极端气温对贵州省生态系统服务的影响
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摘要
基于气象逐日观测数据,选择极端高温和低温典型发生年份,利用InVEST模型和Spearman相关性分析法分析了极端气温对贵州省生态系统服务的影响.结果表明:极端高温和低温影响下贵州省产水分别呈现下降和增加趋势,水质净化分别呈现增加和下降趋势,土壤保持均呈下降趋势.极端高温影响下产水、土壤保持和水质净化变化的空间格局较为接近,而极端低温影响下3种服务变化的空间格局差异突出.极端气温影响下降水量、蒸发量及降水侵蚀力变化是贵州省生态系统服务变化的重要原因.
This paper selects typical occurrence years of extreme high temperature and low temperature events,and analyzes the influences of extreme temperature events on ecosystem services changes in Guizhou Province based on daily meteorological observation data with the methods of InVEST model.The results show that the decreasing and increasing trends have been presented in water yield under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events respectively;whereas the increasing and decreasing trends have been displayed in nutrient purification under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events respectively.However,there are both a decreasing trend for soil retention under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events.The spatial patterns of water yield,soil retention and nutrient purification changes under the influence of extreme high temperature events are relatively close;whereas the spatial patterns of the three services changes under the influence of extreme low temperature events are prominent.The change characteristics of precipitation,evaporation and rainfall erosion force affected by extreme temperature events are the important reasons for the changes of ecosystem services in Guizhou Province.
This paper selects typical occurrence years of extreme high temperature and low temperature events,and analyzes the influences of extreme temperature events on ecosystem services changes in Guizhou Province based on daily meteorological observation data with the methods of InVEST model.The results show that the decreasing and increasing trends have been presented in water yield under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events respectively;whereas the increasing and decreasing trends have been displayed in nutrient purification under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events respectively.However,there are both a decreasing trend for soil retention under the influence of extreme high temperature and low temperature events.The spatial patterns of water yield,soil retention and nutrient purification changes under the influence of extreme high temperature events are relatively close;whereas the spatial patterns of the three services changes under the influence of extreme low temperature events are prominent.The change characteristics of precipitation,evaporation and rainfall erosion force affected by extreme temperature events are the important reasons for the changes of ecosystem services in Guizhou Province.
引文
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[3]Costanza R,d'Arge R,de Groot R S,et al.The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital[J].Nature,1997,387:253-260.
[4]Millennium Ecosystem Assessment(MA).Ecosystems and Human Well-being:the Assessment Series(Four Volumes and Summary)[M].Washington,DC:Island Press,2005.
[5]Fan M,Shibata H,Wang Q.Optimal Conservation Planning of Multiple Hydrological Ecosystem Services under Land Use and Climate Changes in Teshio River Watershed,Northernmost of Japan[J].Ecological indicators,2016,62:1-13.
[6]韩会庆,张娇艳,马庚,等.气候变化对生态系统服务影响的研究进展[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(2):184-190.
[7]Santos R O,Rehage J S,Boucek R,et al.Shift in Recreational Fishing Catches as a Function of an Extreme Cold Event[J].Ecosphere,2016,7:e01335.
[8]Terrado M,Acu1a V,Ennaanay D,et al.Impact of Climate Extremes on Hydrological Ecosystem Services in a Heavily Humanized Mediterranean Basin[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,37:199-209.
[9]Chiang L C,Lin Y P,Huang T,et al.Simulation of Ecosystem Service Responses to Multiple Disturbances from an Earthquake and Several Typhoons[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,122:41-55.
[10]韩会庆,张娇艳,苏志华,等.2011-2050年贵州省极端气候指数时空变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):341-346.
[11]朱大运,熊康宁,肖华.贵州省极端气温时空变化特征分析[J].资源科学,2018,40(8):1672-1683.
[12]Sharp R,Tallis H T,Ricketts T,et al.InVEST User's Guide[Z].The Natural Capital Project.Stanford,2014.
[13]Han H Q,Dong Y X.Assessing and Mapping of Multiple Ecosystem Services in Guizhou Province,China[J].Tropical Ecology,2017,58:331-346.
[14]韩会庆,罗绪强,游仁龙,等.基于InVEST模型的贵州省珠江流域水质净化功能分析[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(5):87-92.
[15]Wischmeier W H,Smith D.Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses:a Guide to Conservation Planning[M].Washington DC:USDA-ARS Agriculture Handbook,1978.
[16]Redhead J W,May L,Oliver T H,et al.National Scale Evaluation of the InVEST Nutrient Retention Model in the United Kingdom[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,610:666-677.
[17]黄建菲,王红波,何玉龙.贵州省2003年夏季高温天气成因分析[J].贵州气象,2005,29(4):10-12.
[18]唐延婧,宋丹.2008年初贵州低温雨雪凝冻灾害天气成因分析[J].气象科学,2008,28(S1):78-83.