血小板凋亡的研究现状及其实验室诊断
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摘要
血小板的主要功能是参与机体的止血与凝血。血小板凋亡是血小板在体内清除的重要途径,与机体的多种生理及病理过程密切相关,如何提高血小板的生存时间已成为当前研究热点。随着人们对血小板凋亡途径、调控及其与免疫性血小板减少症等方面认识的加深,通过凋亡过程清除"不需要"的血小板,或通过抑制血小板凋亡提升血小板数量,以维持机体血小板内环境稳态,在止血与血栓形成中达到动态平衡,有望成为血小板相关疾病治疗的新策略,也为血小板贮存以及血小板输血治疗等提供新的理论基础。本文就血小板凋亡的诱导因素、凋亡途径、调控及其实验室诊断等最新进展予以阐述。
The main function of platelet is to participate in hemostasis and thrombosis. Apoptosis of platelet is an important pathway to clear platelet in vivo. It is closely related to various physiological and pathological processes of the body. How to improve the survival time of platelet has become the current research focus. With more and more research on the platelet apoptosis, deepening understanding about apoptosis pathways, regulation and immune thrombocytopenia, "unwanted" platelets can be cleared by the process of apoptosis, or platelet count can be increased by inhibiting platelet apoptosis to maintain the homeostasis of platelet and achieve dynamic balance in hemostasis and thrombosis. It is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of platelet related diseases, and also provide a new theoretical basis for platelet storage and platelet transfusion. Here is to make a brief review about the induction factors, apoptotic pathways, regulation and laboratory diagnosis of platelet apoptosis.
The main function of platelet is to participate in hemostasis and thrombosis. Apoptosis of platelet is an important pathway to clear platelet in vivo. It is closely related to various physiological and pathological processes of the body. How to improve the survival time of platelet has become the current research focus. With more and more research on the platelet apoptosis, deepening understanding about apoptosis pathways, regulation and immune thrombocytopenia, "unwanted" platelets can be cleared by the process of apoptosis, or platelet count can be increased by inhibiting platelet apoptosis to maintain the homeostasis of platelet and achieve dynamic balance in hemostasis and thrombosis. It is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of platelet related diseases, and also provide a new theoretical basis for platelet storage and platelet transfusion. Here is to make a brief review about the induction factors, apoptotic pathways, regulation and laboratory diagnosis of platelet apoptosis.
引文
[1] Kerr JF,Wyllie AH,Currie AR.Apoptosis:a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics.Br J Cancer,1972,26(4):239-257.
[2] Vanags DM,Orrenius S,Aguilar-Santelises M,et al.Alterations in Bcl-2/Bax protein levels in platelets form part of an ionomycin-induced process that resembles apoptosis.Br J Haematol,1997,99(4):824-831.
[3] Audia S,Mahévas M,Samson M,et al.Pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia.Autoimmun Rev,2017,16(6):620-632.
[4] de Silva E,Kim H.Drug-induced thrombocytopenia:focus on platelet apoptosis.Chem Biol Interact,2018,284(1):1-11.
[5] Li M,Wang Z,Ma T,et al.Enhanced platelet apoptosis in chronic uremic patients.Ren Fail,2014,36(6):847-853.
[6] Leytin V,Allen DJ,Mykhaylov S,et al.Thrombin-triggered platelet apoptosis.J Thromb Haemost,2006,4(12):2656-2663.
[7] Lin KH,Chang HC,Lu WJ,et al.Comparison of the relative activities of inducing platelet apoptosis stimulated by various platelet-activating agents.Platelets,2009,20(8):575-581.
[8] Gyulkhandanyan AV,Mutlu A,Freedman J,et al.Selective triggering of platelet apoptosis,platelet activation or both.Br J Haematolog,2013,161(2):245-254.
[9] Quach ME,Chen WC,Li RH.Mechanisms of platelet clearance and translation to improve platelet storage.Blood,2018,131(14):1512-1521.
[10] Goette NP,Glembostsky AC,Lev PR,et al.Platelet apoptosis in adult immune thrombocytopenia:insights into the mechanism of damage triggered by auto-antibodies.PLoS One,2016,11(8):1e0160563.
[11] Deng G,Yu S,Li Q,et al.Investigation of platelet apoptosis in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia.Hematology,2017,22(3):155-161.
[12] Li S,Wang Z,Liao Y,et al.The glycoprotein Ⅰbα-von Willebrand factor interaction induces platelet apoptosis.J Thromb Haemost,2010,8(2):341-350.
[13] Lebois M,Josefsson EC.Regulation of platelet lifespan by apoptosis.Platelet,2016,27(6):497-504.
[14] Elustondo PA,Nichols M,Negoda A,et al.Mitochondrial permeability transition pore induction is linked to formation of the complex of ATPase C-subunit,polyhydroxybutyrate and inorganic polyphosphate.Cell Death Discov,2016,12(2):1-9
[15] Leytin V,Gyulkhandanyan AV,Freedman J.Role of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and depolarization in platelet apoptosis.Br J Heamatol,2018,181(2):281-285.
[16] Gyulkhandanyan AV,Allen DJ,Mykhaylov S,et al.Mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization as a marker of platelet apoptosis:disclosure of nonapoptotic membrane depolarization.Clin Appl Thromb Hemost,2017,23(2):139-147.
[17] Thushara RM,Hemshekhar M,Santhosh MS,et al.Differential action of phytochemicals on platelet apoptosis:a biological overview.Curr Med Chem,2013,20(8):1018-1027.
[18] Chen J,Wang YX,Dong MQ,et al.Reoxygenation reverses hypoxic pulmonary arterial remodeling by inducing smooth muscle cell apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.J Am Heart Assoc,2017,6(6):e0056021-19.
[19] Redza-Dutordoir M,Averill-Bates DA.Activation of apoptosis signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species.Biochim Biophys Acta,2016,1863(12):2977-2992.
[20] Handtke S,Steil L,Greinacher A,et al.Toward the relevance of platelet subpopulations for transfusion medicine.Front Med(Lausanne),2018,5:17,2018-02-17[2018-08-27]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5807390/.
[21] Zhao L,Liu J,He C,et al.Protein kinase A determines platelet life span and survival by regulating apoptosis.J Chin Invest,2017,127(12):4338-4351.
[22] 张绪超,陆瞬,张力,等.中国间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)阳性非小细胞肺癌诊疗指南.中华病理学杂志,2015,44(10):696-703.
[23] Cao H,Umbach AT,Bissinger R,et al.Inhibition of collagen related peptide induced platelet activation and apoptosis by ceritinib.Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,45(4):1707-1716.
[24] Yu S,Huang H,Deng G,et al.miR-326 Targets anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL and mediates apoptosis in human platelets.PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0122784.
[25] Nguyen KA,Hamzeh-Cognasse H,Palle S,et al.Role of Siglec-7 in apoptosis in human platelet.PLoS One,2014,9(9):e106239.
[26] Winkler J,Kroiss S,Rand M L,et al.Platelet apoptosis in paediatric immune thrombocytopenia is ameliorated by intravenous immunoglobulin.Br J Haematol ,2012,156(4):508-515.
[27] Ma L,Simpson E,Li J,et al.CD8+ T cells are predominantly protective and required for effective steroid therapy in murine models of immune thrombocytopenia.Blood,2015,126(2):247-256.
[28] Dedkova EN,Blatter LA.Measuring mitochondrial function in intact cardiac myocytes.J Mol Cell Cardiol,2012,52(1):48-61.
[29] 夏乐敏,郑秦,张爱萍,等.线粒体途径在免疫性骨髓衰竭性血小板凋亡中的作用机制研究.中国实验血液学杂志,2017,25(1):176-180.
[30] 赵英伦,马元,莫森,等.腰椎间盘突出症患者血清中Caspases-3和Caspases-9活性研究.现代检验医学杂志,2018,33(2):13-15.
[31] Sioniecka M,Backman LJ,Danieison P.Antiapoptotic effect of acethlcholine in Fas-induced apoptosis in human keratocytes.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2016,57(14):5892-5902.
[32] Zhang XX,Yu SF,Deng G,et al.Effects of nitric oxide donor S-nitrosoglutathione on apoptosis of apheresis platelets.Hematology,2018,23(8):574-580.
[33] 陈倩,张志亮,屈璐,等.深低温保存单采血小板凋亡相关miRNA的差异表达.中国输血杂志,2017,30(11):1235-1238.
[2] Vanags DM,Orrenius S,Aguilar-Santelises M,et al.Alterations in Bcl-2/Bax protein levels in platelets form part of an ionomycin-induced process that resembles apoptosis.Br J Haematol,1997,99(4):824-831.
[3] Audia S,Mahévas M,Samson M,et al.Pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia.Autoimmun Rev,2017,16(6):620-632.
[4] de Silva E,Kim H.Drug-induced thrombocytopenia:focus on platelet apoptosis.Chem Biol Interact,2018,284(1):1-11.
[5] Li M,Wang Z,Ma T,et al.Enhanced platelet apoptosis in chronic uremic patients.Ren Fail,2014,36(6):847-853.
[6] Leytin V,Allen DJ,Mykhaylov S,et al.Thrombin-triggered platelet apoptosis.J Thromb Haemost,2006,4(12):2656-2663.
[7] Lin KH,Chang HC,Lu WJ,et al.Comparison of the relative activities of inducing platelet apoptosis stimulated by various platelet-activating agents.Platelets,2009,20(8):575-581.
[8] Gyulkhandanyan AV,Mutlu A,Freedman J,et al.Selective triggering of platelet apoptosis,platelet activation or both.Br J Haematolog,2013,161(2):245-254.
[9] Quach ME,Chen WC,Li RH.Mechanisms of platelet clearance and translation to improve platelet storage.Blood,2018,131(14):1512-1521.
[10] Goette NP,Glembostsky AC,Lev PR,et al.Platelet apoptosis in adult immune thrombocytopenia:insights into the mechanism of damage triggered by auto-antibodies.PLoS One,2016,11(8):1e0160563.
[11] Deng G,Yu S,Li Q,et al.Investigation of platelet apoptosis in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia.Hematology,2017,22(3):155-161.
[12] Li S,Wang Z,Liao Y,et al.The glycoprotein Ⅰbα-von Willebrand factor interaction induces platelet apoptosis.J Thromb Haemost,2010,8(2):341-350.
[13] Lebois M,Josefsson EC.Regulation of platelet lifespan by apoptosis.Platelet,2016,27(6):497-504.
[14] Elustondo PA,Nichols M,Negoda A,et al.Mitochondrial permeability transition pore induction is linked to formation of the complex of ATPase C-subunit,polyhydroxybutyrate and inorganic polyphosphate.Cell Death Discov,2016,12(2):1-9
[15] Leytin V,Gyulkhandanyan AV,Freedman J.Role of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and depolarization in platelet apoptosis.Br J Heamatol,2018,181(2):281-285.
[16] Gyulkhandanyan AV,Allen DJ,Mykhaylov S,et al.Mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization as a marker of platelet apoptosis:disclosure of nonapoptotic membrane depolarization.Clin Appl Thromb Hemost,2017,23(2):139-147.
[17] Thushara RM,Hemshekhar M,Santhosh MS,et al.Differential action of phytochemicals on platelet apoptosis:a biological overview.Curr Med Chem,2013,20(8):1018-1027.
[18] Chen J,Wang YX,Dong MQ,et al.Reoxygenation reverses hypoxic pulmonary arterial remodeling by inducing smooth muscle cell apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.J Am Heart Assoc,2017,6(6):e0056021-19.
[19] Redza-Dutordoir M,Averill-Bates DA.Activation of apoptosis signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species.Biochim Biophys Acta,2016,1863(12):2977-2992.
[20] Handtke S,Steil L,Greinacher A,et al.Toward the relevance of platelet subpopulations for transfusion medicine.Front Med(Lausanne),2018,5:17,2018-02-17[2018-08-27]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5807390/.
[21] Zhao L,Liu J,He C,et al.Protein kinase A determines platelet life span and survival by regulating apoptosis.J Chin Invest,2017,127(12):4338-4351.
[22] 张绪超,陆瞬,张力,等.中国间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)阳性非小细胞肺癌诊疗指南.中华病理学杂志,2015,44(10):696-703.
[23] Cao H,Umbach AT,Bissinger R,et al.Inhibition of collagen related peptide induced platelet activation and apoptosis by ceritinib.Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,45(4):1707-1716.
[24] Yu S,Huang H,Deng G,et al.miR-326 Targets anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL and mediates apoptosis in human platelets.PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0122784.
[25] Nguyen KA,Hamzeh-Cognasse H,Palle S,et al.Role of Siglec-7 in apoptosis in human platelet.PLoS One,2014,9(9):e106239.
[26] Winkler J,Kroiss S,Rand M L,et al.Platelet apoptosis in paediatric immune thrombocytopenia is ameliorated by intravenous immunoglobulin.Br J Haematol ,2012,156(4):508-515.
[27] Ma L,Simpson E,Li J,et al.CD8+ T cells are predominantly protective and required for effective steroid therapy in murine models of immune thrombocytopenia.Blood,2015,126(2):247-256.
[28] Dedkova EN,Blatter LA.Measuring mitochondrial function in intact cardiac myocytes.J Mol Cell Cardiol,2012,52(1):48-61.
[29] 夏乐敏,郑秦,张爱萍,等.线粒体途径在免疫性骨髓衰竭性血小板凋亡中的作用机制研究.中国实验血液学杂志,2017,25(1):176-180.
[30] 赵英伦,马元,莫森,等.腰椎间盘突出症患者血清中Caspases-3和Caspases-9活性研究.现代检验医学杂志,2018,33(2):13-15.
[31] Sioniecka M,Backman LJ,Danieison P.Antiapoptotic effect of acethlcholine in Fas-induced apoptosis in human keratocytes.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2016,57(14):5892-5902.
[32] Zhang XX,Yu SF,Deng G,et al.Effects of nitric oxide donor S-nitrosoglutathione on apoptosis of apheresis platelets.Hematology,2018,23(8):574-580.
[33] 陈倩,张志亮,屈璐,等.深低温保存单采血小板凋亡相关miRNA的差异表达.中国输血杂志,2017,30(11):1235-1238.