板裂千枚岩微观结构与力学性质
|
摘要
为了研究板裂千枚岩的微观结构及力学性质,以汶川—马尔康高速公路沿线典型的板裂千枚岩为研究对象,进行了X衍射,薄片鉴定和单轴、三轴压缩试验。结果表明:1)板裂千枚岩微观结构和矿物成分比较复杂,具有明显的脆、塑性变形和裂隙,结构稳定性差;2)板裂千枚岩的各向异性明显,结构面夹角从0°到90°,板裂千枚岩的弹性模量、抗压强度、黏聚力和内摩擦角先减小后增大,呈V型分布规律;3)板裂千枚岩的破裂模式与结构面夹角和围压的大小密切相关,其破裂模式共有顺结构面的张拉劈裂破坏、顺结构面的剪切滑移破坏、Y型张拉-剪切复合破坏、顺结构面和贯穿结构面的复合张剪破坏、贯穿结构面的剪切破坏5种类型;4)随着围压的增大,不同结构面夹角试样的强度、变形参数和破裂模式的各向异性逐渐减弱;5)最大主应力与结构面的组合方式控制着岩石的破裂模式和力学性质,这是板裂板裂千枚岩显示各向异性的根本原因。
In order to study microstructure and mechanical properties of broken phyllite,the typical broken phyllite along the Wenchuan-Maerkang expressway was taken as the research object.X-ray powder diffraction,thin slice identification,uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were carried out.The results show that:1)The microstructure and mineral components are very complex.Most of the rocks have obvious brittle,plastic deformations and fractures with poor structural stability.2)Significant anisotropy of broken phyllite was observed.Some mechanical parameters increased after the first decrease,such as the elastic modulus,compressive strength,cohesion and friction angle.These mechanical parameters showed a V-shape when the angle varied from 0°to 90°.3)The failure modes of broken phyllite are closely related to angles and the confining pressure,which can be summed up in five types:tensile splitting along structural plane,shearing slip failure structural plane,Y type tensile-shear compound failure,compound shear failure across and along structural plane,and shear failure cross structural plane.4)With the increasing of confining pressure,the strength,deformation parameters and failure modes of rock samples gradually weakened.5)The combination of the maximum principal stress and the structural plane controls the failure mode and mechanism of rock,and it is the fundamental reason for the anisotropy of broken phyllite.
In order to study microstructure and mechanical properties of broken phyllite,the typical broken phyllite along the Wenchuan-Maerkang expressway was taken as the research object.X-ray powder diffraction,thin slice identification,uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were carried out.The results show that:1)The microstructure and mineral components are very complex.Most of the rocks have obvious brittle,plastic deformations and fractures with poor structural stability.2)Significant anisotropy of broken phyllite was observed.Some mechanical parameters increased after the first decrease,such as the elastic modulus,compressive strength,cohesion and friction angle.These mechanical parameters showed a V-shape when the angle varied from 0°to 90°.3)The failure modes of broken phyllite are closely related to angles and the confining pressure,which can be summed up in five types:tensile splitting along structural plane,shearing slip failure structural plane,Y type tensile-shear compound failure,compound shear failure across and along structural plane,and shear failure cross structural plane.4)With the increasing of confining pressure,the strength,deformation parameters and failure modes of rock samples gradually weakened.5)The combination of the maximum principal stress and the structural plane controls the failure mode and mechanism of rock,and it is the fundamental reason for the anisotropy of broken phyllite.
引文
[1]陈晓利,周本刚,冉洪流,等.汶川地震中擂鼓镇地区的滑坡崩塌规律及预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(6):1371-1379.Chen Xiaoli,Zhou Bengang,Ran Hongliu,et al.Analysis and Prediction of the Spatial Distribution of Landslides Triggered by Wenchuan Earthquakes in Leiguzhen Region[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science),2010,40(6):1371-1379.
[2]苏生瑞,李松,程强.汶川地震后公路边坡崩塌灾害发育规律[J].山地学报,2012,30(3):321-327.Su Shengrui,Li Song,Cheng Qiang.Characteristics of the Post-Earthquake Rockfalls of Highway Slopes in Wenchuan-Earthquake-Stricken Areas[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2012,30(3):321-327.
[3]Ramamurthy T,Rao G V,Singh J.Engineering Behaviour of Phyllites[J].Engineering Geology,1993,33(3):209-225.
[4]Kaifeng Hu,Qian Feng,Xutao Wang.Experimental Research on Mechanical Property of Phyllite Tunnel Surrounding Rock Under Different Moisture State[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2017,35(1):303-311.
[5]孙萍,殷跃平,吴树仁,等.四川省青川县东河口滑坡岩石的抗剪断性质试验[J].地质通报,2009,28(8):1163-1167.Sun Ping,Yin Yueping,Wu Shuren,et al.Experimental Study on Shear Strength of Rocks from Donghekou Landslide in Qingchuan County,Sichuan Province,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(8):1163-1167.
[6]郑达,巨能攀.某水电站坝址千枚岩的岩石强度各向异性特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(4):438-442.Zheng Da,Ju Nengpan.Study on Anisotropy Properties of Fresh Phyllite Rock Strength at a Hydropower Station Damsite[J].Jouranl of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2011,38(4):438-442.
[7]曾鹏,纪洪广,赵奎,等.绢云母化千枚岩各向异性特性及长期强度试验研究[J].中国矿业,2016,25(4):141-145.Zeng Peng,Ji Hongguang,Zhao Kui,et al.Experimental Study on Long-Term Strength and Anisotropic Characteristics of Sericite Phillite[J].China Mining Magazine,2016,25(4):141-145.
[8]孙萍,殷跃平,吴树仁,等.东河口滑坡岩石微观结构及力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增刊1):2872-2878.Sun Ping,Yin Yueping,Wu Shuren,et al.Experimental Study of Microstruture and Mechanical Properties of Rocks from Donghekou Landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Sup.1):2872-2878.
[9]蒲超,孟陆波,李天斌.三轴压缩条件下千枚岩破裂与能量特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2017,25(2):359-366.Pu Chao,Meng Lubo,Li Tianbin.Rupture and Energy Properties of Phyllite Under Triaxial Compression Condition[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2017,25(2):359-366.
[10]郑达,巨能攀.千枚岩岩石微观破裂机理与断裂特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(3):317-322.Zheng Da,Ju Nengpan.Scanning Electronic Microscope Tests for Rock Micro-Rupture Mechanism and Fracture Characteristic of Phyllite[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(3):317-322.
[11]王丰,孟陆波,李天斌.千枚岩常规三轴压缩各向异性特征试验研究[J].公路,2014,59(10):216-222.Wang Feng,Meng Lubo,Li Tianbin.Study of Phyllite Rock Anisotropy Properties by Conventional Triaxial Compressiontests[J].Highway,2014,59(10):216-222.
[12]吴永胜,谭忠盛,喻渝,等.川西北茂县群千枚岩各向异性力学特性[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):207-215.Wu Yongsheng,Tan Zhongsheng,Yu Yu,et al.Anisotropically Mechanical Characteristics of Maoxian Group Phyllite in Northwest of Sichuan Province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):207-215.
[13]吴永胜,谭忠盛,李少孟.挤压性大变形隧道围岩基本特性的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(增刊1):398-402.Wu Yongsheng,Tan Zhongsheng,Li Shaomeng.Experimental Study on the Basic Characteristics of Tunnel in Squeezing Surrounding Rock with Large Deformation[J]China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(Sup.1):398-402.
[14]赵建军,解明礼,李涛,等.饱水条件下千枚岩软化效应试验分析[J].工程地质学报,2017,25(6):1449-1454.Zhao Jianjun,Xie Mingli,Li Tao,et al.Softening of Effect of Phyllite with Water Saturation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2017,25(6):1449-1454.
[15]刘云鹏.板裂原岩抗压试验及显微特征分析[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(12):60-66,81.Liu Yunpeng.Compression Test and Microscopic Characteristics Analysis of Slab-Rupture Original Rock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2015,32(12):60-66,81.
[16]谢和平,陈至达.岩石断裂的微观机理分析[J].煤炭学报,1989,9(2):57-67.Xie Heping,Chen Zhida.Analysis of Rock Fracture Micro-Mechanism[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,9(2):57-67.
[17]刘云鹏,邓辉,黄润秋.板裂结构岩石力学试验及破裂断口细观形貌特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3852-3861.Liu Yunpeng,Deng Hui,Huang Runqiu.Mechanical Test of Slab-Rent Structure Rock and Mesoscopic Morphology Analysis of Rupture Surface[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup.2):3852-3861.
[18]Singh J,Ramamurthy T.Strength Anisotropies Inrocks[J].Indian Geotechnical Journal,1989,19(2):147-166.
[2]苏生瑞,李松,程强.汶川地震后公路边坡崩塌灾害发育规律[J].山地学报,2012,30(3):321-327.Su Shengrui,Li Song,Cheng Qiang.Characteristics of the Post-Earthquake Rockfalls of Highway Slopes in Wenchuan-Earthquake-Stricken Areas[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2012,30(3):321-327.
[3]Ramamurthy T,Rao G V,Singh J.Engineering Behaviour of Phyllites[J].Engineering Geology,1993,33(3):209-225.
[4]Kaifeng Hu,Qian Feng,Xutao Wang.Experimental Research on Mechanical Property of Phyllite Tunnel Surrounding Rock Under Different Moisture State[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2017,35(1):303-311.
[5]孙萍,殷跃平,吴树仁,等.四川省青川县东河口滑坡岩石的抗剪断性质试验[J].地质通报,2009,28(8):1163-1167.Sun Ping,Yin Yueping,Wu Shuren,et al.Experimental Study on Shear Strength of Rocks from Donghekou Landslide in Qingchuan County,Sichuan Province,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(8):1163-1167.
[6]郑达,巨能攀.某水电站坝址千枚岩的岩石强度各向异性特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(4):438-442.Zheng Da,Ju Nengpan.Study on Anisotropy Properties of Fresh Phyllite Rock Strength at a Hydropower Station Damsite[J].Jouranl of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2011,38(4):438-442.
[7]曾鹏,纪洪广,赵奎,等.绢云母化千枚岩各向异性特性及长期强度试验研究[J].中国矿业,2016,25(4):141-145.Zeng Peng,Ji Hongguang,Zhao Kui,et al.Experimental Study on Long-Term Strength and Anisotropic Characteristics of Sericite Phillite[J].China Mining Magazine,2016,25(4):141-145.
[8]孙萍,殷跃平,吴树仁,等.东河口滑坡岩石微观结构及力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增刊1):2872-2878.Sun Ping,Yin Yueping,Wu Shuren,et al.Experimental Study of Microstruture and Mechanical Properties of Rocks from Donghekou Landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Sup.1):2872-2878.
[9]蒲超,孟陆波,李天斌.三轴压缩条件下千枚岩破裂与能量特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2017,25(2):359-366.Pu Chao,Meng Lubo,Li Tianbin.Rupture and Energy Properties of Phyllite Under Triaxial Compression Condition[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2017,25(2):359-366.
[10]郑达,巨能攀.千枚岩岩石微观破裂机理与断裂特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(3):317-322.Zheng Da,Ju Nengpan.Scanning Electronic Microscope Tests for Rock Micro-Rupture Mechanism and Fracture Characteristic of Phyllite[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(3):317-322.
[11]王丰,孟陆波,李天斌.千枚岩常规三轴压缩各向异性特征试验研究[J].公路,2014,59(10):216-222.Wang Feng,Meng Lubo,Li Tianbin.Study of Phyllite Rock Anisotropy Properties by Conventional Triaxial Compressiontests[J].Highway,2014,59(10):216-222.
[12]吴永胜,谭忠盛,喻渝,等.川西北茂县群千枚岩各向异性力学特性[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):207-215.Wu Yongsheng,Tan Zhongsheng,Yu Yu,et al.Anisotropically Mechanical Characteristics of Maoxian Group Phyllite in Northwest of Sichuan Province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):207-215.
[13]吴永胜,谭忠盛,李少孟.挤压性大变形隧道围岩基本特性的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(增刊1):398-402.Wu Yongsheng,Tan Zhongsheng,Li Shaomeng.Experimental Study on the Basic Characteristics of Tunnel in Squeezing Surrounding Rock with Large Deformation[J]China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(Sup.1):398-402.
[14]赵建军,解明礼,李涛,等.饱水条件下千枚岩软化效应试验分析[J].工程地质学报,2017,25(6):1449-1454.Zhao Jianjun,Xie Mingli,Li Tao,et al.Softening of Effect of Phyllite with Water Saturation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2017,25(6):1449-1454.
[15]刘云鹏.板裂原岩抗压试验及显微特征分析[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(12):60-66,81.Liu Yunpeng.Compression Test and Microscopic Characteristics Analysis of Slab-Rupture Original Rock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2015,32(12):60-66,81.
[16]谢和平,陈至达.岩石断裂的微观机理分析[J].煤炭学报,1989,9(2):57-67.Xie Heping,Chen Zhida.Analysis of Rock Fracture Micro-Mechanism[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,9(2):57-67.
[17]刘云鹏,邓辉,黄润秋.板裂结构岩石力学试验及破裂断口细观形貌特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3852-3861.Liu Yunpeng,Deng Hui,Huang Runqiu.Mechanical Test of Slab-Rent Structure Rock and Mesoscopic Morphology Analysis of Rupture Surface[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup.2):3852-3861.
[18]Singh J,Ramamurthy T.Strength Anisotropies Inrocks[J].Indian Geotechnical Journal,1989,19(2):147-166.