海上升压站平台不同标准对比研究
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摘要
[目的]风能是近年来飞速发展的可再生能源。海上升压站是连接海上风场和陆上电网的关键设备,起着汇集和送出风场电能及抬升输电电压、降低输电损耗的作用。目前国内海上升压站的设计标准并没有做到系统化,存在多种规范共存的局面,有必要对各种标准进行对比研究。[方法]首先介绍了海洋平台分类、设计荷载分类,进而详细论述了不同国家海洋平台的设计工况与设计方法,最后对抗震相关的合理性进行了较为深入地对比分析。[结果]通过对不同标准的对比分析,目前存在ASD方法和LRFD方法共存的局面,中国海上升压站的设计选择了以LRFD方法为主的路线,随着中国海洋建设的蓬勃发展,也将推动海上升压站相关标准与已有GB的协调一致。[结论]本研究为标准的选择与合理应用提供了重要依据。
[Introduction]Wind energy is a renewable energy that has developed rapidly in recent years. The offshore booster station is the key equipment connecting the offshore wind farm and the onshore power grid. It plays the role of collecting and sending wind farm energy and raising the transmission voltage and reducing the transmission loss. At present, the design standards of domestic offshore booster stations are not systematic, and there are many situations where specifications coexist. It is necessary to conduct comparative studies on various standards. [Methods]Firstly, the classification of marine platforms and the classification of design loads were introduced. The design conditions and design methods of offshore platforms in different countries were discussed in detail. Finally, the rationality of earthquake-related correlations was compared and analyzed. [Result]Through the comparative analysis of different standards, there is a situation where ASD method and LRFD method coexist. The design of China′s offshore booster station chooses the route based on LRFD method. With the vigorous development of China′s ocean construction, it will also promote the relevant standards of offshore booster stations and the existing GB. [Conclusion]This study provides an important basis for the selection and rational application of standards.
[Introduction]Wind energy is a renewable energy that has developed rapidly in recent years. The offshore booster station is the key equipment connecting the offshore wind farm and the onshore power grid. It plays the role of collecting and sending wind farm energy and raising the transmission voltage and reducing the transmission loss. At present, the design standards of domestic offshore booster stations are not systematic, and there are many situations where specifications coexist. It is necessary to conduct comparative studies on various standards. [Methods]Firstly, the classification of marine platforms and the classification of design loads were introduced. The design conditions and design methods of offshore platforms in different countries were discussed in detail. Finally, the rationality of earthquake-related correlations was compared and analyzed. [Result]Through the comparative analysis of different standards, there is a situation where ASD method and LRFD method coexist. The design of China′s offshore booster station chooses the route based on LRFD method. With the vigorous development of China′s ocean construction, it will also promote the relevant standards of offshore booster stations and the existing GB. [Conclusion]This study provides an important basis for the selection and rational application of standards.
引文
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[17] 戚永乐. 核岛侧常规岛主厂房山墙抗倒塌能力分析 [J]. 南方能源建设,2014,1(1):70-74.
[2] American Petroleum Institute. Planning,designing,and constructing fixed offshore platforms-working stress design:API recommended practice 2A-WSD [S]. USA: API Publishing Service,2014.
[3] International Organization for Standardization. Petroleum and natural gas industries-fixed steel offshore structures:ISO 19902:2007(E) [S]. Switzerland: ISO,2007.
[4] Norsok Standard. Design of steel structures:norsok N—004 [S]. Norway: Standard Norway,2013.
[5] 国家能源局. 风电场工程110 kV～220 kV海上升压变电站设计规范:NB/T 31115—2017 [S]. 北京:中国电力出版社,2017.
[6] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Design of offshore steel structure,general-LRFD method:DNVGL-OS-C101 [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2017.
[7] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Safety principles and arrangements:DNVGL-OS-A101 [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2017.
[8] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Technical standards committee(guidelines for load-outs):GL 0013/ND [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2015.
[9] International Organization for Standardization. Petroleum and natural gas industries-specific requirements for offshore structures-part 6:marine operations:ISO 19901-6 [S]. ISO,2009.
[10] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Technical standards committee(guidelines for marine transportations):GL 0030/ND [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2015.
[11] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Structural design of offshore ships:DNVGL-OS-C102 [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2017.
[12] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Technical standards committee(guidelines for marine lifting & lowering operations):GL 0027/ND [S]. Norway: DNV GL AS,2015.
[13] Det Norske Veritas and Germanscher Lloyd. Classification notes (fatigue assessment of ship structures): No-30-7 [S]. Norway: DNV AS,2014.
[14] American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). Floating production installations [S]. USA: ABS Plaza,2018.
[15] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 海上平台厂址地质勘查规范:GB 17503—1998 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,1998.
[16] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 海上平台厂址地质勘查规范:GB/T 17503—2009 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[17] 戚永乐. 核岛侧常规岛主厂房山墙抗倒塌能力分析 [J]. 南方能源建设,2014,1(1):70-74.