华北落叶松天然林目标树间伐释压与胸径生长关系研究
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摘要
为探究华北落叶松所受竞争压力与胸径生长之间的关系,利用目标树中心样圆法对关帝山林区华北落叶松天然林间伐迹地进行调查研究。结果表明:受到不同竞争压力的目标树在1998年间伐后胸径生长量差异显著,且随着竞争强度的升高而减少;华北落叶松胸径连年生长量的变化由间伐释压前的下降趋势逐渐转变为缓释压力后的上升趋势;其中,间伐后受不同竞争压力的目标树胸径增长速率仍趋异化,弱度竞争目标树上升速率大于中度竞争目标树,而强度竞争目标树年平均胸径生长量上升最缓且趋势较不明显;竞争压力指数与伐后15 a胸径生长量呈幂函数关系,拐点出现在竞争压力指数为1处并在大于2后趋于平缓;以目标树为核心构建的经营体系能更加具有针对性,通过适度干扰及抚育间伐手段改良一定条件下的林木生长模式,进而精准提升森林质量。
To explore the relationship between the inter-tree competition pressure and DBH growth of Larix principis-rupprechtii, the goal tree central round quadrat method was adopted to make investigations and researches on the thinning area of Larix principis-rupprechtiinatural forest in Guandi mountain forest district. The results show that there was obvious difference in the increment of DBH of those goal trees given different competition pressures in 1998, and the value reduced as the competitive strength increased. The radial increment of Larix principis-rupprechtii shows a decreasing trend 10 years before the pressure was released, and it gradually turned to an increasing trend after the pressure was released, among which, the climbing speed of goal trees with weak competition of tending and thinning was higher than that of goal trees with moderate competitions, while the average DBH increment of goal trees of strength competitions had the slowest increase, and the trend was not obvious. The competition pressure index was of power function relationship with the DBH increment of 15 years after cutting, the inflection point occurred where the competition pressure index was 1 and was tend to be flat after the value was over 2. The establishment of management system with target tree as the core can improve the growth model of forest under certain conditions by means of moderate interference and tending and thinning, so as to improve the forest quality accurately.
To explore the relationship between the inter-tree competition pressure and DBH growth of Larix principis-rupprechtii, the goal tree central round quadrat method was adopted to make investigations and researches on the thinning area of Larix principis-rupprechtiinatural forest in Guandi mountain forest district. The results show that there was obvious difference in the increment of DBH of those goal trees given different competition pressures in 1998, and the value reduced as the competitive strength increased. The radial increment of Larix principis-rupprechtii shows a decreasing trend 10 years before the pressure was released, and it gradually turned to an increasing trend after the pressure was released, among which, the climbing speed of goal trees with weak competition of tending and thinning was higher than that of goal trees with moderate competitions, while the average DBH increment of goal trees of strength competitions had the slowest increase, and the trend was not obvious. The competition pressure index was of power function relationship with the DBH increment of 15 years after cutting, the inflection point occurred where the competition pressure index was 1 and was tend to be flat after the value was over 2. The establishment of management system with target tree as the core can improve the growth model of forest under certain conditions by means of moderate interference and tending and thinning, so as to improve the forest quality accurately.
引文
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[3]贾忠奎,公宁宁,姚凯,等.间伐强度对塞罕坝华北落叶松人工林生长进程和生物量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):5-7,31.
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[6]HEGYI F.A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands[C]//Fries J.Growth models for tree and stand simulation.Stockholm:Royal College of Forestry,1974:74-90.
[7]项小燕,吴甘霖,段仁燕,等.大别山五针松种内和种间竞争强度[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):389-395.
[8]吴承祯,洪伟,廖金兰.马尾松中幼龄林种内竞争的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):289-292.
[9]邹春静,王庆礼,韩士杰.长白山暗针叶林建群种竞争关系的研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001(2):101-105.
[10]张春雨,高露双,赵亚洲,等.东北红豆杉雌雄植株径向生长对邻体竞争和气候因子的响应[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1177-1183.
[11]孜来比·买木提名,杨华,赵广亮,等.单木竞争指标的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):152-158.
[12]马履一,王希群.生长空间竞争指数及其在油松、侧柏种内竞争中的应用研究[J].生态科学,2006,25(5):385-389.
[13]房晓娜,李际平,孙华,等.基于W_V_Hegyi竞争指数的杉木竞争生长模型研究--以湖南省福寿国有林场杉木生态公益林为例[J].林业资源管理,2015(2):59-64.
[14]刘宪钊,陆元昌,任云卯.油松人工林单木邻体竞争模型[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(11):3126-3130.
[15]刘微,李凤日.落叶松人工林与距离无关的单木生长模型[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(5):24-27.
[16]刘兆刚,李凤日,于金成.落叶松人工林单木模型的研究[J].植物研究,2003,23(2):237-244.
[17]赵蓉,张峰.山西华北落叶松群落数量分类与排序[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(5):646-652.
[18]杜纪山,唐守正.抚育间伐对林分生长的效应及其模型研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1996,18(1):79-83.
[19]明安刚,张治军,谌红辉,等.抚育间伐对马尾松人工林生物量与碳贮量的影响[J].林业科学,2013,49(10):1-6.
[20]MONTERO G,CA?ELLAS I,ORTEGA C,et al.Results from a thinning experiment in a Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)natural regeneration stand in the Sistema Ibérico Mountain Range(Spain)[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2001,145(S1-2):151-161.
[21]任达,张芸香,郭晋平,等.基于目标树中心样圆法的华北落叶松天然林抚育间伐生长效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(28):11-15.
[22]武朋辉,白高平,党坤良,等.抚育间伐对秦岭南坡油松中龄林生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(1):20-26.
[23]姚贻强,梁士楚,李桂荣,等.广西红树林优势种群生态学研究[J].生态环境,2008,17(3):1082-1085.
[24]邹春静,韩士杰,张军辉.阔叶红松林树种间竞争关系及其营林意义[J].生态学杂志,2001,20(4):35-38.
[25]方坚,王孝安,郭华,等.黄土高原马栏林区辽东栎林种内、种间竞争研究[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):334-339.
[26]孙志虎,王秀琴,陈祥伟.不同抚育间伐强度对落叶松人工林生态系统碳储量影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(12):1-13.
[27]张甜,朱玉杰,董希斌.抚育间伐和修枝对落叶松用材林生长和冠层的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(12):8-11,21.
[28]雷相东,陆元昌,张会儒,等.抚育间伐对落叶松云冷杉混交林的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):78-85.
[29]张二亮,宫宇,陈永军,等.华北落叶松生长规律初探[J].河北林果研究,2015,30(1):30-32.
[30]惠刚盈,胡艳波,赵中华.再论“结构化森林经营”[J].世界林业研究,2009,22(1):14-19.
[31]关百钧,施昆山.森林可持续发展研究综述[J].世界林业研究,1995(4):1-6.
[32]吕勇,钱升平,吕飞舟,等.青冈栎次生林林木综合竞争压力指数研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(10):1-6.
[2]陈天成,柳杰,张芸香,等.关帝山林区华北落叶松人工林不同强度间伐的生长效应研究[J].山西林业科技,2015,44(2):13-19.
[3]贾忠奎,公宁宁,姚凯,等.间伐强度对塞罕坝华北落叶松人工林生长进程和生物量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):5-7,31.
[4]刘志刚,马钦彦.华北落叶松人工林生物量估测方法的探讨[J].北京林业大学学报,1992(增刊5):105-113.
[5]YOKOZAWA M,KUBOTA Y,HARA T.Effects of competition mode on spatial pattern dynamics in plant communities[J].Ecological Modelling,1998,106(1):1-16.
[6]HEGYI F.A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands[C]//Fries J.Growth models for tree and stand simulation.Stockholm:Royal College of Forestry,1974:74-90.
[7]项小燕,吴甘霖,段仁燕,等.大别山五针松种内和种间竞争强度[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):389-395.
[8]吴承祯,洪伟,廖金兰.马尾松中幼龄林种内竞争的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):289-292.
[9]邹春静,王庆礼,韩士杰.长白山暗针叶林建群种竞争关系的研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001(2):101-105.
[10]张春雨,高露双,赵亚洲,等.东北红豆杉雌雄植株径向生长对邻体竞争和气候因子的响应[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1177-1183.
[11]孜来比·买木提名,杨华,赵广亮,等.单木竞争指标的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):152-158.
[12]马履一,王希群.生长空间竞争指数及其在油松、侧柏种内竞争中的应用研究[J].生态科学,2006,25(5):385-389.
[13]房晓娜,李际平,孙华,等.基于W_V_Hegyi竞争指数的杉木竞争生长模型研究--以湖南省福寿国有林场杉木生态公益林为例[J].林业资源管理,2015(2):59-64.
[14]刘宪钊,陆元昌,任云卯.油松人工林单木邻体竞争模型[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(11):3126-3130.
[15]刘微,李凤日.落叶松人工林与距离无关的单木生长模型[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(5):24-27.
[16]刘兆刚,李凤日,于金成.落叶松人工林单木模型的研究[J].植物研究,2003,23(2):237-244.
[17]赵蓉,张峰.山西华北落叶松群落数量分类与排序[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(5):646-652.
[18]杜纪山,唐守正.抚育间伐对林分生长的效应及其模型研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1996,18(1):79-83.
[19]明安刚,张治军,谌红辉,等.抚育间伐对马尾松人工林生物量与碳贮量的影响[J].林业科学,2013,49(10):1-6.
[20]MONTERO G,CA?ELLAS I,ORTEGA C,et al.Results from a thinning experiment in a Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)natural regeneration stand in the Sistema Ibérico Mountain Range(Spain)[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2001,145(S1-2):151-161.
[21]任达,张芸香,郭晋平,等.基于目标树中心样圆法的华北落叶松天然林抚育间伐生长效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(28):11-15.
[22]武朋辉,白高平,党坤良,等.抚育间伐对秦岭南坡油松中龄林生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(1):20-26.
[23]姚贻强,梁士楚,李桂荣,等.广西红树林优势种群生态学研究[J].生态环境,2008,17(3):1082-1085.
[24]邹春静,韩士杰,张军辉.阔叶红松林树种间竞争关系及其营林意义[J].生态学杂志,2001,20(4):35-38.
[25]方坚,王孝安,郭华,等.黄土高原马栏林区辽东栎林种内、种间竞争研究[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):334-339.
[26]孙志虎,王秀琴,陈祥伟.不同抚育间伐强度对落叶松人工林生态系统碳储量影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(12):1-13.
[27]张甜,朱玉杰,董希斌.抚育间伐和修枝对落叶松用材林生长和冠层的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(12):8-11,21.
[28]雷相东,陆元昌,张会儒,等.抚育间伐对落叶松云冷杉混交林的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):78-85.
[29]张二亮,宫宇,陈永军,等.华北落叶松生长规律初探[J].河北林果研究,2015,30(1):30-32.
[30]惠刚盈,胡艳波,赵中华.再论“结构化森林经营”[J].世界林业研究,2009,22(1):14-19.
[31]关百钧,施昆山.森林可持续发展研究综述[J].世界林业研究,1995(4):1-6.
[32]吕勇,钱升平,吕飞舟,等.青冈栎次生林林木综合竞争压力指数研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(10):1-6.
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