莆田市城市空间扩展及其对植被覆盖变化的影响
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摘要
分析城市空间扩展和植被覆盖指数变化及其质量之间的关系,可以为保护城市生态环境及在大空间尺度上为城市植被景观提升提供指导。以遥感成像技术为基础,通过提取目标区域卫星影像对应的建筑物和植被特征光谱,通过对多年特定光谱进行建模运算,即可得出城市空间拓展与植被覆盖指数之间的关系;以莆田市为例,利用Landsat卫星影像提取建筑指数NDBI和植被指数NDVI对该市2000、2010和2016年的城市空间扩展及其对植被覆盖变化的影响进行定量研究。结果表明:在16年间,莆田市城市建筑用地面积占比由22.70%增至28.84%,其中前期2000—2010年建筑用地面积占比增加了2.04%,而后期2010—2016年增加4.10%;植被覆盖指数变差的面积占37.26%,而植被覆盖指数变好的面积占28.87%,大部分退化的植被位于西北部山区和东南部平原;建筑指数和植被覆盖指数呈线性负相关关系,建筑指数每提升10%,植被覆盖指数降低0.77～0.86。总体看来,莆田市的城市空间扩展对植被景观影响较大,且呈现后期大于前期的趋势。
The analysis of the relationship between urban spatial expansion and vegetation cover index change(and vegetation cover quality) can provide a guidance for protecting urban ecological environment and improving urban vegetation landscape on a large spatial scale. Based on remote sensing imaging technology, By extracting the characteristic spectra of buildings and vegetation corresponding to satellite images in the target area, and by modeling and calculating the speci?c spectra for many years, the relationship between urban spatial expansion and vegetation cover index can be obtained. Taking Putian City as an example, and using the Landsat satellite imagery to extract the building index NDBI and the vegetation index NDVI, the effects of urban spatial expansion on vegetation cover change in2000, 2010 and 2016 were quantitatively studied. The results show that(1) In the past 16 years, the proportion of urban construction land occurred the total area of in Putian city has increased from 22.70% to 28.84%; in the early period(from 2000 to 2010), the proportion of urban construction land increased by 2.04%; while in the later period(in 2010-2016), it increased by 4.10%.(2) The area with poor vegetation coverage index accounted for 37.26%, while the area with good vegetation coverage index accounted for 28.87% of the study area, and most of the degraded vegetation was located in the northwestern mountainous and southeastern plains.(3) There was a linear negative correlation between the building index and the vegetation coverage index, and for every 10% increase in the building index, the vegetation coverage index was reduced by 0.77-0.86.(4) In general, the expansion of urban space in Putian City had a greater impact on the vegetation landscape, and it showed a trend that the effect in the later stage was larger than in the earlier stage.
The analysis of the relationship between urban spatial expansion and vegetation cover index change(and vegetation cover quality) can provide a guidance for protecting urban ecological environment and improving urban vegetation landscape on a large spatial scale. Based on remote sensing imaging technology, By extracting the characteristic spectra of buildings and vegetation corresponding to satellite images in the target area, and by modeling and calculating the speci?c spectra for many years, the relationship between urban spatial expansion and vegetation cover index can be obtained. Taking Putian City as an example, and using the Landsat satellite imagery to extract the building index NDBI and the vegetation index NDVI, the effects of urban spatial expansion on vegetation cover change in2000, 2010 and 2016 were quantitatively studied. The results show that(1) In the past 16 years, the proportion of urban construction land occurred the total area of in Putian city has increased from 22.70% to 28.84%; in the early period(from 2000 to 2010), the proportion of urban construction land increased by 2.04%; while in the later period(in 2010-2016), it increased by 4.10%.(2) The area with poor vegetation coverage index accounted for 37.26%, while the area with good vegetation coverage index accounted for 28.87% of the study area, and most of the degraded vegetation was located in the northwestern mountainous and southeastern plains.(3) There was a linear negative correlation between the building index and the vegetation coverage index, and for every 10% increase in the building index, the vegetation coverage index was reduced by 0.77-0.86.(4) In general, the expansion of urban space in Putian City had a greater impact on the vegetation landscape, and it showed a trend that the effect in the later stage was larger than in the earlier stage.
引文
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[2]李广宇,陈爽,余成,等.长三角地区植被退化的空间格局及影响因素分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(4):572-577.
[3]陈亮,陈世俭,蔡晓斌,等,湖北省植被覆盖度变化及其对地形因子的响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(4):79-85.
[4]黎良财,陆灯盛,张晓丽,等,基于时序遥感的喀斯特山区植被覆盖研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):11-17.
[5]王涛,李贝贝,裴春营.植被NDVI对城市扩展及气候变化的响应--以西安及其附近区域为例[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(2):388-396.
[6]徐涵秋,张好.海岛型城市扩展的生态效应分析--以厦门岛为例[J].地理科学,2015,35(7):867-872.
[7]牟凤云,张增祥,迟耀斌,等.基于多源遥感数据的北京市1973-2005年间城市建成区的动态监测与驱动力分析[J].遥感学报,2007,11(2):257-268.
[8]李乐,徐涵秋.杭州市城市空间扩展及其热环境变化[J].遥感技术与应用,2014,29(2):264-272.
[9]CHANDER G,MARKHAM B.Revised Landsat-5 TMradiometric calibration procedures and postcalibration dynamic ranges[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2003,41(11):2674-2677.
[10]CHANDER G,MARKHAM B L,HELDER D L.Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS,TM,ETM+,and EO-1 ALI sensors[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(5):893-903.
[11]CHAVEZ P S J.Image-based atmospheric corrections:revisited and improved[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,1996,62(9):1025-1036.
[12]李建,杨昆.基于NDBI提取城镇用地的最佳时相遥感影像研究--以郑州市为例[J].数字技术与应用,2013(1):79-80.
[13]查勇,倪绍祥,杨山.一种利用TM图像自动提取城镇用地信息的有效方法[J].遥感学报,2003,7(1):37-40.