电动汽车动力电池自加热装置设计
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摘要
锂离子电池在低温环境下充放电性能大幅下降,为改善低温使用性能,给电池组设计并加装基于自身供电的电热膜加热装置。装置由加热部件、控制加热通断模块(含温度传感器及信号处理)和应用软件组成。加热部件含加热电阻和相关线路等;控制加热通断模块以单片机为控制器核心,集成了AD转换器、加热开关、状态指示灯、显示单元以及温度传感器等;应用软件包括基于动力电池包表面温度的多种加热方案、温度处理程序、报警程序、显示程序等。通过测试,自加热系统可以实现低温环境下电动汽车动力电池的自加热任务。
The charge-discharge performance of lithium ion battery decreases greatly in low temperature environment.In order to improve the charge-discharge performance of batteries in low-temperature environment, a self-heatingsystem of lithium-ion battery based on the wide-line metal film method for electric vehicles was designed. Thedevice consists of heating components, control heating on and off module(including temperature sensor and signalprocessing) and application software. Heating components include heating resistance and related lines, etc. Thehardware system took single-chip microcomputer controller as the core, then AD converter, heating switch andheating unit, status indicator, display unit and protection devices were integrated. The software programs containedthe heating schemes on the basis of surface temperature of the batteries, the temperature processing program, thealarm program, the display program, etc. Through testing, the self-heating task of electric vehicle power battery inlow temperature environment can be realized by the self-heating system.
The charge-discharge performance of lithium ion battery decreases greatly in low temperature environment.In order to improve the charge-discharge performance of batteries in low-temperature environment, a self-heatingsystem of lithium-ion battery based on the wide-line metal film method for electric vehicles was designed. Thedevice consists of heating components, control heating on and off module(including temperature sensor and signalprocessing) and application software. Heating components include heating resistance and related lines, etc. Thehardware system took single-chip microcomputer controller as the core, then AD converter, heating switch andheating unit, status indicator, display unit and protection devices were integrated. The software programs containedthe heating schemes on the basis of surface temperature of the batteries, the temperature processing program, thealarm program, the display program, etc. Through testing, the self-heating task of electric vehicle power battery inlow temperature environment can be realized by the self-heating system.
引文
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[13]李远方,陆中奎,稽黎明,等.基于PID控制的动力电池低温充电加热控制方案设计[C]//第17届中国电动车辆学术年会论文集.北京:中国汽车工程学会,2013:195-199.
[14]雷治国,张承宁,雷学国,等.电传动车辆用锂离子电池组低温加热方法研究[J].电源学报,2016,14(1):102-108.
[15]雷治国,张承宁,董玉刚,等.电动汽车用锂离子电池低温性能和加热方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(9):1399-1404.
[2]肖献法.国务院原则通过汽车产业调整振兴规划[J].商用汽车,2009(2):31.
[3] ZHANG S S, XU K, JOW T R. The low temperature performance ofLi-ion batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources, 2003, 115(1):137-140.
[4] FAN J, TAN S. Studies on charging lithium-ion cells at low temper-atures[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2006, 153(6):A1081-A1092.
[5] SMART M C, RATNAKUMAR B V, WHITCANACK L D, et al.Improved low-temperature performance of lithium-ion cells withquaternary carbonate-based electrolytes[J]. Journal of Power Sour-ces, 2003(3):349-358.
[6] HANDE A, STUART T A. AC heating for EV/HEV batteries[J].Power Electronics in Transportation, 2002, 18(3):119-124.
[7] HANDE A, STUART T A. HEV battery heating using AC currents[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2004, 129(2):368-378.
[8] MATTHE R, TURNER L, METTLACH H. VOLTEC battery systemfor electric vehicle with extended range[J]. SAE International Jour-nal of Engines, 2011, 4(1):1944-1962.
[9] ALAOUI C, SALAMEH Z M. A novel thermal management forelectric and hybrid vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on VehicularTechnology, 2005,54(2):468-476.
[10]马骁.电动汽车锂离子电池温度特性与加热管理系统研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2010.
[11]王发成,张俊智,王丽芳.车载动力电池组用空气电加热装置设计[J].电源技术,2013,37(7):1184-1187.
[12]潘成久,郭宏飞.电动汽车电池包保温与加热的研究[C]//中国汽车工程学会年会论文集.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2013:281-284.
[13]李远方,陆中奎,稽黎明,等.基于PID控制的动力电池低温充电加热控制方案设计[C]//第17届中国电动车辆学术年会论文集.北京:中国汽车工程学会,2013:195-199.
[14]雷治国,张承宁,雷学国,等.电传动车辆用锂离子电池组低温加热方法研究[J].电源学报,2016,14(1):102-108.
[15]雷治国,张承宁,董玉刚,等.电动汽车用锂离子电池低温性能和加热方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(9):1399-1404.
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