基于GPS资料分析阿尔金断裂的闭锁程度及地震危险性
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摘要
采用1991—2015年GPS速度场数据,分析了阿尔金断裂现今滑动速率特征;利用Tdefnode负位错反演程序计算了阿尔金断裂的闭锁程度分布及滑动亏损速率分布;结合小震分布特征,对阿尔金断裂地震危险性进行了研究。结果表明:阿尔金断裂西段、中段和东段的走滑速率分别为7.1 mm/a,7.8 mm/a,5.0 mm/a,在与北西向断裂交汇区域速率减小最快;断裂闭锁程度较高区域集中在断裂中东段,断裂中段亏损速率为6～8 mm/a,到东段亏损速率增加到10 mm/a;结合震源深度剖面认为断裂中东段是一个地震空段,地震危险性较高,未来应该加强关注。
By using the GPS velocity field during 1991 ~ 2015,we analyze the slip rate of the Altyn Tagh fault,and then we invert the fault locking and slip deficit of the Altyn Tagh fault by negative dislocation inversion with Tdefnode code.Moreover,combining with the distribution characteristics of small earthquakes,we analyze the seismic risk of the Altyn Tagh fault.The results showthat the slip rate of the western segment is 7.1 mm/a,the middle segment is 7.8 mm/a,and the eastern segment is 5.0 mm/a.The slip rate decreases in the intersection with NW faults.The middle-eastern segments of the fault is completely locked.And the slip deficit rate of the middle segment is about 7 ~ 8 mm/a,and increased to 10 mm/a in the eastern segment.Combining with the hypocentral depth profile,we speculate the middle-eastern segments is a seismic gap,and have a strong seismic risk.Therefore,we should pay more attention to it.
By using the GPS velocity field during 1991 ~ 2015,we analyze the slip rate of the Altyn Tagh fault,and then we invert the fault locking and slip deficit of the Altyn Tagh fault by negative dislocation inversion with Tdefnode code.Moreover,combining with the distribution characteristics of small earthquakes,we analyze the seismic risk of the Altyn Tagh fault.The results showthat the slip rate of the western segment is 7.1 mm/a,the middle segment is 7.8 mm/a,and the eastern segment is 5.0 mm/a.The slip rate decreases in the intersection with NW faults.The middle-eastern segments of the fault is completely locked.And the slip deficit rate of the middle segment is about 7 ~ 8 mm/a,and increased to 10 mm/a in the eastern segment.Combining with the hypocentral depth profile,we speculate the middle-eastern segments is a seismic gap,and have a strong seismic risk.Therefore,we should pay more attention to it.
引文
柏美祥.1992.阿尔金活动断裂带的运动学和动力学特征[J].新疆地质,10(1):57-61.
陈正乐,张岳桥,陈宣华,等.2001.阿尔金断裂中段晚新生代走滑过程的沉积响应[J].中国科学:地球科学,31(增刊1):90-96.
虢顺民,向宏发.1998.阿尔金构造系渐新世-中新世以来断裂左旋位错时空分布规律研究[J].地震地质,20(1):9-18.
季灵运,刘立炜,郝明.2015.利用InSAR技术研究滇西南镇康-永德地区现今地壳形变特征[J].地震研究,38(1):84-89
李海兵,杨经绥,许志琴,等.2006.阿尔金断裂带对青藏高原北部生长、隆升的制约[J].地学前缘,13(4):59-79.
李海兵.2001.阿尔金断裂带的形成时代及其走滑作用对青藏高原北部隆升的贡献[D].北京:中国地质科学院.
李宁,赵强,李金.2017.基于InSAR形变观测反演2015年皮山MS6.5地震滑动分布[J].地震,37(2):67-76.
李宁,朱良玉,刘雷.2018.丽江-小金河断裂带现今闭锁程度与地震危险性分析[J].地震研究,40(2):89-95.
李煜航,崔笃信,郝明.2015a.利用GPS数据反演青藏高原东北缘主要活动断裂滑动速率[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,(10):1767-1780.
李煜航,王庆良,崔笃信,等.2015b.利用GPS数据反演阿尔金断裂现今滑动速率[J].地震地质,37(3):869-879.
刘晓霞,江在森,冯蔚.2017.2016年熊本MW7.1地震前GPS形变特征分析[J].地震研究,40(3):458-464.
陆远忠,王炜,沈建文.1983.地震空区与逼近地震(续)[J].地震学报,5(2):129-144.
马玉虎,马辉青.2014.阿尔金断裂带中东部地震活动特征及危险性讨论[J].高原地质,26(2):1-6.
谢富仁,刘光勋.1989.阿尔金断裂带中段区域新构造应力场分析[J].中国地震,5(3):26-36.
熊熊,王继业,滕吉文.2006.阿尔金断裂不同时间尺度下的滑移速度及构造意义[J].地质科技情报,26(3):21-28.
徐锡伟,Tapponnier P,van J,et al.2003.阿尔金断裂带晚第四纪左旋走滑速率及其构造运动转换模式讨论[J].中国科学:地球科学,33(10):967-974.
许志琴,杨经绥.1999a.大陆俯冲作用及青藏高原周缘造山带的崛起[J],地学前缘,6(3):139-151.
许志琴,杨经绥,张建新,等.1999b.阿尔金断裂两侧构造单元的对比及岩石圈剪切机制[J],地质学报,73(3):193-205.
张希,江在森,张四新.1998.借助最小二乘配置整体解算地壳视应变场[J].地壳形变与地震,18(2):57-62.
张岳桥,陈正乐,杨农.2001.阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据[J].现代地质,15(1):8-12.
Mao A L,Harrison C G A,Dixon T H.1999.Noise in GPS coordinate time series[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,104(B2):2797-2816.
Mccaffrey R,Qamar A I,King R W,et al.2007.Fault locking,block rotation and crustal deformation in the Pacific Northwest[J].Geophys JInt,169(3):1315-1340,doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03371.x.
Mériaux A S,Tapponnier P,Ryerson F J,et al.2003.Post-Glacial Slip-Rate on the Aksay Segment of the Northern Altyn Tagh Fault,Derived from Cosmogenic Radionuclide Dating of Mor-phological Offset Features[J].Geophys Res Abstracts,5:08062.
Mériaux A S,Tapponnier P,Ryerson F J,et al.2005.The Aksay segment of the northern Altyn Tagh Fault:Tectonicgeomorphology,landscape evolution,and Holocene slip rate[J].J Geophys Res,110(B4):229-246.
Peltzer G,Tapponnier P,Armijo R.1989.Magnitude of Late-Quaternary Left-Lateral Displacements along the North Edge of Tibet[J].Science,246(4935):1285-1289.
Shen Z K,Wang M,Li Y X,et al.2001.Crustal deformation along the Altyn Tagh Fault system,western China,from GPS[J].J Geophys Res,106(12):30607-30621.
Zheng G,Wang H,Tim J W,et al.2017.Crustal Deformation in the India-Eurasia Collision Zone From 25 Years of GPS Measurements[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,122(11).
陈正乐,张岳桥,陈宣华,等.2001.阿尔金断裂中段晚新生代走滑过程的沉积响应[J].中国科学:地球科学,31(增刊1):90-96.
虢顺民,向宏发.1998.阿尔金构造系渐新世-中新世以来断裂左旋位错时空分布规律研究[J].地震地质,20(1):9-18.
季灵运,刘立炜,郝明.2015.利用InSAR技术研究滇西南镇康-永德地区现今地壳形变特征[J].地震研究,38(1):84-89
李海兵,杨经绥,许志琴,等.2006.阿尔金断裂带对青藏高原北部生长、隆升的制约[J].地学前缘,13(4):59-79.
李海兵.2001.阿尔金断裂带的形成时代及其走滑作用对青藏高原北部隆升的贡献[D].北京:中国地质科学院.
李宁,赵强,李金.2017.基于InSAR形变观测反演2015年皮山MS6.5地震滑动分布[J].地震,37(2):67-76.
李宁,朱良玉,刘雷.2018.丽江-小金河断裂带现今闭锁程度与地震危险性分析[J].地震研究,40(2):89-95.
李煜航,崔笃信,郝明.2015a.利用GPS数据反演青藏高原东北缘主要活动断裂滑动速率[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,(10):1767-1780.
李煜航,王庆良,崔笃信,等.2015b.利用GPS数据反演阿尔金断裂现今滑动速率[J].地震地质,37(3):869-879.
刘晓霞,江在森,冯蔚.2017.2016年熊本MW7.1地震前GPS形变特征分析[J].地震研究,40(3):458-464.
陆远忠,王炜,沈建文.1983.地震空区与逼近地震(续)[J].地震学报,5(2):129-144.
马玉虎,马辉青.2014.阿尔金断裂带中东部地震活动特征及危险性讨论[J].高原地质,26(2):1-6.
谢富仁,刘光勋.1989.阿尔金断裂带中段区域新构造应力场分析[J].中国地震,5(3):26-36.
熊熊,王继业,滕吉文.2006.阿尔金断裂不同时间尺度下的滑移速度及构造意义[J].地质科技情报,26(3):21-28.
徐锡伟,Tapponnier P,van J,et al.2003.阿尔金断裂带晚第四纪左旋走滑速率及其构造运动转换模式讨论[J].中国科学:地球科学,33(10):967-974.
许志琴,杨经绥.1999a.大陆俯冲作用及青藏高原周缘造山带的崛起[J],地学前缘,6(3):139-151.
许志琴,杨经绥,张建新,等.1999b.阿尔金断裂两侧构造单元的对比及岩石圈剪切机制[J],地质学报,73(3):193-205.
张希,江在森,张四新.1998.借助最小二乘配置整体解算地壳视应变场[J].地壳形变与地震,18(2):57-62.
张岳桥,陈正乐,杨农.2001.阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据[J].现代地质,15(1):8-12.
Mao A L,Harrison C G A,Dixon T H.1999.Noise in GPS coordinate time series[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,104(B2):2797-2816.
Mccaffrey R,Qamar A I,King R W,et al.2007.Fault locking,block rotation and crustal deformation in the Pacific Northwest[J].Geophys JInt,169(3):1315-1340,doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03371.x.
Mériaux A S,Tapponnier P,Ryerson F J,et al.2003.Post-Glacial Slip-Rate on the Aksay Segment of the Northern Altyn Tagh Fault,Derived from Cosmogenic Radionuclide Dating of Mor-phological Offset Features[J].Geophys Res Abstracts,5:08062.
Mériaux A S,Tapponnier P,Ryerson F J,et al.2005.The Aksay segment of the northern Altyn Tagh Fault:Tectonicgeomorphology,landscape evolution,and Holocene slip rate[J].J Geophys Res,110(B4):229-246.
Peltzer G,Tapponnier P,Armijo R.1989.Magnitude of Late-Quaternary Left-Lateral Displacements along the North Edge of Tibet[J].Science,246(4935):1285-1289.
Shen Z K,Wang M,Li Y X,et al.2001.Crustal deformation along the Altyn Tagh Fault system,western China,from GPS[J].J Geophys Res,106(12):30607-30621.
Zheng G,Wang H,Tim J W,et al.2017.Crustal Deformation in the India-Eurasia Collision Zone From 25 Years of GPS Measurements[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,122(11).