable exploration directions of the southern steep slope zone in Wushi depression was analyze. It proposed that the lake level,provenance,fracture and paleogeomorphology coupling controlled the development of large reservoirs in the steep slope of fault-depressed lacustrine basin. Among them,the strong lake retreat was the basic condition of the Palaeo-lake evolution for developing large reservoirs,the enough supply of provenance was the material guarantee for forming large reservoirs,the significant fracture accumulated sand effect and suitable topography were the important catchment mechanism for constructing large reservoirs. The main types of large reservoirs were fan delta and braided river delta.The fan delta was mainly controlled by the fracture surface gentle slope zone and valley topography,the lithology was relatively coarse,the sedimentary microfacies were mainly underwater distributary channel and subaqueous inter-distributary bay.The braided river delta was mainly controlled by transition fault zone,broom fault zone as well as relatively wide and gentle topography,the lithology was relative fine,the sedimentary microfacies were mainly distributary mouth bar and distal bar,besides underwater distributary channel and subaqueous inter-distributary bay. On this basis and combined with the characteristics of large reservoirs,it suggested that the favorable exploration layer for the eastern part of the southern steep slope zone was the highstand system tracts of lower sequence and for the western part of the southern steep slope zone was the lowstand and transgression systems tracts of upper sequence in the second member of Liushagang,Wushi depression.Due to the front of the large reservoirs lithologic traps,lithological-structural traps and structural traps were developed,and were shallow buried,closed to the hydrocarbon supply center,at the same time located in the dominant direction of oil and gas accumulation,therefore,was the favorable exploration area.
引文
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[8]黄传炎,王华,肖敦清,等.板桥凹陷断裂陡坡带沙一段层序样式和沉积体系特征及其成藏模式研究[J].沉积学报,2007,25(3):386-391.[Huang Chuanyan,Wang Hua,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Sequence patterns,characteristics of depositional systems and model of reservoirs of fault steep slope belt of the first member of Shahejie Formation in Banqiao sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(3):386-391.]
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[11]张建新,胡德胜,何卫军,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段沉积体系发育特征及控制因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(5):8-15.[Zhang Jianxin,Hu Desheng,He Weijun,et al.Development characteristics of sedimentary system and control factors analysis of the third member of Liushagang Formation in eastern Wushi depression,Beibuwan Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(5):8-15.]
[12]杨希冰,胡林,金秋月.乌石凹陷中—东区油气来源及成藏时间分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(5):9-17.[Yang Xibing,Hu Lin,Jin Qiuyue.Analysis of hydrocarbon origin and its accumulation time in the middle and esat zone of Wushi sag[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(5):9-17.]
[13]林海涛,任建业,雷超,等.琼东南盆地2号断层构造转换带及其对砂体分布的控制[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(3):308-316.[Lin Haitao,Ren Jianye,Lei Chao,et al.Tectonic transfer zone of No.2 fault and its controls on sandbody distribution in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2010,34(3):308-316.]
[14]鲍志东,赵艳军,祁利祺,等.构造转换带储集体发育的主控因素:以准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系为例[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):867-877.[Bao Zhidong,Zhao Yanjun,Qi Liqi,et al.Controlling factors of reservoir development in structural transfer zones:A case study of the inner Junggar Basin in Jurassic[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(3):867-877.]
[15]徐守余,刘泽容.山东济阳帚状构造体系与油气聚集[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(2):155-160.[Xu Shouyu,Liu Zerong.Jiyang brush structural system and its relationship with oil and gas[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(2):155-160.]
[16]鲍志东,赵立新,王勇,等.断陷湖盆储集砂体发育的主控因素:以辽河西部凹陷古近系为例[J].现代地质,2009,23(4):676-682.[Bao Zhidong,Zhao Lixin,Wang Yong,et al.The main control factors of sandbody reservoir development in Rift-Subsidence Lake Basin:an example from the Paleogene West sag of Liaohe Basin[J].Geoscience,2009,23(4):676-682.]
[17]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,耿晓洁,等.泌阳凹陷东南部核桃园组近岸水下扇与扇三角洲沉积特征比较及控制因素分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):271-279.[Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Geng Xiaojie,et al.Sedimentary characteristics comparison and controlling factors analyses of nearshore subaqueous fan and fan delta in the Hetaoyuan Formation of southeastern Biyang sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):271-279.]
[18]王星星,朱筱敏,张明君,等.洪浩尔舒特凹陷下白垩统近岸水下扇沉积特征[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):568-577.[Wang Xingxing,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Mingjun,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of near-shore subaqueous fans of the lower Cretaceous in the Honghaoershute depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,33(3):568-577.]
[19]刘磊,钟怡江,陈洪德,等.中国东部箕状断陷湖盆扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲对比研究[J].沉积学报,2015,33(6):1170-1181.[Liu Lei,Zhong Yijiang,Chen Hongde,et al.Contrastive research of fan deltas and braided river deltas in half-graben rift lake basin in East China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,33(6):1170-1181.]
[20]薛良清,Galloway W E.扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲与三角洲体系的分类[J].地质学报,1991,65(2):141-153.[Xue Liangqing,Galloway W E.Fan-delta,braid delta and the classification of delta systems[J].Acta Geological Sinica,1991,65(2):141-153.]
[2]胡受权,郭文平.断陷湖盆陡坡带油气成藏类型及其分布规律探讨[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(2):190-198.[Hu Shouquan,Guo Wenping.Discussion on play types and their distribution regularities in steep slope zone of fault-depressed lacustrine basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2002,8(2):190-198.]
[3]秦伟军,林社卿,程哲,等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷油气成藏作用及成藏模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):669-673.[Qin Weijun,Lin Sheqing,Cheng Zhe,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation and reservoiring pattern in Biyang depression,Nanxiang Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(5):669-673.]
[4]杨雄涛,罗顺社,朱颜,等.泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带核三上段沉积相研究[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(3):56-60.[Yang Xiongtao,Luo Shunshe,Zhu Yan,et al.Sedimentary facies of upper Eh3on the south steep slope zone of Biyang depression[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(3):56-60.]
[5]王居峰.陆相断陷盆地陡坡带沉积相类型与沉积演化特征:以东营凹陷民丰地区沙三段、沙四段为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(5):611-617.[Wang Jufeng.Sedimentary facies types and evolution features on steep slope belt in terrestrial fault-depressed basin—A case in Sha 3 and 4 Member of Minfeng area in Dongying depression[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(5):611-617.]
[6]鄢继华,陈世悦,姜在兴.东营凹陷北部陡坡带近岸水下扇沉积特征[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(1):12-16,21.[Yan Jihua,Chen Shiyue,Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentary characteristics of nearshore subaqueous fans in steep slope of Dongying depression[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2005,29(1):12-16,21.]
[7]谭卓,刘志国,李运振,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷陡坡带砂体成因类型及其演化[J].地质调查与研究,2015,38(1):1-9.[Tan Zhuo,Liu Zhiguo,Li Yunzhen,et al.Forming types and evolution of sand body in steep slope belt of Weixinan sag,Beibu Gulf Basin[J].Geological Survey and Research,2015,38(1):1-9.]
[8]黄传炎,王华,肖敦清,等.板桥凹陷断裂陡坡带沙一段层序样式和沉积体系特征及其成藏模式研究[J].沉积学报,2007,25(3):386-391.[Huang Chuanyan,Wang Hua,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Sequence patterns,characteristics of depositional systems and model of reservoirs of fault steep slope belt of the first member of Shahejie Formation in Banqiao sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(3):386-391.]
[9]鲜本忠,王永诗,周廷全,等.断陷湖盆陡坡带砂砾岩体分布规律及控制因素:以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷车镇凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):429-436.[Xian Benzhong,Wang Yongshi,Zhou Tingquan,et al.Distribution and controlling factors of glutinite bodies in the actic region of a rift basin:An example from Chezhen sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):429-436.]
[10]杨海长,梁建设,胡望水.乌石凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(3):41-46.[Yang Haizhang,Liang Jianshe,Hu Wangshui.Structural features and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in Wushi sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2011,33(3):41-46.]
[11]张建新,胡德胜,何卫军,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段沉积体系发育特征及控制因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(5):8-15.[Zhang Jianxin,Hu Desheng,He Weijun,et al.Development characteristics of sedimentary system and control factors analysis of the third member of Liushagang Formation in eastern Wushi depression,Beibuwan Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(5):8-15.]
[12]杨希冰,胡林,金秋月.乌石凹陷中—东区油气来源及成藏时间分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(5):9-17.[Yang Xibing,Hu Lin,Jin Qiuyue.Analysis of hydrocarbon origin and its accumulation time in the middle and esat zone of Wushi sag[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(5):9-17.]
[13]林海涛,任建业,雷超,等.琼东南盆地2号断层构造转换带及其对砂体分布的控制[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(3):308-316.[Lin Haitao,Ren Jianye,Lei Chao,et al.Tectonic transfer zone of No.2 fault and its controls on sandbody distribution in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2010,34(3):308-316.]
[14]鲍志东,赵艳军,祁利祺,等.构造转换带储集体发育的主控因素:以准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系为例[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):867-877.[Bao Zhidong,Zhao Yanjun,Qi Liqi,et al.Controlling factors of reservoir development in structural transfer zones:A case study of the inner Junggar Basin in Jurassic[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(3):867-877.]
[15]徐守余,刘泽容.山东济阳帚状构造体系与油气聚集[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(2):155-160.[Xu Shouyu,Liu Zerong.Jiyang brush structural system and its relationship with oil and gas[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(2):155-160.]
[16]鲍志东,赵立新,王勇,等.断陷湖盆储集砂体发育的主控因素:以辽河西部凹陷古近系为例[J].现代地质,2009,23(4):676-682.[Bao Zhidong,Zhao Lixin,Wang Yong,et al.The main control factors of sandbody reservoir development in Rift-Subsidence Lake Basin:an example from the Paleogene West sag of Liaohe Basin[J].Geoscience,2009,23(4):676-682.]
[17]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,耿晓洁,等.泌阳凹陷东南部核桃园组近岸水下扇与扇三角洲沉积特征比较及控制因素分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):271-279.[Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Geng Xiaojie,et al.Sedimentary characteristics comparison and controlling factors analyses of nearshore subaqueous fan and fan delta in the Hetaoyuan Formation of southeastern Biyang sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):271-279.]
[18]王星星,朱筱敏,张明君,等.洪浩尔舒特凹陷下白垩统近岸水下扇沉积特征[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):568-577.[Wang Xingxing,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Mingjun,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of near-shore subaqueous fans of the lower Cretaceous in the Honghaoershute depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,33(3):568-577.]
[19]刘磊,钟怡江,陈洪德,等.中国东部箕状断陷湖盆扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲对比研究[J].沉积学报,2015,33(6):1170-1181.[Liu Lei,Zhong Yijiang,Chen Hongde,et al.Contrastive research of fan deltas and braided river deltas in half-graben rift lake basin in East China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,33(6):1170-1181.]
[20]薛良清,Galloway W E.扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲与三角洲体系的分类[J].地质学报,1991,65(2):141-153.[Xue Liangqing,Galloway W E.Fan-delta,braid delta and the classification of delta systems[J].Acta Geological Sinica,1991,65(2):141-153.]