污水深度处理工艺对抗生素抗性菌和抗性基因去除研究进展
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摘要
由抗生素的不合理使用产生的抗生素抗性菌(Antibiotic-resistant bacteria,ARB)和抗性基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)已广泛存在于各种环境介质中,对人类健康和生态安全造成了潜在危害。即使抗生素消减后ARB也能在环境中长期存在,ARGs可通过水平基因转移(Horizontal gene transfer,HGT)进一步扩散。污水处理厂是ARB和ARGs的储存库,也是实现其削减的重要环节。因此,探索可高效去除ARB和ARGs的污水深度处理工艺是十分必要的。本文综述了多种深度处理工艺对ARB和ARGs的去除研究进展,分析了氯消毒、紫外和臭氧氧化等传统消毒处理工艺和光/H2O2、光芬顿、光催化等高级氧化技术,以及人工湿地、混凝、膜处理等工艺对ARB和ARGs的去除效果与机理。在此基础上,对今后ARB和ARGs去除相关的研究重点和方向提出建议,以期为我国污水深度处理工艺的选择提供借鉴。
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB)and antibiotic-resistance genes(ARGs), promoted by the improper use of antibiotics, have been frequently detected in various aquatic environments. They have caused potential hazard to both human health and ecological security.Antibiotic resistance exists for quite a long time, even in the absence of antibiotics, and ARGs can be further disseminated through horizontal gene transfer(HGT). Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are a reservoir of ARB and ARGs and play an important part in their elimination. As a result, it is of great importance and necessity to explore an efficient advanced treatment process to remove ARB and ARGs properly. The aim of this review is to provide the current knowledge regarding inactivation of ARB and ARGs, with different advanced treatment processes in the effluent of WWTPs(chlorination, UV irradiation, ozonation, photo/H2 O2, photo Fenton, and photocatalytic oxidation). The inactivation effects on ARB and ARGs with constructed wetlands, coagulation, and membrane treatment were also summarized. Finally, advice and suggestions were proposed for the future research direction:(1)The efficiency and mechanism of integrated processes on the removal of ARB and ARGs should be explored;(2)The behavior of various mobile genetic elements(MGEs)and their correlations with ARGs during the different advanced treatment processes should be further studied;(3)The scope of mechanism research should be extended to reverse transcription of ARB; and(4)More effective quantitative determination of ARGs should be exploited, as real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR may underestimate the removal efficiency of ARGs by advanced treatment processes.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB)and antibiotic-resistance genes(ARGs), promoted by the improper use of antibiotics, have been frequently detected in various aquatic environments. They have caused potential hazard to both human health and ecological security.Antibiotic resistance exists for quite a long time, even in the absence of antibiotics, and ARGs can be further disseminated through horizontal gene transfer(HGT). Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are a reservoir of ARB and ARGs and play an important part in their elimination. As a result, it is of great importance and necessity to explore an efficient advanced treatment process to remove ARB and ARGs properly. The aim of this review is to provide the current knowledge regarding inactivation of ARB and ARGs, with different advanced treatment processes in the effluent of WWTPs(chlorination, UV irradiation, ozonation, photo/H2 O2, photo Fenton, and photocatalytic oxidation). The inactivation effects on ARB and ARGs with constructed wetlands, coagulation, and membrane treatment were also summarized. Finally, advice and suggestions were proposed for the future research direction:(1)The efficiency and mechanism of integrated processes on the removal of ARB and ARGs should be explored;(2)The behavior of various mobile genetic elements(MGEs)and their correlations with ARGs during the different advanced treatment processes should be further studied;(3)The scope of mechanism research should be extended to reverse transcription of ARB; and(4)More effective quantitative determination of ARGs should be exploited, as real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR may underestimate the removal efficiency of ARGs by advanced treatment processes.
引文
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[3]李红娜,阿旺次仁,李斌绪,等.兽用抗生素研究的文献计量学分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(11):2297-2306.LI Hong-na,A Wang-ci-ren,LI Bin-xu,et al.A bibliometric assess ment of research into antibiotics in poultry and livestock breeding[J]Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2017,36(11):2297-2306.
[4]Berendonk T U,Manaia C M,Merlin C,et al.Tackling antibiotic resis tance:The environmental framework[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology2015,13(5):310-317.
[5]罗义,周启星.抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)--一种新型环境污染物[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(08):1499-1505.LUO Yi,ZHOU Qi-xing.Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)as emerg ing pollutants[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(8):1499-1505.
[6]Fournier P E,Vallenet D,Barbe V,et al.Comparative genomics of mul tidrug resistance in Acinetobacter Baumannii[J].PLoS Genetics,2006,2(1):e7.
[7]苏建强,黄福义,朱永官.环境抗生素抗性基因研究进展[J].生物多样性,2013,21(4):481-487.SU Jian-qiang,HUANG Fu-yi,ZHU Yong-guan.Antibiotic resistance genes in the environment[J].Biodiversity Science,2013,21(4):481-487.
[8]Davies J,Davies D.Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance[J].Mi crobiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,2010,74(3):417-433.
[9]张瑞泉,应光国,丁永祯,等.广东西枝江-东江流域抗生素抗性基因污染特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(12):2471-2479.ZHANG Rui-quan,YING Guang-guo,DING Yong-zhen,et al.Pollu tion characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in Xizhijiang-Dongji ang River Basin,Guangdong Province,China[J].Journal of Agro-Envi ronment Science,2013,32(12):2471-2479.
[10]Gao H,Zhang L,Lu Z,et al.Complex migration of antibiotic resis tance in natural aquatic environments[J].Environmental Pollution2018,232(Suppl C):1-9.
[11]Manaia C M,Macedo G,Fatta-Kassinos D,et al.Antibiotic resistance in urban aquatic environments:Can it be controlled?[J].Applied Micro biology and Biotechnology,2016,100(4):1543-1557.
[12]LaPara T M,Burch T R,McNamara P J,et al.Tertiary-treated munici pal wastewater is a significant point source of antibiotic resistance genes into Duluth-superior harbor[J].Environmental Science&Tech nology,2011,45(22):9543-9549.
[13]佟娟,魏源送.污水处理厂削减耐药菌与抗性基因的研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2650-2659.TONG Juan,WEI Yuan-song.State-of-the-art removal of antibiotic resistance bacteria(ARB)and antibiotic resistance gene(ARG)in wastewater treatmentplants(WWTPs)[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstanti ae,2012,32(11):2650-2659.
[14]Deborde M,von Gunten U.Reactions of chlorine with inorganic and organic compounds during water treatment-kinetics and mecha nisms:A critical review[J].Water Research,2008,42(1):13-51.
[15]Yoon Y,Chung H J,Wen Di D Y,et al.Inactivation efficiency of plas mid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes during water treatment with chlorine,UV,and UV/H2O2[J].Water Research,2017,123:783-793.
[16]Dodd M C.Potential impacts of disinfection processes on elimination and deactivation of antibiotic resistance genes during water and waste water treatment[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2012,14(7):1754-1771.
[17]Sharma V K,Johnson N,Cizmas L,et al.A review of the influence o treatment strategies on antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resis tance genes[J].Chemosphere,2016,150(Suppl C):702-714.
[18]Sullivan B A,Vance C C,Gentry T J,et al.Effects of chlorination and ultraviolet light on environmental tetracycline-resistant bacteria and tet(w)in water[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering2017,5(1):777-784.
[19]Fiorentino A,Ferro G,Alferez M C,et al.Inactivation and regrowth o multidrug resistant bacteria in urban wastewater after disinfection by solar-driven and chlorination processes[J].Journal of Photochemistr and Photobiology B:Biology,2015,148(Suppl C):43-50.
[20]Yuan Q B,Guo M T,Yang J.Fate of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes during wastewater chlorination:Implication for antibiotic resis tance control[J].PLoS ONE,2015,10(3):e0119403.
[21]郑吉,周振超,陈芳,等.3种常规消毒方法对磺胺类抗性基因削减效果的比较[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1497-1505.ZHENG Ji,ZHOU Zhen-chao,CHEN Fang,et al.Reducing effect o three disinfection technologies for sulfonamides resistance genes[J]Environmental Science,2017,38(4):1497-1505.
[22]Naquin A,Shrestha A,Sherpa M,et al.Presence of antibiotic resis tance genes in a sewage treatment plant in Thibodaux,Louisiana,USA[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,188(Suppl C):79-83.
[23]Huang J J,Hu H Y,Tang F,et al.Inactivation and reactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria by chlorination in secondary effluents of a municipal wastewater treatment plant[J].Water Research,2011,45(9):2775-2781.
[24]Murray G E,Tobin R S,Junkins B,et al.Effect of chlorination on antibiotic resistance profiles of sewage-related bacteria[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1984,48(1):73-77.
[25]Jia S,Shi P,Hu Q,et al.Bacterial community shift drives antibiotic resistance promotion during drinking water chlorination[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,49(20):12271-12279.
[26]Lin W,Zhang M,Zhang S,et al.Can chlorination co-select antibioticresistance genes?[J].Chemosphere,2016,156(Suppl C):412-419.
[27]Lin W,Li S,Zhang S,et al.Reduction in horizontal transfer of conjugative plasmid by UV irradiation and low-level chlorination[J].Water Research,2016,91(Suppl C):331-338.
[28]Guo M T,Yuan Q B,Yang J.Distinguishing effects of ultraviolet exposure and chlorination on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in municipal wastewater[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,49(9):5771-5778.
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