江苏省多基因聚合对水稻稻瘟病抗性的效应分析及Pb1基因功能标记开发
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摘要
【目的】研究多基因聚合对水稻稻瘟病抗性的效应,并开发Pb1基因功能标记,为江苏省培育持久抗稻瘟病品种及提高其育种效率提供理论依据。【方法】开发Pb1基因的功能标记,并结合Pita、Pib、Pi54、Pikm和Pizt功能标记检测2015─2017年参加江苏省预试的703份常规粳稻材料的抗病基因,分析其聚合方式与稻瘟病抗性的相关性。【结果】在Pb1基因编码区上游926～1085 bp设计1个存在/缺失标记M1,其引物可扩增获得160 bp的片段。703份供试材料中,Pita、Pib和Pi54基因频率高于Pikm、Pb1和Pizt,虽然抗病频率(稻瘟病综合指数≤5.0的材料所占比例)在2015─2017年呈逐年快速升高趋势,但3年间达中抗及以上等级的材料所占比例均较低。不含抗病基因的材料11份,综合指数≤5.0的材料4份,抗病频率为36.36%;当所含抗病基因数≤3个时,随着含抗病基因数的增加,对应的材料数量、出现频率和综合指数≤5.0的材料数量均明显增加,当所含抗病基因数≥4个时,随着含抗病基因数的增加,对应的材料数量、出现频率和综合指数≤5.0的材料数量均明显降低。抗病基因数越多,抗病频率越高,当抗病基因数达6个时,抗病频率达100.00%,说明聚合的抗病基因数与抗病频率呈正相关。3个抗病基因聚合的最佳方式为:Pi54+Pib+Pb1或Pita+Pib+Pikm。4个抗病基因聚合的最佳方式为Pita+Pib+Pikm+Pizt或Pita+Pi54+Pib+Pb1。【结论】开发的Pb1基因功能标记可应用于水稻稻瘟病抗性育种,以提高选择效率。多基因聚合能提高水稻稻瘟病抗性,但抗性强弱取决于抗性基因间的互作效应,并不是简单的累加效应。
【Objective】Studying the effect of multiple genes polymerization on rice blast resistance could guide breeding rice blast resistant varieties and improve breeding efficiency in Jiangsu Province.【Method】Functional markers of Pb1 was developed,and resistance genes of 703 japonica rices for preliminary experiment in the year of 2015,2016 and2017 in Jiangsu were detected using functional markers of Pita,Pib,Pi54,Pikm and Pizt,then the correlation between polymerization mode and rice blast resistance was analyzed.【Result】A presence/deletion marker M1 was designed near1016 bp upstream of the coding region of Pb1. Its primer could amplify 160 bp fragment. Among the 703 materials,the gene frequency of Pita,Pib and Pi54 was higher than that of Pikm,Pb1 and Pizt. Although the frequency of rice blast resistance(the proportion of materials with composite index of blast ≤5.0)increased rapidly year by year from 2015 to 2017,the moderate resistance and above level ratios were low during the three years. Among the 703 materials tested,11 did not contain resistance genes,of which 4 materials had a composite index ≤5.0 and the resistance frequency of 36.36%. When the number of disease-resistant genes was ≤3,the number of materials,frequency of occurrence and the number of materials whose composite index was ≤5.0 increased greatly with the increase of the number of disease resistant genes. When the number of disease resistant genes was ≥4,the number of materials,the frequency of gene occurrence and the number of materials whose composite index was ≤5.0 decreased greatly with the increase of the number of disease resistant genes.The higher the number of resistance genes,the higher the resistance frequency. When the number of resistance genes reached 6,the resistance frequency reached 100.00%. This indicated that the number of multiple genes polymerization was positively correlated with the resistance frequency. The optimal polymerization mode for three genes was Pi54+Pib+Pb1 or Pita+Pib+Pikm. The optimal polymerization mode for four genes was Pita+Pib+Pikm+Pizt or Pita+Pi54+Pib+Pb1.【Conclusion】The developed functional markers of Pb1 can be used in rice blast resistance breeding to improve selection efficiency. Polygenic polymerization can improve the resistance level of rice blast,but the resistance depends on the interaction between resistant genes,not simply the cumulative effect.
【Objective】Studying the effect of multiple genes polymerization on rice blast resistance could guide breeding rice blast resistant varieties and improve breeding efficiency in Jiangsu Province.【Method】Functional markers of Pb1 was developed,and resistance genes of 703 japonica rices for preliminary experiment in the year of 2015,2016 and2017 in Jiangsu were detected using functional markers of Pita,Pib,Pi54,Pikm and Pizt,then the correlation between polymerization mode and rice blast resistance was analyzed.【Result】A presence/deletion marker M1 was designed near1016 bp upstream of the coding region of Pb1. Its primer could amplify 160 bp fragment. Among the 703 materials,the gene frequency of Pita,Pib and Pi54 was higher than that of Pikm,Pb1 and Pizt. Although the frequency of rice blast resistance(the proportion of materials with composite index of blast ≤5.0)increased rapidly year by year from 2015 to 2017,the moderate resistance and above level ratios were low during the three years. Among the 703 materials tested,11 did not contain resistance genes,of which 4 materials had a composite index ≤5.0 and the resistance frequency of 36.36%. When the number of disease-resistant genes was ≤3,the number of materials,frequency of occurrence and the number of materials whose composite index was ≤5.0 increased greatly with the increase of the number of disease resistant genes. When the number of disease resistant genes was ≥4,the number of materials,the frequency of gene occurrence and the number of materials whose composite index was ≤5.0 decreased greatly with the increase of the number of disease resistant genes.The higher the number of resistance genes,the higher the resistance frequency. When the number of resistance genes reached 6,the resistance frequency reached 100.00%. This indicated that the number of multiple genes polymerization was positively correlated with the resistance frequency. The optimal polymerization mode for three genes was Pi54+Pib+Pb1 or Pita+Pib+Pikm. The optimal polymerization mode for four genes was Pita+Pib+Pikm+Pizt or Pita+Pi54+Pib+Pb1.【Conclusion】The developed functional markers of Pb1 can be used in rice blast resistance breeding to improve selection efficiency. Polygenic polymerization can improve the resistance level of rice blast,but the resistance depends on the interaction between resistant genes,not simply the cumulative effect.
引文
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