长周期地震动低频脉冲特性及反应谱分析
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摘要
综合考虑远场类谐和地震动、近断层向前方向性地震动与近断层滑冲型地震动三类长周期地震动,对比分析不同类型长周期地震动的峰值与持时特征、低频特性、脉冲特性及反应谱特征,并探讨中、美、日、欧抗震设计谱在考虑长周期地震动影响方面的适用性。结果表明:长周期地震动的峰值、持时及反应谱特征明显区别于普通地震动,且三种长周期地震动之间亦存在显著差异;长周期地震动均具有低频脉冲特性,但不同类型长周期地震动在频域与时域内的能量分布规律不同;现行中、美、日、欧抗震设计谱均未综合考虑三类长周期地震动的影响,亟需开展综合考虑三类长周期地震动影响的抗震设计谱研究。
The characteristics of peak,duration and response spectrum and the performances of low frequency and pulse of three types of long-period ground motions were compared,including far-field harmonic-like,near-fault forward-directivity and near-fault fling-step ground motions. Then the adequacy of the consideration of the influence of long-period ground motions in the seismic design spectra of Chinese,American,Japanese and European codes was evaluated. The results show that the characteristics of peak,duration and response spectrum of three types of longperiod ground motions are obviously different with ordinary ground motions,and also different among themselves;all long-period ground motions have low-frequency and pulse performances,but different types have different energy distributions in the frequency and time domains respectively; all the currently used seismic design spectra of Chinese,American,Japanese and European codes have less consideration on the influences of three types of long-period ground motions,accelerating a need for the further research.
The characteristics of peak,duration and response spectrum and the performances of low frequency and pulse of three types of long-period ground motions were compared,including far-field harmonic-like,near-fault forward-directivity and near-fault fling-step ground motions. Then the adequacy of the consideration of the influence of long-period ground motions in the seismic design spectra of Chinese,American,Japanese and European codes was evaluated. The results show that the characteristics of peak,duration and response spectrum of three types of longperiod ground motions are obviously different with ordinary ground motions,and also different among themselves;all long-period ground motions have low-frequency and pulse performances,but different types have different energy distributions in the frequency and time domains respectively; all the currently used seismic design spectra of Chinese,American,Japanese and European codes have less consideration on the influences of three types of long-period ground motions,accelerating a need for the further research.
引文
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[15]刘哲峰,沈蒲生.高层混合结构滞回耗能比的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(2):73-78.LIU Zhefeng,SHEN Pusheng.Evaluation of hysteretic energy to input energy ratio in tall hybrid structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2009,29(2):73-78.(in Chinese)
[16]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.GB 50011-2010 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2016.(in Chinese)
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[18]李惠.中、美、欧、日建筑抗震规范地震作用对比研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.LI Hui.The seismic action comparison between Chinese,American,European and Japanese seismic design codes for buildings[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
[19]罗开海,王亚勇.中美欧抗震设计规范地震动参数换算关系的研究[J].建筑结构,2006,36(8):103-107.LUO Kaihai,WANG Yayong.Research on conversion relationships among the parameters of ground motions in seismic design codes of China,America and Europe[J].Buildings,2006,36(8):103-107.(in Chinese)
[2]陈清军,张婷,陈志海,等.长周期随机地震作用下超大跨斜拉桥的行波效应分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,41(4):1-9.CHEN Qingjun,ZHANG Ting,CHEN Zhihai,et al.Traveling wave effect analysis of super-long-span cable-stayed bridge under long-period stochastic seismic excitation[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2014,41(4):1-9.(in Chinese)
[3]徐龙军,胡进军,谢礼立.特殊长周期地震动的参数特征研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(6):20-27.XU Longjun,HU Jinjun,XIE Lili.On characteristics of ground motion parameters for special long-period ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2005,25(6):20-27.(in Chinese)
[4]杜东升,王曙光,刘伟庆,等.长周期地震动影响因素及频谱参数研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(增刊1):1-8.DU Dongsheng,WANG Shuguang,LIU Weiqing,et al.Study on affecting factors and spectral parameters of long period ground motions[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(S1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[5]李雪红,王文科,吴迪,等.长周期地震动的特性分析及界定方法研究[J].振动工程学报,2014,27(5):685-692.LI Xuehong,WANG Wenke,WU Di,et al.The bounded method and characteristics analysis for long-period ground motions[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2014,27(5):685-692.(in Chinese)
[6]Kalkan Erol,Kunnath Sashi K.Effects of fling step and forward directivity on seismic response of buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(2):367-390.
[7]王博,白国良,王超群,等.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的长周期地震动能量时频分布比较研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(3):71-80.WANG Bo,BAI Guoliang,WANG Chaoqun,et al.Comparative study on energy time-frequency distribution of long-period ground motions based on Hilbert-Huang Transform[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2013,33(3):71-80.(in Chinese)
[8]杨迪雄,潘建伟,李刚.近断层脉冲型地震动作用下建筑结构的层间变形分布特征和机理分析[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(4):108YANG Dixiong,PAN Jianwei,LI Gang.Deformational distribution feature and mechanism analysis of building structures subjected to near-fault pulse-type ground motions[J].Journal of Building Structures,2009,30(4):108-118.(in Chinese)
[9]YANG Dixiong,PAN Jianwei,LI Gang.Interstory drift ratio of building structures subjected to near-fault ground motions based on generalized drift spectral analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30:1182-1197.
[10]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.HU Yuxian.Earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[11]任叶飞,温瑞智,周宝峰,等.2013年4月20日四川芦山地震强地面运动三要素特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(6):1836-1846.REN Yefei,WEN Ruizhi,ZHOU Baofeng,et al.The characteristics of strong ground motion of Lushan earthquake on April 20,2013[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(6):1836-1846(in Chinese).
[12]张郁山.希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)与地震动时程的希尔伯特谱—方法与应用研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2003.ZHANG Yushan.Hilbert-Huang transform and Hilbert spectrum of earthquake ground motion—study of methods and applications[D].Beijing:China Seismological Bureau,2003.(in Chinese)
[13]吴琛,周瑞忠.Hilbert-Huang变换在提取地震信号动力特性中的应用[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):41-46.WU Chen,ZHOU Ruizhong.Application of Hilbert-Huang transform in extracting dynamic properties of seismic signals[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2006,26(5):41-46.(in Chinese)
[14]刘强,周瑞忠,刘宇航.基于Hilbert-Huang变换分析的地震动能量与震动效应评估[J].力学与实践,2008,30(5):19-23.LIU Qiang,ZHOU Ruizhong,LIU Yuhang.Evaluation of energy and seismic effect of earthquake wave based on HHT analysis[J].Mechanics and Engineering,2008,30(5):19-23.(in Chinese)
[15]刘哲峰,沈蒲生.高层混合结构滞回耗能比的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(2):73-78.LIU Zhefeng,SHEN Pusheng.Evaluation of hysteretic energy to input energy ratio in tall hybrid structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2009,29(2):73-78.(in Chinese)
[16]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.GB 50011-2010 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[17]DGJ08-9-2013抗震设计规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.DGJ08-9-2013 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2013.(in Chinese)
[18]李惠.中、美、欧、日建筑抗震规范地震作用对比研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.LI Hui.The seismic action comparison between Chinese,American,European and Japanese seismic design codes for buildings[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
[19]罗开海,王亚勇.中美欧抗震设计规范地震动参数换算关系的研究[J].建筑结构,2006,36(8):103-107.LUO Kaihai,WANG Yayong.Research on conversion relationships among the parameters of ground motions in seismic design codes of China,America and Europe[J].Buildings,2006,36(8):103-107.(in Chinese)