珠江流域五大高原湖泊近10年水质状况及变化趋势分析
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摘要
基于珠江流域五大高原湖泊2007—2016年水质监测数据,分别对其水质进行了单因子评价、污染特征的层次聚类分析、水质变化趋势的spearman秩相关系数分析,结果表明:(1)采用单因子指数法评价,五大高原湖泊的水质类别均不符合其水质目标的要求;(2)根据聚类分析,第一类为以面源为主的抚仙湖、星云湖及杞麓湖,第二类为城镇生活污水及工业废水点源污染突出的异龙湖,第三类为以砷污染为明显特征的阳宗海;(3)根据spearman秩相关分析,除抚仙湖外,其它湖泊水质均呈现变差趋势,高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量呈普遍变差趋势。
On the basis of the monitoring data from 2007 to 2016 of the five plateau lakes,the single factor assessment method in water quality evaluation,thehierarchicalcluster analysis,and the Daniel's trends test were applied to explore water pollution characteristics and waterchanging tendency. The historical and existing water quality classification couldn't fit the target of water quality requirements. According to the clustering analysis,the first category included the main sources of Fuxian Lake、Xingyun Lake,and Qilu Lake. The second was Yilong Lake,which represented the urban sewage and industrial wastewater pollution. The third was Yangzonghailake polluted by arsenic.According to the Spearman rank correlation method,the water quality of the lakes showed variation trend except Fuxian Lake,especially,COD_(Mn) and BOD5 were generally deteriorating.
On the basis of the monitoring data from 2007 to 2016 of the five plateau lakes,the single factor assessment method in water quality evaluation,thehierarchicalcluster analysis,and the Daniel's trends test were applied to explore water pollution characteristics and waterchanging tendency. The historical and existing water quality classification couldn't fit the target of water quality requirements. According to the clustering analysis,the first category included the main sources of Fuxian Lake、Xingyun Lake,and Qilu Lake. The second was Yilong Lake,which represented the urban sewage and industrial wastewater pollution. The third was Yangzonghailake polluted by arsenic.According to the Spearman rank correlation method,the water quality of the lakes showed variation trend except Fuxian Lake,especially,COD_(Mn) and BOD5 were generally deteriorating.
引文
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[2]刘晓丹.珠江流域片第一次全国水利普查河湖开发治理保护情况汇总成果报告[R].2013:170-174.
[3]于洋,张民,钱善勤,等.云贵高原湖泊水质现状及演变[J].湖泊科学,2010,22(6):820-828.
[4]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:251-282.
[5]夏天翔,潘继征,刘雪华,等.抚仙湖水体N、P变化及其非点源污染特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1340-1345.
[6]王建云,王云华.星云湖、杞麓湖污染特征与产业结构关联的思考[J].环境科学导刊,2010,29(6):35-38.
[7]李沈力.异龙湖流域生态环境的综合治理[J].林业调查规划,2009,34(2):108-111.
[8]陈云进.阳宗海水污染预防控制研究[J].环境科学导刊,2008,27(3):28-31.
[9]吴江,赵翔.梁辉水库水质变化趋势分析及对策研究[J].中国资源综合利用,2010,28(8):48-51.
[10]闻平.珠江三角洲入海水道水质变化趋势分析[J].人民珠江,2009(3):12-14.
[11]中国环境监测总站编写组.环境质量综合分析技术导则[S].2011:92-93.