CPT原子钟垂直腔面发射激光器驱动电路设计
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摘要
设计了一种输出电流范围在0～2 mA,用于驱动垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的恒流源电路。电路设计采用负反馈原理,可输出一个稳定的电压,该电压经过电压电流转化为恒定电流。为使输出电流更加稳定,在电路中加入现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片EP4CE10F17C8组成控制电路。芯片通过采集负反馈的输出与预定值比较,得到误差量反馈到负反馈模块,调整负反馈电路的输入电压,从而使电路输出实现长期稳定。最后对电路输出性能进行测试,测试结果表明电流的纹波系数为0.01,电流稳定度为±0.02 mA。在驱动电流为1.2 mA、激光器工作温度为60℃时,用波长计测试激光器输出波长为795 nm,同时测得的吸收谱线也表明激光器输出波长在795 nm附近。因此,该恒流源电路可用于驱动VCSEL输出稳定波长。
A constant current source circuit with an output current range of 0-2 mA for driving a vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL) was designed. The circuit was designed based on the negative feedback principle to output a stable voltage that was converted to a constant current by the voltage and current. In order to make the output current more stable, a field programmable gate array(FPGA) chip EP4 CE10 F17 C8 was added to the circuit to form a control circuit. The output of the negative feedback was compared with a predetermined value by the chip, and the error amount fed back to the negative feedback module was obtained to adjust the input voltage of the negative feedback circuit, thereby making the circuit output stable for a long time. Finally, the circuit output performance was tested. The test results show that the current ripple coefficient is 0.01 and the current stability is ±0.02 mA. At a driving current of 1.2 mA and a laser operating temperature of 60 ℃, the output wavelength of the laser is measured by a wavelength meter to be 795 nm, and the measured absorption line also indicates that the laser output wavelength is around 795 nm. Therefore, the constant current source circuit can be used to drive the VCSEL to output a stable wavelength.
A constant current source circuit with an output current range of 0-2 mA for driving a vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL) was designed. The circuit was designed based on the negative feedback principle to output a stable voltage that was converted to a constant current by the voltage and current. In order to make the output current more stable, a field programmable gate array(FPGA) chip EP4 CE10 F17 C8 was added to the circuit to form a control circuit. The output of the negative feedback was compared with a predetermined value by the chip, and the error amount fed back to the negative feedback module was obtained to adjust the input voltage of the negative feedback circuit, thereby making the circuit output stable for a long time. Finally, the circuit output performance was tested. The test results show that the current ripple coefficient is 0.01 and the current stability is ±0.02 mA. At a driving current of 1.2 mA and a laser operating temperature of 60 ℃, the output wavelength of the laser is measured by a wavelength meter to be 795 nm, and the measured absorption line also indicates that the laser output wavelength is around 795 nm. Therefore, the constant current source circuit can be used to drive the VCSEL to output a stable wavelength.
引文
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[2] 蒋国庆,徐晨,解意洋,等.质子注入型光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器制备[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(12):1205001-1-1205001-5.JIANG G Q,XU C,XIE Y Y,et al.Fabrication of proton-implanted photonic crystal vertical cavity surface emitting laser [J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(12):1205001-1-1205001-5 (in Chinese).
[3] 袁浚,张正平,解意洋.新型正方晶格基横模光子晶体面发射激光器[J].红外与激光工程,2018,47(6):0606005-1-0606005-6.YUAN J,ZHANG Z P,XIE Y Y.Study of single-fundamental-mode square-lattice photonic crystal vertical cavity surface emitting laser[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2018,47(6):0606005-1-0606005-6 (in Chinese).
[4] ERMAK S V,SEMENOV V V,PIATYSHEV E N,et al.Microfabricated cells for chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping:fabrication and investigation [J].St Petersburg Polytechnical University Journal,2015,1(1):37-41.
[5] 张建,宁永强,张建伟,等.微型铷原子钟专用795 nm垂直腔表面发射激光器[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(1):50-57.ZHANG J,NING Y Q,ZHANG J W,et al.795 nm VCSELs for 87Rb based miniaturized atomic clock [J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2014,22(1):50-57 (in Chinese).
[6] 应之璇,曹建安.应用于电流激励传感器的高稳定恒流源设计[J].电测与仪表,2019,56(1):136-140.YING Z X,CAO J A.Design of high stable constant current source applied to current excitation sensor [J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2019,56(1):136-140 (in Chinese).
[7] BERTEMES-FILHO P,BROWN B H,WILSON A J.A comparison of modified Howland circuits as current generators with current mirror type circuits [J].Physiological Measurement,2000,21(1):1-6.
[8] SIELEWIESIUK J,LOPACIUK A.Positive and negative feedback loops coupled by common transcription activator and repressor [Z].Annales of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University,2015,69(1):93-114.
[9] 范凯鑫,徐光辉,徐勇,等.一种基于共模负反馈的高性能运算放大器的设计[J].通信技术,2016,49(2):243-246.FAN K X,XU G H,XU Y,et al.A high-performance operational amplifier based on CMFB circuit [J].Communications Technology,2016,49(2):243-246 (in Chinese).
[10] 丛红艳,于宗光,闫华,等.一种高效高速的大容量FPGA电路功能验证方法[J].半导体技术,2017,42(1):69-73.CONG H Y,YU Z G,YAN H,et al.An efficient and high-speed functional verification method of the large-capacity FPGA circuit [J].Semiconductor Technology,2017,42(1):69-73 (in Chinese).
[11] 许石义,王潮儿,黄剑华,等.基于负反馈和有源偏置的宽带低噪放设计[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2018,52(6):1081-1087.XU S Y,WANG C E,HUANG J H,et al.Design of broadband LNA with active biasing using negative feedback technique [J].Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science),2018,52(6):1081-1087 (in Chinese).
[12] 苏少侃,彭勃,王立伟,等.一种新型双环控制并联均流稳压电路[J].空间控制技术与应用,2018,44(4):72-78.SU S K,PENG B,WANG L W,et al.A novel parallel-output regulation circuit with two control loops [J].Aerospace Control and Application,2018,44(4):72-78 (in Chinese).
[13] 李树凡,王丽芳,郭彦杰,等.基于整流性负载补偿的无线充电系统T型阻抗匹配网络设计方法的优化[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(24):9-16.LI S F,WANG L F,GUO Y J,et al.Optimization of design method of T-type impedance matching network for wireless charging system based on rectified load compensation [J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(24):9-16 (in Chinese).