添加Y_2O_3对铝镁质干式捣打料微观组织和性能的影响
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摘要
以电熔白刚玉、电熔镁砂、活性氧化铝为主要原料,以Y_2O_3为添加剂,分别在1300、1400、1500、1600℃温度下保温3h制备铝镁质干式捣打料。研究在不同煅烧温度下添加Y_2O_3对铝镁质干式捣打料物相组成、显微结构、烧结性能、力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,适量Y_2O_3的引入能促进尖晶石材料的烧结,当温度低于1400℃时,Y_2O_3与Al_2O_3通过固相反应形成亚稳相的YAlO3(YAP),随着温度的上升,YAP逐渐被Y3Al5O12(YAG)所取代,其中,Y3+在高温下易固溶到尖晶石晶格内,促进其晶界迁移和晶粒长大,使材料的致密度得到明显提高;在1600℃保温3h的热处理条件下,添加0.5%~1.0%Y2O3所制铝镁质干式捣打料具有较好的烧结性能和力学性能,其中,添加1.0%Y_2O_3所制材料的线变化率约为2.7%、显气孔率为26%、体积密度为2.8g·cm-3、常温耐压强度约为15.4 MPa、高温抗折强度达3.8 MPa。
With fused white corundum,fused magnesia and active alumina as main raw materials,Y2 O3 as additive,magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials were prepared at different isothermal temperatures(1300,1400,1500,and 1600℃)for 3 h.The effects of Y2 O3 addition on phase composition,microstructures,sintering properties,and mechanical properties of magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials were investigated at various temperatures.The results show that the introduction of moderate amount of Y2 O3 can promote sintering of spinel materials.When the temperature is below 1400℃,Y2 O3 reacts with Al_2O_3 to form metastable phase YAlO3(YAP)through solid phase reaction.With the increase of temperature,YAP gradually transforms into Y3 Al5 O12.Y3+can dissolve into the lattice of spinel at high temperature,which effectively promotes the migration of grain boundary and grain growth,thus obviously improving the density of spinel materials.Under the heated treatment condition transformed at 1600℃for 3 hand adding 0.5%~1.0% Y2 O3,the magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials show better sintering properties and mechanical properties.When the added amount of Y2 O3 is 1.0%,the linear change rate of the materials is about 2.7%;the apparent porosity and bulk density are 26% and 2.8 g·cm-3,respectively;the compression strength is about 15.4 MPa,and the hot modulus of rupture is 3.8 MPa.
With fused white corundum,fused magnesia and active alumina as main raw materials,Y2 O3 as additive,magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials were prepared at different isothermal temperatures(1300,1400,1500,and 1600℃)for 3 h.The effects of Y2 O3 addition on phase composition,microstructures,sintering properties,and mechanical properties of magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials were investigated at various temperatures.The results show that the introduction of moderate amount of Y2 O3 can promote sintering of spinel materials.When the temperature is below 1400℃,Y2 O3 reacts with Al_2O_3 to form metastable phase YAlO3(YAP)through solid phase reaction.With the increase of temperature,YAP gradually transforms into Y3 Al5 O12.Y3+can dissolve into the lattice of spinel at high temperature,which effectively promotes the migration of grain boundary and grain growth,thus obviously improving the density of spinel materials.Under the heated treatment condition transformed at 1600℃for 3 hand adding 0.5%~1.0% Y2 O3,the magnesium aluminum dry ramming materials show better sintering properties and mechanical properties.When the added amount of Y2 O3 is 1.0%,the linear change rate of the materials is about 2.7%;the apparent porosity and bulk density are 26% and 2.8 g·cm-3,respectively;the compression strength is about 15.4 MPa,and the hot modulus of rupture is 3.8 MPa.
引文
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[2]武志红,杨晓凤,徐长海,等.Al2O3基复合耐火材料对感应炉炼铁合金的影响[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(6):785-787.
[3]肖国庆,刘民生,段锋,等.中频感应炉用刚玉质干式捣打料烧结性的研究[J].耐火材料,2003,37(1):28-29,33.
[4]Ozan Uylas,Muharrem Timucn,Ender Suvacl,et al.A study on spinel formation and sintering behavior of Al2O3-MgO system for induction furnace linings[C]//18th International Metallurgy and Materials Congress,Turkey,2016:23-27.
[5]岳建设,赵敬忠,常金晶.复合烧结剂对高铝质干式料烧结性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2007,41(3):213-216.
[6]彭玮科,张小军,邓承继,等.添加剂对矾土干式捣打料性能的影响[J].中国陶瓷工业,2015,22(3):6-12.
[7]田忠凯,王周福,王玺堂,等.稀土氧化物对反应烧结合成镁铝尖晶石的影响[J].耐火材料,2008,42(5):326-329.
[8]Li J,Liu J H,LüX J,et al.Effect of Sc2O3addition on densification and microstructure of different spinelized magnesium aluminate spinels[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2016,26(1):144-151.
[9]Tripathi H S,Singla S,Ghosh A.Synthesis and densification behaviour of magnesium aluminate spinel:effect of DY2O3[J].Ceramics International,2009,35(6):2541-2544.
[10]Xu L,Yin X L,Wang N,et al.Effect of Y2O3addition on the densification,microstructure and mechanical properties of MgAl2O4-CaAl4O7-CaAl12O19composites[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,702:472-478.
[11]Souto P M,Menezes R R,Kiminami R H G A.Effect of Y2O3additive on conventional and microwave sintering of mullite[J].Ceramics International,2011,37(1):241-248.
[12]Sarkar R,Tripathi H S,Ghosh A.Reaction sintering of different spinel compositions in the presence of Y2O3[J].Materials Letters,2004,58(16):2186-2191.
[13]Li X B,Luo J M,Zhou Y.Spark plasma sintering behavior of AlON ceramics doped with different spark plasma sintering behavior of AlON ceramics doped with different concentrations of Y2O3[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2015,35(7):2027-2032.
[14]Yuan W J,Zhu Q Y,Deng C J,et al.Effects of rare earth oxides additions on microstructure and properties of alumina-magnesia refractory castables[J].Ceramics International,2017,43(3):6746-6750.